Yamaha MU80 Handleiding

Merk: Yamaha

Model: MU80

Categorie: Stroomgeneratoren

Type: Handleiding

WELCOME TO THE MU80

Welcome to the MU80

Congratulations and thank you for purchasing the Yamaha MU80 Tone

Generator!

The MU80 is an advanced tone generator providing 729 high-quality

Voices, full General MIDI compatibility — including Yamaha’s new XG-

MIDI (Extended General MIDI) — plus flexible computer interfacing

in a highly compact and portable package.

With the convenient built-in host computer interface and MIDI ter-

minals, the MU80 is ideal for any computer music system — from connec-

tion to a simple laptop to integration in a complete MIDI studio. With its

large LCD and the intuitive graphic controls on the display, the MU80 is

remarkably easy to use.

The MU80 also features completely independent dual MIDI inputs,

32 Part multi-timbral capacity and full 64-note polyphony for playback

of even the most sophisticated song data. A special Performance mode

gives you flexible four-Voice operation, for live performance applications.

Built-in digital multi-effects give you enormous versatility in “sweeten-

ing” the sound. Plus, the convenient A/D inputs allow you to connect a mi-

crophone, electric guitar or other instrument, and mix those signals with the

MU80’s Voices. What’s more, the MU80 provides a host of comprehensive,

yet easy-to-use editing tools for getting just the sound you need.

UNPACKING

iii

MU80 Serial No.:

PA-1207 AC Power Adaptor

Owner’s Manual

Unpacking

Your MU80 package should include the items listed below. Make sure that

you have them all. Also, write down the serial number of your MU80 in the

box below, for future reference.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

Welcome to the MU80 ............................................................................................................ ii

Unpacking ..............................................................................................................................iii

Table of Contents................................................................................................................... iv

How to Use This Manual ...................................................................................................... vi

Precautions............................................................................................................................ vii

The Controls of the MU80 ..................................................................................................... 1

The MU80 — What It Is and What It Can Do .................................................................... 4

What It Is…....................................................................................................................... 4

About General MIDI..................................................................................................... 4

What It Can Do…............................................................................................................. 5

Using With MIDI Keyboard ......................................................................................... 5

Using With a Computer or Sequencer .......................................................................... 5

About the Modes of the MU80 ........................................................................................ 6

Play Modes and the Part Controls................................................................................. 6

Utility Mode................................................................................................................ 10

Part Edit Mode ............................................................................................................ 10

GUIDED TOUR

Setting Up Your MU80 ................................................................................................... 12

What You’ll Need .................................................................................................. 12

Making the Connections ....................................................................................... 12

Powering Up and Playing the Demo Song.................................................................... 14

Playing the Demo Song .............................................................................................. 15

Selecting Voices ............................................................................................................... 17

Changing the Voice Bank............................................................................................ 18

Selecting Voices From Your MIDI Keyboard ............................................................. 19

Changing Some of the Settings — Part Controls......................................................... 20

Selecting another Part and changing its MIDI channel .............................................. 20

Changing the Volume and Pan settings of a Part ........................................................ 22

Using Mute/Solo.............................................................................................................. 23

Using the A/D Input........................................................................................................ 24

Setting Up the MU80 in Your Music System................................................................ 26

Connecting With a Computer ..................................................................................... 26

Macintosh .............................................................................................................. 26

IBM PC and Clones .............................................................................................. 27

Connecting to Other MIDI Devices ............................................................................ 28

Using the MU80 with a MIDI Data Storage Device .................................................... 30

Data Flow Block Diagram.............................................................................................. 31

MIDI/Computer Connecting Cables............................................................................. 32

REFERENCE

Multi Mode...................................................................................................................... 34

Multi Play Mode ......................................................................................................... 35

Play Displays .............................................................................................................. 35

Part Controls ............................................................................................................... 36

Single Part Control...................................................................................................... 37

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GUIDED TOUR

REFERENCE

APPENDIX

Selecting Single Part Control ................................................................................ 37

Editing in Single Part ............................................................................................ 37

All Part Control........................................................................................................... 41

Editing in All Part.................................................................................................. 41

Multi Edit Mode.......................................................................................................... 44

Filter ...................................................................................................................... 44

EG (Envelope Generator) ...................................................................................... 46

Vibrato ................................................................................................................... 51

Others .................................................................................................................... 53

Drum Setup Controls............................................................................................. 61

Calling Up the Drum Setup Menu................................................................... 61

Drum Setup Parameters ................................................................................... 62

Performance Mode ......................................................................................................... 66

Performance Play Mode.............................................................................................. 66

Selecting a Performance and its Individual Parts .................................................. 67

Performance Part Control ........................................................................................... 69

Single Part ............................................................................................................. 69

All Part .................................................................................................................. 72

Performance Edit Mode .............................................................................................. 75

Common ................................................................................................................ 75

Part ........................................................................................................................ 78

Filter ...................................................................................................................... 79

EG ......................................................................................................................... 79

Vibrato ................................................................................................................... 80

Others .................................................................................................................... 80

Copy and Store Operations ......................................................................................... 83

Copy ...................................................................................................................... 83

Store ...................................................................................................................... 84

Effect Edit Mode............................................................................................................. 86

Reverb (REV) ............................................................................................................. 86

Chorus ......................................................................................................................... 88

Variation...................................................................................................................... 89

Distortion .................................................................................................................... 91

About the Effect Connections — System and Insertion ............................................. 93

Equalizer (EQ) Edit........................................................................................................ 96

Utility Mode .................................................................................................................... 98

System Functions ........................................................................................................ 98

Dump Out Functions................................................................................................. 102

Saving and Restoring Data via MIDI .................................................................. 102

Saving and Restoring Data via TO HOST .......................................................... 102

Initialize Functions ................................................................................................... 105

Demo Song Play (DEMO) ........................................................................................ 108

Sound Module Mode (MODE) ................................................................................. 109

APPENDIX

XG .................................................................................................................................. 112

Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................ 127

Error Messages ............................................................................................................. 128

Specifications................................................................................................................. 129

Glossary ......................................................................................................................... 131

Index .............................................................................................................................. 133

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

How to Use This Manual

You are probably eager to try out your new MU80 Tone Generator right

away and hear what it can do, rather than have to read through a lot of in-

structions before you can even get a sound out of it.

However, to get the most out of your MU80, we strongly suggest that

you read the following sections in the order given:

1) Precautions

This gives you important information on how to care for your new

MU80, how to avoid damaging, and how to ensure long-term, reliable

operation.

2) The Controls of the MU80

This section introduces you to the panel controls and connectors.

3) The MU80 — What It Is and What It Can Do

This briefly provides an overview of the functions and features of the

MU80 and offers some important hints on how you can use it effectively.

4) Guided Tour

This very important section gets you started using your new MU80. It

helps you set up the instrument, play it, and use some of the more im-

portant functions and features. The hands-on experience you gain in

this section will help you navigate through the other sections of the

manual.

5) Setting Up the MU80 in Your Music System;

Using the MU80 with a Computer

These sections (within the Guided Tour) provide all you need to know

to effectively integrate the MU80 into your present computer music

system.

6) Reference

Once you’re familiar with everything above, lightly go over this com-

prehensive guide to all editing functions. You won’t need (or want) to

read everything at once, but it is there for you to refer to when you need

information about a certain feature or function.

7) Appendix

Finally, use the sections in the Appendix as necessary. For example, the

Index will come in handy when you need to quickly find information

on a specific topic. Other sections, such as the Glossary, Trouble-

shooting and Error Messages provide additional useful information.

PRECAUTIONS

vii

Precautions

Your MU80 will give you years of reliable service if you follow the simple

precautions below:

■ LOCATION

Keep the instrument away from locations where it is likely to be exposed to

high temperatures (such as direct sunlight) or humidity. Also avoid loca-

tions which are subject to excessive dust accumulation or vibration which

could cause mechanical damage.

■ USE THE CORRECT POWER ADAPTOR

Use only the recommended PA-1207 Power Adaptor for supplying power

to the instrument. Use of another adaptor may cause serious damage to the

instrument or the adaptor itself.

■

MAKE SURE POWER IS OFF WHEN MAKING OR REMOVING

CONNECTIONS

To prevent damage to the instrument and other connected equipment, al-

ways turn off the power prior to connecting or disconnecting cables. Also,

turn the power off when the instrument is not in use, and disconnect the

power adaptor during electric storms.

■ HANDLE THE INSTRUMENT WITH CARE

Although the instrument has been constructed to withstand the rigors of

normal use for optimum sturdiness and reliability, avoid subjecting it to

strong physical shocks (such as dropping or hitting it). Since the MU80 is a

precision-made electronic device, also avoid applying excessive force to the

various controls. When moving the instrument, first unplug the power adap-

tor and all other cables to prevent damage to cords and jacks. Always un-

plug cables by gripping the plug firmly, not by pulling on the cable.

■ CLEAN WITH A SOFT, DRY CLOTH

Never use solvents such as benzine or thinner to clean the instrument, since

these will damage the cabinet finish or dull the keys. Wipe clean with a

soft, dry cloth. If necessary, use a soft, clean, slightly moistened cloth —

making sure to wipe the case off again with a dry cloth.

viii

PRECAUTIONS

■ ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE

Avoid using the unit near televisions, radios or other equipment generating

electromagnetic fields. Proximity to such equipment may cause the unit to

malfunction, and may generate interference noise in the other appliance as

well.

■ DO NOT OPEN THE CASE OR TRY REPAIRING THE INSTRUMENT

YOURSELF

The instrument contains no user-serviceable parts. Never open the case or

tamper with the internal circuitry in any way, since doing so may result in

damage to the instrument. Refer all servicing to qualified Yamaha service

personnel.

■ MIDI CABLES

When connecting the instrument to other MIDI equipment, be sure to use

only high-quality cables made especially for MIDI data transmission. Also,

avoid using cables longer than 15 meters, since long cables can result in

data errors.

Yamaha is not responsible for damage caused by improper han-

dling or operation.

THE CONTROLS OF THE MU80

The Controls of the MU80

Front Panel

A/D INPUT jack

For connection of a microphone, electric guitar or other electronic instrument.

(Accepts either stereo or mono 1/4" plugs.)

A/D INPUT level control

For control of the A/D input level.

PHONES jack

For connection to a set of stereo headphones (mini-pin).

POWER/VOL control

Pressing this turns the power on and off. Turning it adjusts the overall volume

of the MU80.

PLAY button

For entering the Play mode and switching among the different Play displays.

(See page 34.)

UTIL (UTILITY) button

For entering the Utility mode. (See page 15.)

MODE button

For entering the Sound Module mode. (See page 34.)

EDIT button

For entering the Edit mode. (See page 44.)

THE CONTROLS OF THE MU80

EFFECT button

For entering the Effect Edit mode. (See page 86.)

EQ button

For entering the EQ Edit mode. (See page 96.)

MUTE/SOLO button

Pressing this alternately mutes or solos the selected Part. (See page 23.)

ENTER button

For calling up menu items in the display and for executing certain functions

and operations. Double-clicking this (pressing it twice quickly) calls up the

System Exclusive hexadecimal message for the current function and param-

eter value.

EXIT button

For leaving various display pages and returning to previous displays. Also for

canceling certain functions and operations.

PART -/+ buttons

For selecting different Parts. In the Effect Edit mode, these can be used to

switch among the different effects. Pressing these together enters and exits

from All Part control. (See page 17.)

SELECT </> buttons

For selecting the various menu items, parameters and controls on the display.

VALUE -/+ buttons

For changing the value of a selected parameter or control.

THE CONTROLS OF THE MU80

Rear Panel

MIDI THRU, MIDI OUT and MIDI IN A/B terminals

For connection to other MIDI devices, such as a MIDI keyboard, tone genera-

tor, sequencer, or to a computer that has a MIDI interface. MIDI IN A and B

are independent MIDI ports, allowing full 32-channel MIDI input. MIDI OUT

is for data dumps to another MIDI device, while MIDI THRU is for “daisy-

chain” connection of additional MU80s or other MIDI instruments. (See page

12 for more information on MIDI connections.)

HOST SELECT switch

For electing the type of host computer. (See page 12.)

TO HOST terminal

For connection to a host computer that does not have a MIDI interface. (See

page 26.)

DC IN jack

For connection to the PA-1207 AC power adaptor.

OUTPUT R, L/MONO jacks (Right, Left/Mono)

For connection to a stereo amplifier/speaker system. When using a mono sys-

tem, connect it to the L/MONO jack.

34 5

THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO

The MU80 — What It Is and What It Can Do

What It Is…

The MU80 is a compact, highly portable and easy-to-use tone generator. It

features full General MIDI Level 1 compatibility with 128 General MIDI

Voices and 9 drum kits. It also provides new XG-MIDI (Extended General

MIDI) compatibility, with a total of 537 Voices and 11 drum kits. The

MU80 has 64-note polyphony and is 32-Part multi-timbral. In other words,

the MU80 has 32 different Parts, each with its own Voice, so that up to 32

different Voices can be sounded simultaneously. Since the MU80 features

dual MIDI input ports (A and B), 16 Parts can be played from one MIDI

port and the remaining 16 from the other port.

The MU80 also has a TO HOST terminal for easy interfacing with a

computer, allowing you to play the Voices using your favorite music soft-

ware. This is where the advanced multi-timbral capabilities come in, letting

you playing sophisticated arrangements using up to 32 different Voices at

the same time.

The MU80 also features a special Performance mode, in which four Parts

are played simultaneously over a single MIDI channel. Connected to a MIDI

keyboard, this effectively gives you four tone generators in one. The MU80

gives you two sets of 64 factory-programmed Preset Performances plus 128

Internal Performance locations for your own original Performances.

About General MIDI

General MIDI is a new addition to the worldwide MIDI standard. MIDI, as

you know, stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, and makes it

possible for various electronic musical instruments and other devices to

“communicate” with each other. For example, by connecting a sequencer

to the MU80’s MIDI IN terminal, you could play back a song on the

sequencer using the Voices of the MU80.

So, where does General MIDI fit in all of this? One of the most impor-

tant features of General MIDI is in the standardization of Voices. This

means that a song recorded in the General MIDI format can be played back

on any General MIDI compatible tone generator and sound just as the com-

poser intended. For example, if there is an alto sax solo in the song, it will

be played by an alto sax Voice on the General MIDI tone generator (and

not by a tuba or harpsichord!). Since the MU80 is fully compatible with

General MIDI, you can take advantage of the vast wealth of musical mate-

rial recorded in that format.

THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO

What It Can Do…

Here are a few ideas on how you can use the MU80. The list below is not

comprehensive, but is meant to be a general guide to the possibilities and

provide a starting point or springboard for your own creative ideas and ex-

plorations.

Using With MIDI Keyboard

Use the MU80 as supplementary tone generator with your MIDI keyboard

and play the Voices of both instruments in a layer together. Or, use the con-

venient Performance mode, and play four Voices on the MU80 at once. You

can split the four Voices across the keyboard, playing each from a different

Voice is heard depending on how strongly you play the keyboard. Or use

keyboard and velocity splits together for even greater flexibility.

Using With a Computer or Sequencer

Home Studio Setup

The MU80 integrates instantly and easily into any existing setup. If you

have a MIDI keyboard, computer and sequencing software, the MU80 with

its high-quality Voices and multi-timbral capabilities can expand your home

studio system.

Carry It With You

If you have a laptop computer (and sequencing software), simply connect

the MU80, plug in some headphones and you’ve got a complete, high-pow-

ered music making system that’s ready to go wherever you go. Use it for

composing, arranging, practicing or making/playing demos for your band.

Multimedia

Since it’s portable and compatible with General MIDI, the MU80 is a natu-

ral for multimedia applications. Bring it with you to a presentation — since

the computer interface is built-in to the MU80, it hooks up instantly and

easily to the computer’s serial port or printer port, without the need for any

other equipment.

THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO

About the Modes of the MU80

The MU80 has two main operating modes: Multi and Performance. In

Multi mode, the MU80 is a 32-Part multi-timbral tone generator; in Per-

formance mode, the MU80 effectively functions as four tone generators

controlled over a single MIDI channel.

Which mode the MU80 is in depends on the selected Sound Module

mode. If XG, TG300B or C/M are selected, the MU80 automatically sets

itself to the Multi mode. When PFM is selected, the MU80 is in the Per-

formance mode.

The bottom right of the display indicates the currently selected Sound Mod-

ule mode.

Selected Sound Module mode.

Play Modes and the Part Controls

Once the operating mode of the MU80 is set (Multi or Performance), there

are two main ways you can use the MU80: playing and editing. In the Play

modes, you play the Voices; in the various Edit modes, you change their

settings.

Within the Play modes are the Part controls. These let you make basic

settings for the Parts. The Single Part controls allow you to make independ-

ent settings for each Part, while the All Part controls allow you to change

the overall settings of all Parts. (See page 36 for more information.)

Sound Module Mode

TG300B

C/M

Performance

THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO

The MU80 has several different Edit modes, each with various menus and

operations:

Part Edit Mode

Filter

Cutoff Frequency

Resonance

EG Attack Time

EG Decay Time

EG Release Time

Pitch EG Initial Level

Pitch EG Attack Time

Pitch EG Release Level

Pitch EG Release Time

Play Mode

Part 1 … 32 All Part A/D

Receive Channel Device Number Receive Channel

Bank Number Source Variation

Program Number A/D Source

Volume Master Volume Volume

Expression Master Attenuator Expression

Pan Pan

Reverb Send Reverb Return Reverb Send

Chorus Send Chorus Return Chorus Send

Variation Send Variation Return Variation Send

Note Shift Transpose

THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO

Vibrato

Vibrato Rate

Vibrato Depth

Vibrato Delay

Others

Detune

Part Mode

Mono/Poly Mode

Velocity Sensitivity Depth

Velocity Sensitivity Offset

Note Limit Low

Note Limit High

Portamento Switch

Portamento Time

Velocity Limit Low

Velocity Limit High

Dry Level (VarConnect=SYS)

Pitch Bend Control

MW LFO Pitch Moduration Depth

THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO

Performance Edit Mode

Part

Filter

Cutoff Frequency

Resonance

EG Attack Time

EG Decay Time

EG Release Time

Pitch EG Initial Level

Pitch EG Attack Time

Pitch EG Release Level

Pitch EG Release Time

Vibrato

Vibrato Rate

Vibrato Depth

Vibrato Delay

Others

Detune

Mono/Poly Mode

Velocity Sensitivity Depth

Velocity Sensitivity Offset

Note Limit Low

Note Limit High

Portamento Switch

THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO

Portamento Time

Velocity Limit Low

Velocity Limit High

Dry Level (VarConnect=SYS)

MW LFO Pitch Moduration Depth

MW LFO Filter Moduration Depth

Pitch Bend Control

Assignable Control 1 Filter Control

Assignable Control 1 Amplitude Control

For more information on each of these modes and their menus, see the re-

spective sections in the Reference section.

Utility Mode

The Utility mode lets you set functions related to the overall operation of

the MU80, such as Master Tune, display Contrast and reception of certain

MIDI messages that affect the entire instrument. Included also are miscel-

laneous operations, such as sending bulk data to a data storage device, ini-

tializing of the MU80 settings, and playing the special Demo song.

Part Edit Mode

The Part Edit mode allows you to change certain settings for each indi-

vidual Part, such as those of the Filter, EG (Envelope Generator), and many

other settings. The internal Voices can be sounded during editing, allowing

you to hear the effects of your edits.

UIDED

OUR

When using your MU80 for the first time, read through this

short section of the manual. It guides you step-by-step in us-

ing many of the basic operations: setting the instrument up,

connecting it properly to other equipment, and — most im-

portantly — playing it.

Chorus Distortion Dump EffectEQ

Initialize Reverb System Utility Variation

GUIDED TOUR

Setting Up Your MU80

In this introductory section, you’ll learn how to set up the MU80 for use

with a MIDI keyboard. (Setting up for use with a computer is covered on

page 26.)

What You’ll Need

☛ The MU80 and the included power adaptor.

☛ A MIDI keyboard, electronic piano, or any instrument that can output

MIDI data.

☛ An amplifier/speaker system, preferably stereo. Alternately, you can use

a set of stereo headphones.

☛ Audio connecting cables.

☛ A MIDI cable.

Making the Connections

CAUTION!

Before making any connections, make sure that all equipment to be connected is turned off,

and that the MU80 power adaptor is not connected to an electrical outlet.

Operation

1 Connect one end of the MIDI cable to the MIDI OUT terminal of

the MIDI keyboard and the other to MIDI IN-A of the MU80 (as

shown in the illustration below).

2 Connect the audio cables from the R and L/MONO OUTPUT

jacks of the MU80 to the appropriate inputs on the amplifier

speaker system (as shown in the illustration below).

If the amplifier has only one input, use the L/MONO jack on

the MU80. If you are using stereo headphones, connect them to

the front panel PHONES jack.

3 Set the HOST SELECT switch on the MU80 to MIDI.

4 Connect the power adaptor to the DC IN terminal on the MU80

and plug the adaptor into an appropriate electrical outlet.

GUIDED TOUR

CAUTION!

● Do not attempt to use an AC adaptor other than the PA-1207. The use of an incompatible

adaptor may result in irreparable damage to the MU80, and even pose a serious shock

hazard.

● Be sure to disconnect the power adaptor from the outlet when the MU80 is not in use.

MIDI Keyboard

MIDI OUT

MIDI IN-A

MIDI CABLE

Amplifier

Speaker System

PHONES

DC INL/MONO

Power

Adaptor



GUIDED TOUR

Powering Up and Playing the Demo Song

Once you’ve connected everything properly, you’re ready to turn the MU80

on and start playing it. However, a small word of caution before you begin:

Follow the instructions given below to avoid possible damage to your

equipment and speakers.

Powering Up

Operation

1 If you haven’t done so already, press the POWER/VOL control

on the MU80.

After the greeting display, the following display will appear:

2 Turn on the power of your MIDI keyboard.

3 Make sure that all volume controls (on the MU80 and the con-

nected amplifier) are turned down. Then, turn on the power of

your amplifier speaker system.

4 Finally, set the volume control on the MU80 to about the mid-

way position and set the volume on the amplifier to a suitable

level.

GUIDED TOUR

Playing the Demo Song

Now that you’ve set everything up properly, try playing the built-in Demo

Song. This showcases the high-quality Voices and the AWM2 tone genera-

tion system of the MU80.

Operation

1 Press the UTILITY button.

2 Select “DEMO” with the SELECT w buttons and press the

ENTER button.

3 Press the ENTER button to start the Demo Song.

The Demo Song starts playing immediately and repeats indefinitely

until stopped (in step 4 below). Playback of the individual Parts of

the song is shown graphically by the “level meter” bars in the dis-

play.

NOTE

During Demo Song playback, all panel controls (except the EXIT button and the VOLUME

control) cannot be used.

4 To stop playback of the song, press the EXIT button.

5 To exit from the Demo Song function, press the EXIT button

again.

GUIDED TOUR

Playing Your MU80 With a MIDI Keyboard

Operation

Play some notes on your MIDI keyboard.

If you’ve carefully followed all instructions up to now, one of

the “level meter” bars in the display should move — and you

should be able to hear the sound of the MU80 as you play.

NOTE

If your MIDI keyboard is transmitting on channel 1, the Voice of Part 1 should sound. If it is

transmitting on another channel, another Part’s Voice will sound. For the sake of these intro-

ductory instructions, set your keyboard so that it transmits on channel 1. (Refer to the own-

er’s manual of that instrument if necessary.)

The “level meter” bar indicates the “level” (velocity) of the

incoming MIDI data.

The number under the moving “level meter” indicates the Part number.

GUIDED TOUR

Selecting Voices

In this brief section, you’ll learn how to select other Voices. You can do this

directly from the panel of the MU80 or remotely, from your MIDI key-

board.

Operation

1 First, select a Part. Use the PART q buttons to select Part 1.

Press the appropriate button until “01” appears in the PART sec-

tion of the display.

2 Use the SELECT w buttons to move the arrow cursor to the

right side of the instrument icon, as shown below.

3 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the Voice number. In

the display below, Voice number 26 has been selected.

Voice name.

Voice number (program number).

Instrument icon of current Voice.

MIDI receive channel for current Part.

Part number. (This is selectable only with the PART q buttons.)

Solid arrow at Voice number (currently selected).

Arrow cursor (indicates currently selected control).

The arrow is directly above “PGM#” on the panel,

indicating that Program Number is currently selected.

Use these to move arrow cursor.

GUIDED TOUR

Play this new Voice from the keyboard. Try selecting other Voices and play

them as well. (For a list of all the available Voices, refer to the SOUND

LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

HINT

You can rapidly move through the values by holding down one of the VALUE q buttons.

You can move even more rapidly by holding down one button and then pressing and hold-

ing down the other. For example, to rapidly advance (increase) the value, hold down the

VALUE + button and simultaneously press and hold down the VALUE – button.

Changing the Voice Bank

In the current Sound Module mode (XG), several banks of Voices are available.

Each bank can contain up to 128 different Voices.

Operation

1 Use the SELECT w buttons to move the arrow cursor to the left side of

the instrument icon, as shown below.

Solid arrow at Bank number (currently selected).

Bank number.

Arrow cursor (indicates currently selected control).

The arrow is directly above “BANK” on the panel,

indicating that Bank number is currently selected.

Use these to move arrow cursor.

GUIDED TOUR

2 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the Bank number.

3 Finally, use the SELECT w buttons again to move the arrow cursor back

to the right side of the instrument icon — for Voice selection.

Selecting Voices From Your MIDI Keyboard

You can also select Voices remotely from the connected MIDI key-

board. Though the actual operation may differ depending on the

keyboard used, the general procedure is the same. (Refer to the

owner’s manual of your instrument for specific instructions.)

Operation

1 Make sure that your keyboard is set up to send Program Change

messages.

2 Use the panel controls to select a program on your keyboard.

Generally, if everything has been set up properly, the Voice number

and name on the MU80 will change, and will be the same number

as the program number you selected on your keyboard.

GUIDED TOUR

Changing Some of the Settings — Part Controls

You can make changes to each individual Part by using the Part controls.

These are always displayed in the Play mode, giving you at-a-glance con-

firmation of the various basic settings of the MU80. Let’s take a look at the

Play display again:

Each of these settings can be made independently for each of the Parts. For

example, each Part could have a different Volume setting, or a different Pan

setting. Try going through the brief sections below and making some

changes in the Part controls yourself.

Selecting another Part and changing its MIDI channel

Here we’ll select Part 2 and change its MIDI channel to 1, so that it

matches the MIDI channel of Part 1. This allows you to play the Voices of

both Part 1 and Part 2 over MIDI channel 1.

Voice name, bank number and program number

for the selected Part.

Note Shift setting

for the selected Part.

Chorus Send setting for the

selected Part.

Reverb Send setting for the

selected Part.

Variation Send setting

for the selected Part.

Pan setting for the selected Part.

Expression setting for the selected Part.

MIDI receive channel for the selected Part.

Volume setting for the selected Part.

Part number.

GUIDED TOUR

Operation

1 Use the PART q buttons to select Part 2.

Part 2.

2 Use the SELECT w buttons to call up the “Rcv CH” display

below.

Current MIDI Receive Channel.

3 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the MIDI Receive Chan-

nel to “A01.”

4 Finally, use the SELECT w buttons to move the arrow cursor

back to the instrument icon (so that the Voice name is displayed),

and play the MIDI keyboard again.

Both “level meter” move together.

If both Parts 1 and 2 have been set to MIDI channel 1, both of their “level

meters” should move together as you play. And, if the two Parts are set to

different Voices, you should hear two different Voices sound at the same

time. (To change the Voice for a Part, refer back to Selecting Voices above.)

GUIDED TOUR

Changing the Volume and Pan settings of a Part

Now that you’re playing two Voices at the same time, you may want to ad-

just their settings. Here, we’ll change the Volume and Pan settings of one

Part’s Voice.

Operation

Use the PART q buttons to select the desired Part (Part 1 or 2).

2 Use the SELECT w buttons to call up the “Volume” display

below.

Current Volume setting.

3 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the setting, and play the

keyboard as you make changes.

4 Now that you’ve adjusted the Volume balance of the two Voices,

change one of the Part’s Pan setting. Use the SELECT w but-

tons to call up the “Pan” display below.

Current Pan setting.

5 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the setting, and play the

keyboard again as you make changes.

If you want, try making changes to some of the other Part controls. The

procedure is the same: 1) Use the PART q buttons to select a Part, 2)

use the SELECT w buttons to choose the desired control, and 3) use

the VALUE q buttons to change the setting. For more information on

the Part controls, see page 36.

GUIDED TOUR

Using Mute/Solo

The MU80 has convenient Mute and Solo functions for selectively muting

or soloing any of the 32 Parts and A/D Parts A1 and A2. This is especially

useful when playing back several Parts from a connected computer or

sequencer. Mute lets you silence one Part to hear how all of the other Parts

sound without it. Solo lets you isolate a single Part, to hear how that Part

sounds by itself.

Mute and Solo are effective tools that help you as you edit the Parts,

since they allow you to better hear how the changes you make affect spe-

cific Voices as well as the overall sound.

Operation

While playing the keyboard (or during playback of a song from a

sequencer), press the MUTE button. Each press cycles through the

three functions: Mute, Solo and Normal operation.

The selected Part is muted, while all other Parts sound normally.

The selected Part is soloed, while all other Parts are muted.

All Parts sound normally.

GUIDED TOUR

Using the A/D Input

The MU80 features a special A/D (Analog-to-Digital) Input function that

allows you to connect a microphone, electric guitar or other instrument and

mix in those signals with the MU80’s Voices. A/D Input is perfect for sing-

ing along with your keyboard performance, since it allows you to blend the

two signals without the need for an external mixer. Or you can use it to sing

or play guitar over backing tracks played from a MIDI sequencer. There are

two A/D Parts — A1 and A2 — and they include several different pre-pro-

grammed settings that take advantage of the built-in effects of the MU80.

Operation

1 Turn down the A/D INPUT control on the front panel.

2 Connect the microphone or instrument to the A/D INPUT jack.

3 Use the PART q buttons to select Part A1.

GUIDED TOUR

4 Use the SELECT w buttons to move the arrow cursor to

PGM#, as shown below, and use the VALUE q buttons to se-

lect number 002.

5 Move the arrow cursor to BANK (with the SELECT w buttons)

and use the VALUE q buttons to select the type of input: Mic,

Guitar, Keyboard or Audio. This determines the gain level of the

input. Select the type corresponding to the input you’ll use.

6 Slowly bring up the A/D INPUT control on the front panel and

play the instrument (or sing into the microphone) until the level

is appropriate.

7 Now, move the arrow cursor back to PGM# (with the SELECT

w buttons) and try selecting some different A/D programs

(with the VALUE q buttons).

The available programs have been specially programmed to suit the type of

input selected. For example, programs for Mic input include Karaoke and

Vocal; Guitar input programs include Tube, Stack and Phaser. Explore

some of these settings on your own with a microphone and different instru-

ments.

GUIDED TOUR

Setting Up the MU80 in Your Music System

As you learned in the section The MU80 — What It Is and What It Can

Do on page 4, the MU80 can be integrated into a variety of setups. It would

be impossible to cover all connection possibilities in a short manual as this;

however, the section below will help in quickly setting up the MU80 and

using it in your system.

Connecting With a Computer

The MU80 features a built-in host computer interface, allowing you to di-

rectly connect it to your computer — eliminating the need of installing a

special MIDI interface to your computer. The MU80 can be used with the

following computers: Apple Macintosh, IBM PC and the NEC PC-9800

Series.

If your computer has a MIDI interface you may want to connect the

MU80 to it, rather than using the host computer interface on the MU80.

(See the section “Connecting to Other MIDI Devices” on page 28.)

Depending on the computer or interface used, set the HOST SELECT

switch to the appropriate setting: MIDI, PC-1 (NEC computers), PC-2

(IBM and clones), or Mac (Macintosh). For information on the types of ca-

bles that can be used for connection, see the section “MIDI/Computer

Connecting Cables” on page 32.

Macintosh

Follow these instructions if you have an Apple Macintosh not equipped

with an external MIDI interface. Connect the TO HOST terminal on the

MU80 to the Modem or Printer port on the Macintosh.

Modem or

Printer Port

Macintosh

GUIDED TOUR

Operation

1 Set the HOST SELECT switch to Mac.

2 Connect the MU80 to the host computer, as shown in the illus-

tration above. Use a standard Macintosh cable (8-pin Mini DIN

on both ends; see page 32).

3 Turn on the the host computer, then the MU80.

4 Start up your music software, and set up the appropriate options

on the software for operation with the MU80.

The options you may have to set include:

MIDI Interface Type

Standard MIDI Interface

MIDI Time Piece

On (for controlling all 32 Parts of the MU80)

Clock

1 MHz

Other options and settings may have to be made as well. Refer to the own-

er’s manual of your particular music software for more information.

IBM PC and Clones

Follow these instructions if you have an IBM PC/AT or compatible computer

not equipped with an external MIDI interface. Connect the TO HOST termi-

nal on the MU80 to one of the computer’s serial ports, COM 1 or COM 2.

Serial Port

IBM PC/AT or Compatible Computer

NOTE

Your music software must be able to recognize the TO HOST connection. Consult your

Yamaha dealer for more details. If your software is not compatible, you can still use the

MU80 by installing a MIDI interface (internal card or external) to the computer.

GUIDED TOUR

Operation

1 Set the HOST SELECT switch to PC-2.

2 Connect the MU80 to the host computer, as shown in the illus-

tration above. Use a standard computer cable (8-pin Mini DIN

to 9-pin D-SUB; see page 32).

3 Turn on the the host computer, then the MU80.

4 Start up your music software, and set up the appropriate options

on the software for operation with the MU80.

Refer to the owner’s manual of your particular music software for more in-

formation.

Connecting to Other MIDI Devices

The MU80 is equipped with MIDI IN and OUT terminals, allowing you to use

it in any MIDI system. Example uses for the built-in MIDI interface include:

☛ Connecting to a MIDI keyboard (for playing the sounds of the MU80

from that keyboard).

☛ Connecting to a computer equipped with a MIDI interface (either in-

ternal or external).

☛ Connecting to a hardware sequencer (such as the Yamaha QY300).

☛ Connecting to a MIDI data storage device (such as the Yamaha MDF2

MIDI Data Filer).

Sequencer

MIDI OUT MIDI IN

MIDI CABLE

GUIDED TOUR

MDF2

MIDI IN MIDI INMIDI OUT MIDI OUT

MIDI CABLE

MIDI Keyboard

MIDI IN MIDI INMIDI OUT MIDI OUT

MIDI CABLE

Operation

1 Set the HOST SELECT switch to MIDI.

2 Connect the MU80 to the appropriate MIDI device, as shown in

the illustrations above. Use a standard MIDI cable (see page 32).

3 Turn on the the connected device, then the MU80.

4 If you are using a computer, start up your music software, and

set up the appropriate options on the software for operation with

the MU80.

GUIDED TOUR

Using the MU80 with a MIDI Data Storage Device

You can also use the MU80 with a MIDI data storage device, such as the

Yamaha MDF2 MIDI Data Filer. This lets you save or back up whatever

changes you’ve made in the settings of the Utility and Part Edit modes, as

well as changes to the EQ built-in effects and Performances. Then, when

you want to recall those settings, you can transfer the appropriate data from

the storage device.

The MDF2 also allows you to play compatible song data on the MU80

directly from the MDF2 itself, without the need of a sequencer.

Make sure that the MU80 is properly connected to the data storage de-

vice (via MIDI). (Refer to page 28 for the connection example.) Use the

Dump Out function (page 102) to send data to the device. Also refer to the

owner’s manual of your data storage device for specific operating instruc-

tions in receiving or sending data.

GUIDED TOUR

Data Flow Block Diagram

When HOST SELECT switch is set to MIDI (31,250 bps):

Sound

Module

A1~16CH

TO HOST IN-B IN-A OUT THRU

Sound

Module

B1~16CH

When HOST SELECT switch is set to PC-1/Mac (31,250 bps):

Sound

Module

A1~16CH

TO HOST IN-B IN-A OUT THRU

Sound

Module

B1~16CH

When HOST SELECT switch is set to PC-2 (38,400 bps):

Sound

Module

A1~16CH

TO HOST IN-B IN-A OUT THRU

Sound

Module

B1~16CH

GUIDED TOUR

MIDI/Computer Connecting Cables

MIDI

Standard MIDI cable. Maximum length 15 meters.

DIN 5-PIN DIN 5-PIN

2 (GND)

Mac

Apple Macintosh Peripheral cable (M0197). Maximum length 2 meters.

MINI DIN

8-PIN

MINI DIN

8-PIN

2 (HSK i)

1 (HSK o)

5 (RxD –)

4 4 (GND)

5 3 (TxD –)

6 8 (RxD +)

7 7 (GP i)

8 6 (TxD +)

PC-1

8-pin MINI DIN to D-SUB 25-pin cable. If your PC-1 type computer has a

9-pin serial port, use the PC-2 type cable. Maximum length 1.8 meters.

MINI DIN

8-PIN

D-SUB

25-PIN

5 (CTS)

4 (RTS)

3 (RxD)

4 7 (GND)

5 2 (TxD)

PC-2

8-pin MINI DIN to D-SUB 9-pin cable. Maximum length 1.8 meters.

MINI DIN

8-PIN

D-SUB

9-PIN

8 (CTS)

7 (RTS)

2 (RxD)

4 5 (GND)

5 3 (TxD)

This concludes your basic tour of the important functions of the MU80. To find out

more about how to best use your MU80, look through the Reference section that fol-

lows and try out some of the functions and operations that interest you.

EFERENCE

The Reference section of this manual covers in detail all of

the functions of the MU80. Refer to it when you need infor-

mation about a specific function, feature or operation.

Chorus Distortion Dump EffectEQ

Initialize Reverb System Utility Variation

MULTI MODE

Multi Mode

In the Multi mode, the MU80 performs as a multi-timbral tone generator capa-

ble of playing up to 32 Parts simultaneously, over 32 MIDI channels. Normally,

the MU80 should be set to Multi mode when using it with a sequencer and

General MIDI song data. There are three Multi modes: XG, TG300B and C/M.

Each mode provides compatibility with different music software and hardware.

XG: This stands for Extended General MIDI and provides the full poten-

tial of the MU80, giving you access to all 537 Voices.

TG300B: This mode provides compatibility with the GM-B mode of the TG300

Tone Generator.

C/M: This mode provides compatibility with most computer music soft-

ware not supported by the other two Multi modes.

NOTE

When set to the TG300B mode, the MU80 may not be able to play TG300-specific song data with complete

accuracy. However, MIDI data designed for other computer music tone generators is compatible with the MU80.

To set the Multi mode:

1 Press the MODE button.

2 Use theg SELECT w buttons to select the desired Multi mode:

XG, TG300B or C/M.

3 Press the EXIT button or the PLAY button to return to the Play

display.

The currently selected mode setting is shown by the arrow at the bottom

right of the display.

TG300B

C/M

PERFORMANCE

Indicates currently selected mode.

MULTI MODE

Multi Play Mode

The Play mode (with the main Play display shown below) is the normal op-

erating mode of the MU80. To select the Play mode from any other mode,

press the PLAY button. (The Play mode is also automatically selected

when you turn on the MU80.)

NOTE

Applications that are capable of controlling 32 Parts (e.g., Performer) are set to a clock rate of

1 MHz.

Play Displays

The Play mode has three basic displays, that can be changed according to

your preference. Simply press the PLAY button repeatedly, and the display

alternates as shown below:

Shows full “level meter” indication for the A1 and A2 A/D Parts and Parts

1 … 16. Currently selected parameter (here, Voice number and name) is

displayed at the right side.

Voice number and name for

currently selected Part.

MIDI port (A or B) and channel number for currently selected Part.

Current Part number.

Velocity “level meters” for each Part.

MULTI MODE

Parts 17 … 32 can be displayed by selecting one of those Parts with the

PART q buttons. For example, when Part 18 is selected, the changes

as shown below:

Shows half “level meter” indication for the A1 and A2 A/D Parts and all 32

Parts. Currently selected parameter (here, Voice number and name) is dis-

played at top.

Shows full “level meter” indication for the A1 and A2 A/D Parts and all 32

Parts. Currently selected parameter is not displayed.

Part Controls

The Part controls in the Play mode give you tools for adjusting the basic

sound and settings for each Part. The MU80 lets you adjust the various set-

tings for each Part individually (Single Part control) or together (All Part

control). Each of these types is explained in greater detail below.

NOTE

In the Multi mode, no settings can be permanently saved to the internal memory of the

MU80. However, you can use the Dump Out function to save Multi settings to a MIDI data

storage device. (See page 102.)

MULTI MODE

Single Part Control

The Single Part controls include: MIDI Receive Channel, Bank Number,

Program Number, Volume, Expression, Pan, Reverb Send, Chorus Send,

Variation Send and Note Shift.

Selecting Single Part Control

Single Part control is automatically called up when the MU80 is turned on.

If All Part is selected, simply press both PART q buttons simultane-

ously (or press the EXIT button) to return to Single Part.

Editing in Single Part

Operation

1 Select the Part to be edited by using the PART q buttons.

2 Select the desired control for the selected Part by using the

SELECT w buttons.

3 Change the value of the selected control by using the VALUE

q buttons.

MIDI Receive Port/Channel

Settings: A1 … A16, B1 … B16

This determines the MIDI IN port (A or B) and the receive channel

(1 … 16) for the selected Part.

MULTI MODE

Bank Number

Settings:

XG: 000, 001, 003, 006, 008, 012, 014, 016 … 020, 025, 027,

028, 032 … 043, 045, 064 … 072, 096 … 101, SFX

TG300B:000 … 011, 016 … 019, 024 … 026, 032, 033, 040, 080,

126, 127

C/M: Fixed (only one bank)

This determines the bank number of the selected Part’s Voice. Each

bank contains 128 Voices. (Refer to the SOUND LIST & MIDI

DATA booklet.

Program (Voice) Number

Range: 1 … 128

This determines the Voice for the selected Part. (Refer to the

SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

Volume

Graphically indicates current Volume setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the Volume setting for the selected Part’s Voice.

MULTI MODE

Expression

Graphically indicates current Expression setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the Expression setting for the selected Part’s Voice.

Pan

Graphically indicates current Pan setting.

Settings: Rnd (Random), L63 … C … R63

This determines the stereo position of the selected Part’s Voice. A

setting of “Rnd” (Random) randomly assigns the Voice to a pan po-

sition. This is useful when you want to have different Voices sound

from different random parts of the stereo image. (The Random set-

ting does not affect the A/D input Parts.)

Reverb Send

Graphically indicates current Reverb Send setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the level of the selected Part’s Voice that is sent to the

Reverb effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” Voice sound.

NOTE

Keep in mind that the Reverb effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to

work as intended. (See page 86.)

MULTI MODE

Chorus Send

Graphically indicates current Chorus Send setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the level of the selected Part’s Voice that is sent to

the Chorus effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” Voice

sound (no Chorus effect).

NOTE

Keep in mind that the Chorus effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to

work as intended. (See page 88.)

Variation Send

Graphically indicates current Variation Send setting.

Settings: off, on (when Variation Connection is set to INS);

0 … 127 (when Variation Connection is set to SYS)

This determines whether the selected Part’s Voice is sent to the Vari-

ation effect or not. A setting of “off” results in no Variation effect

being applied to the Voice.

Note Shift

Graphically indicates current Note Shift setting.

Range: –24 … +24 semitones

This determines the key transposition setting for the Part’s Voice.

MULTI MODE

All Part Control

The All Part controls include: Device Number, Master Volume, Master

Attenuator, Reverb Return, Chorus Return, Variation Return and Transpose.

Keep in mind that these controls affect all Parts equally, and either add

to or subtract from their individual values. For example, if Note Shift on

one Part is set to –12, and Transpose (in All Part) is set to +12, that Part’s

pitch value will actually be 0 or normal.

Selecting All Part Control

To select All Part control, press both PART q buttons simultaneously. (or

press the EXIT button). (“All” appears in the PART section of the display.)

Editing in All Part

Operation

1 Select the desired control for all Parts by using the SELECT

w buttons.

2 Change the value of the selected control by using the VALUE

q buttons.

Device Number (DevNo.)

Graphically indicates current Device Number setting.

Settings: 1 … 16, all

This determines the Device Number for the MU80, a kind of MIDI

“identification” number to distinguish between multiple units. For

MULTI MODE

example, if you are using more than one MU80, set a different De-

vice Number for each. This is especially important when using the

data dump features. (See page 102.) If you have only one MU80, set

this to “all.”

Master Volume (M.Volum)

Graphically indicates current Master Volume setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the overall Volume of the Parts.

Master Attenuator (M.Attn)

Graphically indicates current Master Attenuator setting.

Range: 0 (maximum volume) … 127 (minimum volume)

This determines the level of all Parts, but functions as an attenuator; the

greater the value, the lower the volume. This is useful when you are

playing several songs and want to keep their overall level consistent.

Reverb Return (RevRtn)

Graphically indicates current Reverb Return setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the amount of Reverb return in the overall mix.

MULTI MODE

Chorus Return (ChoRtn)

Graphically indicates current Chorus Return setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the amount of Chorus return in the overall mix.

Variation Return (VarRtn)

Graphically indicates current Variation Return setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the amount of Variation return in the overall mix.

Variation Return is only available when the Variation Connection

parameter is set to SYS. (See page 91.)

Transpose

Graphically indicates current Transpose setting.

Range: –24 … +24 semitones

This determines the overall Transpose setting of the Parts.

MULTI MODE

Multi Edit Mode

The Multi Edit mode features various parameters for controlling the Filter,

the EG (Envelope Generator) and Vibrato. It also features a variety of other

miscellaneous controls grouped in the Others parameters. When a Drum

Part is selected, Drum-related parameters are also available.

To enter the Multi Edit mode, press the EDIT button. When a normal

Part is selected, the following menu appears:

When a Drum Part is selected, the following menu appears:

Filter

The MU80 features a digital filter that can be used to change the timbre of

the Voices. The filter is affected (together with the level) by the EG (Enve-

lope Generator), which allows you to change the timbre over time as well.

(See EG, page 46.)

Part Edit Mode

Filter

Cutoff Frequency

Resonance

MULTI MODE

Cutoff Frequency

Graphically shows Cutoff Frequency setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the cutoff frequency of the filter, or the frequency

point above which other frequencies are filtered out. Lower cutoff

values create a deeper, more rounded tone, while higher values cre-

ate a thinner, brighter tone.

Cutoff

Frequency

Low (–64) High (+63)

Level

Resonance

Graphically shows Resonance setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

MULTI MODE

Part Edit Mode

EG Attack Time

EG Decay Time

EG Release Time

Pitch EG Initial Level

Pitch EG Attack Time

Pitch EG Release Level

Pitch EG Release Time

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the amount of filter resonance or emphasis of the

Cutoff Frequency parameter above. Higher values increase the em-

phasis of the Cutoff Frequency, producing a higher resonant peak,

while lower values produce a relatively flat response.

Lower

Resonance

Higher

Resonance

Level

Resonant Peak

Cutoff Frequency

EG (Envelope Generator)

The EG parameters allow you to shape the sound of a Part’s Voice — or, in

other words, set how the level and timbre of the Voice changes over time.

This section also includes independent Pitch Envelope Generator (PEG) pa-

rameters for controlling how the pitch of a Part’s Voice changes over time.

The relationship of the main EG parameters — Attack, Decay and Re-

lease — are shown in the illustration below. These parameters not only affect

the sound level, but also the timbre (with the Filter parameters; see page 44).

MULTI MODE

1) Short Attack, Decay, Release times:

Level

Attack Decay Release

Time

Key is releasedKey is pressed

Min.

Max.

2) Long Attack, Decay, Release times:

Level

Attack Decay Release

Time

Key is releasedKey is pressed

Min.

Max.

Keep in mind that the EG parameters affect each other, and are af-

fected by how long a note is held. For example, if Decay is set to a

low value and the note is held for a long time, you may not be able

to hear changes made to the Release parameter.

EG Attack Time

Graphically shows EG Attack Time setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Even though the key is held for the same length of time in both examples,

the sound of the second example slowly reaches full volume and decays

over a longer time. It also sustains longer after the key is released.

MULTI MODE

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the Attack Time of the EG, or how long it takes for

the sound to reach full volume when a note is played. For the Filter,

this determines how long it takes for the sound to be affected by the

maximum Filter values.

EG Decay Time

Graphically shows EG Decay Time setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the Decay Time of the EG, or how rapidly the

sound dies out as a note is held. For the Filter, this determines how

long it takes for the Filter effect to die out.

EG Release Time

Graphically shows EG Release Time setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the Release Time of the EG, or how long the sound

sustains after a note is released. For the Filter, this determines how

long the Filter effect continues after a note is released.

MULTI MODE

Pitch EG Parameters

The Pitch EG parameters determine how the pitch of a Part’s Voice

changes over time. This lets you produce subtle or pronounced pitch

changes as a note is played.

In the example Pitch EG settings below, a played note is gradu-

ally bent up to its normal pitch, and kept there as the note is held.

When the note is released, the pitch rapidly climbs up.

Normal

Pitch

Time

Key is released

Low

High

NOTE

The Pitch EG parameters may have little or no effect, depending on the particular Voice used

and the settings made to the main EG parameters.

Pitch EG Initial Level (PEGInitLvel)

Graphically shows Pitch EG Initial Level setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the initial pitch of the Part’s Voice, when the note is

first played. A setting of 0 corresponds to normal pitch.

MULTI MODE

Pitch EG Attack Time (PEGAtakTime)

Graphically shows Pitch EG Attack Time setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the Attack Time of the Pitch EG, or how long it

takes for the pitch to return to normal (from the pitch value set in

Initial Level above).

Pitch EG Release Level (PEGReleLvel)

Graphically shows Pitch EG Release Level setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the final pitch of the Part’s Voice, or the pitch that

is reached after the note is released. A setting of 0 corresponds to

normal pitch.

NOTE

The Pitch EG Release Level and Time parameters may have no effect if the Voice itself does

not sustain after the note is released. (Short percussive Voices may fall into this category.)

Also make sure that the main EG Release Time is set to an appropriate value so that the sound

sustains.

MULTI MODE

Pitch EG Release Time (PEGReleTime)

Graphically shows Pitch EG Release Time setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the Release Time of the Pitch EG, or how long it

takes for the pitch to change to the pitch value set in Release Level

above.

Vibrato

Vibrato produces a quavering, vibrating sound in the Part’s Voice, by regu-

larly modulating the pitch. You can control the speed and depth of the Vi-

brato, as well as the time it takes before the Vibrato effect is applied.

Vibrato Rate

Graphically shows Vibrato Rate setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Part Edit Mode

Vibrato

Vibrato Rate

Vibrato Depth

Vibrato Delay

MULTI MODE

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the speed of the Vibrato effect. Higher values result

in a faster Vibrato sound.

Vibrato Depth

Graphically shows Vibrato Depth setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the depth of the Vibrato effect. Higher values result

in a stronger, more pronounced Vibrato sound.

Vibrato Delay

Graphically shows Vibrato Delay setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –64 … +63

Default: 0

This determines the delay in the onset of the Vibrato effect. Delay is

effective especially on stringed instrument Voices. For example, vio-

lin players often use delayed vibrato, especially while playing long

notes. The Delay parameter is useful in recreating this effect, pro-

ducing a more natural, lifelike sound. Higher values result in a

longer Delay time.

MULTI MODE

Others

The Others section of parameters contains miscellaneous controls, includ-

ing those related to tuning, Part Mode, velocity, portamento, note range,

etc.

Detune

Graphically shows Detune setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Part Edit Mode

Others

Detune

Part Mode

Mono/Poly Mode

Velocity Sensitivity Depth

Velocity Sensitivity Offset

Note Limit Low

Note Limit High

Portamento Switch

Portamento Time

Velocity Limit Low

Velocity Limit High

Dry Level (VarConnect=SYS)

Pitch Bend Control

MW LFO Pitch Moduration Depth

MULTI MODE

Range: –12.8 … +12.7

Default: 0.0

This determines the fine tuning of the Part’s Voice.

HINT

Detune could be used to slightly detune a Voice compared to the tuning of the rest of the

Voices for a richer sound. It could also be used to detune two different Voices being played

in unison. For example if two different Parts are set to the same MIDI channel (see page 37)

and same Voice, a naturally thick chorusing effect can be obtained by slightly detuning each

Voice in opposite directions here.

Part Mode

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Height of bars indicates selected Part Mode setting for each Part. (A

single bar indicates “normal” setting.)

Settings: normal, drum, drumS1 … S4

Default: normal (Parts 1 … 9, 11 … 25, 27 … 32)

drumS1 (Part 10)

drumS3 (Part 26)

(When Sound Module mode is set to C/M, both Parts 10 and 26 are set

to drumS1.)

This determines the mode for the Part. A setting of normal allows selec-

tion of the normal instrument Voices. (See the SOUND LIST & MIDI

DATA booklet.) The drum setting allows selection of the drum kits. (See

the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.) The drumS1 … S4 settings

are locations for storing specially programmed drum setups. These setups

can be edited by using the Drum Setup controls in the Multi Edit mode.

(See page 61.) The drum and drumS1 … S4 settings are not available in

the Performance mode.

The Part Mode settings differ depending on the Sound Module mode

selected, as described below.

For XG (Extended General MIDI) mode:

All settings described above are available. When normal is selected,

any of the basic or the extended set of Voices can be used for the Part.

MULTI MODE

For TG300B mode:

The settings normal and drumS1 … S4 are available; drum cannot be

selected. When normal is selected, either the basic or the extended set

of Voices (for the TG300B mode) can be used for the Part.

For C/M mode:

The Part Mode settings are fixed in this mode and cannot be changed:

Parts 10 and 26 are set to drumS1, and all other Parts are set to nor-

mal. The MIDI Receive Channel setting for Parts 1 and 17 is set to off.

The 128 Voices of C/M Type 1 can be used for Parts 1 … 9 and 17 …

25; the 64 Voices of C/M Type 2 can be used for Parts 11 … 16 and 27

… 32.

For PFM (Performance) mode:

All four Parts are set to normal; none of the drum settings are avail-

able. Any of the basic or the extended set of Voices can be used for each

Part.

NOTE

When two or more different Parts are set to the same editable drum setup (drumS1 … S4),

any edits made to that drum setup automatically affect all those Parts. For example, when

two Parts are set to drumS1, any changes made to drumS1 affect both Parts.

Mono/Poly Mode

Height of bars indicates selected Mono/Poly Mode setting for each

Part. (A single bar indicates “mono” setting, while full height indicates

“poly.”)

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Settings: mono, poly

Default: poly

This determines whether the Part’s Voice is played monophonically

(only one note at a time) or polyphonically (up to 64 notes at a

time). This parameter is not available when the Part Mode is set to

Drum.

MULTI MODE

Velocity Sensitivity Depth (VelSensDpt)

Graphically shows Velocity Sensitivity Depth setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: 0 … 127

Default: 64

This determines the degree to which velocity affects the Part’s Voice.

Higher values make the Voice more sensitive to changes in velocity.

Velocity Sensitivity Offset (VelSensOfs)

Graphically shows Velocity Sensitivity Offset setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: 0 … 127

Default: 64

This determines the volume range over which velocity affects. For

lower values, the velocity affects a volume range from minimum to

medium-loud. For higher values, velocity affects a range from me-

dium-soft to maximum.

Level

127

at 127

at 64

at 0

Velocity

NOTE

Depending on the Voice used, if Velocity Sensitivity Offset is set to too low of a value, the

Voice may not sound, no matter how strong the velocity.

MULTI MODE

Note Limit Parameters

The Note Limit Low and High parameters allow you to set the range

of notes for a Part’s Voice. Notes outside the range will not be

played.

HINT

Note Limit can be used to set up keyboard splits. Set two Parts to the same MIDI channel

(see page 37), but give them Note Limit settings so that one Part is played from the left side of

the keyboard and the other is played from the right.

Note Limit Low (NoteLimitL)

Graphically shows Note Limit Low setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: C-2 … G8

Default: C-2

This determines the lowest responding note for the Part. Notes be-

low this value will not be played.

Note Limit High (NoteLimitH)

Graphically shows Note Limit High setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: C-2 … G8

Default: G8

This determines the highest responding note for the Part. Notes

above this value will not be played.

MULTI MODE

Portamento Parameters

Portamento is a function that creates a smooth pitch glide from one

note to another.

Portamento Switch (PortametSw)

Height of bars indicates selected Portamento Switch setting for each

Part. (A single bar indicates “off” setting, while full height indicates

“on.”)

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Settings: off, on

Default: off

This determines whether Portamento is on or off for the Part. (This

parameter is not available for Drum Parts.)

Portamento Time (PortametTm)

Graphically shows Portamento Time setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: 0 … 127

Default: 0

This determines the time of the Portamento effect, or how long it

takes to glide the pitch from one note to the next. Higher values re-

sult in a longer pitch glide time. (This parameter is not available for

Drum Parts.)

Velocity Limit Parameters

The Velocity Limit Low and High parameters allow you to set the

effective velocity range for a Part’s Voice. Velocity values outside

the range will not be played. (Velocity is generally the strength at

which notes are played from a MIDI keyboard.)

MULTI MODE

HINT

Velocity Limit can be used to set up velocity splits. A velocity split allows you to have one Part’s

Voice sound when you play the connected keyboard strongly, and a different Voice sound when

you play softly. Set two Parts to the same MIDI channel (see page 37), but give them different Veloc-

ity Limit settings so that one or the other sounds depending on how strongly you play the keyboard.

Velocity Limit Low (VelLimitLo)

Graphically shows Velocity Limit Low setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: 1 … 127

Default: 1

This determines the lowest velocity value at which the Part’s Voice

will play. The higher the value, the harder the keyboard must be

played for the Voice to sound.

Velocity Limit High (VelLimitHi)

Graphically shows Velocity Limit High setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: 1 … 127

Default: 127

This determines the highest velocity value at which the Part’s Voice

will play. The lower the value, the less strength needed (in playing

the keyboard) to get maximum volume.

sound

1 127

VelLimitLo VelLimitHi

MULTI MODE

Dry Level

Range: 1 … 127

Default: 127

This determines the level of the unprocessed sound of the Voice

(sound with no effect processing). This parameter is only available

when the Variation Connection parameter is set to SYS. (See page

91.)

Pitch Bend Control (PitBndCtrl)

Graphically shows Pitch Bend Control setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: –24 … +24 semitones (+/– 2 octaves)

Default: +2

This determines the Pitch Bend range for the Part’s Voice. (Pitch Bend

is usually controlled by a pitch bend wheel on a MIDI keyboard.)

Modulation Wheel — LFO Pitch Modulation Depth

(MW LFOPMod)

Graphically shows LFO Pitch Modulation Depth setting for each Part.

Selected Part and MIDI channel

Range: 0 … 127

Default: 10

This determines how widely the pitch is modulated by the LFO (low

frequency oscillator). This is generally controlled from a modulation

wheel on a MIDI keyboard and produces a vibrato effect. The higher

the value, the deeper the pitch modulation, and hence, the more pro-

nounced the vibrato effect.

MULTI MODE

Drum Setup Controls

The Drum Setup controls allow you to make a wide variety of settings for

the drum sounds in a Drum Part. These settings include Pitch controls,

Level, Pan, effect send, filter controls and EG (Envelope Generator), among

others. Moreover, these parameters can be set to completely independent

values for each of the drum sounds in a Part.

Calling Up the Drum Setup Menu

To call up the Drum Setup menu, select a Part for which a Drum Part has

been assigned. The Drum Setup controls automatically come up in the Edit

mode. For example, if Part 10 is assigned a Drum Part, the Drum Setup

menu will appear in the main Edit menu:

Use the SELECT w buttons to select “DRUM” in the display, and

press the ENTER button.

Currently selected parameter name and value.

Currently selected note and assigned drum sound.

Use these to select the note number.

(Can also be selected by pressing appropriate

key on connected MIDI keyboard.)

Use these to change the parameter value.

Use these to select the parameter.

MULTI MODE

Operation

1 Select the desired note number and its assigned drum sound with

the PART q buttons.

For a list of the available sounds and their note assignments, see

the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

HINT

You can also select the desired note number by simply pressing the appropriate key on a

connected MIDI keyboard.

2 Select the desired parameter with the SELECT w buttons.

Refer to the descriptions below for details on the individual pa-

rameters.

3 Change the parameter value with the VALUE q buttons.

Drum Setup Parameters

Pitch Coarse

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the coarse pitch setting of the selected drum sound.

This parameter is only available when the Part Mode has been set to

DrumS1 … S4. (See page 54.)

Pitch Fine

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the fine pitch setting of the selected drum sound.

Level

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the volume of the selected drum sound.

Pan

Settings: Rnd (Random), L63 … C … R63

This determines the stereo position of the selected drum sound. A

setting of “Rnd” (Random) randomly assigns the drum to a pan po-

sition. This is useful when you want to have different drums sound

from different random parts of the stereo image.

Reverb Send (Rev Send)

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the level of the selected drum sound that is sent to

the Reverb effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” drum

sound, no matter how much Reverb is applied to the Drum Part.

MULTI MODE

NOTE

Keep in mind that the Reverb effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to

work as intended. (See page 86.) Also, the parameters Reverb Send in Single Part control

(page 39) and Reverb Return in All Part control (page 42) must be set to appropriate values.

Chorus Send (Cho Send)

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the level of the selected drum sound that is sent to

the Chorus effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” drum

sound, no matter how much Chorus is applied to the Drum Part.

NOTE

Keep in mind that the Chorus effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to

work as intended. (See page 88.) Also, the parameters Chorus Send in Single Part control

(page 40) and Chorus Return in All Part control (page 43) must be set to appropriate values.

Variation Send (Var Send)

Settings: off, on (when Variation Connection is set to INS);

0 … 127 (when Variation Connection is set to SYS)

This determines the level of the selected drum sound that is sent to the

Variation effect. A setting of off results in a completely “dry” drum

sound, no matter how much Variation is applied to the Drum Part.

NOTE

Keep in mind that the Variation effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to

work as intended. (See page 89.) Also, the Variation Send parameter in the Part controls must

be set to on. (See page 40.)

Cutoff Frequency (CutoffFreq)

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the cutoff frequency of the filter applied to the se-

lected drum sound, or the frequency point around which other fre-

quencies are filtered out. Lower cutoff values create a deeper, more

rounded tone, while higher values create a thinner, brighter tone.

Cutoff

Frequency

Low (–64) High (+63)

Level

MULTI MODE

Resonance

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the amount of filter resonance or emphasis of the

Cutoff Frequency parameter above. Higher values increase the em-

phasis of the Cutoff Frequency, producing a higher resonant peak,

while lower values produce a relatively flat response.

Lower

Resonance

Higher

Resonance

Level

Resonant Peak

Cutoff Frequency

Alternate Group (AlterGroup)

Settings: off, 1 … 127

This determines the group assignment of the selected drum sound.

Drums assigned to the same group cannot be sounded simultane-

ously. In other words, if one drum in a group is sounding while a

second in the same group is played, the first drum sound will be cut

off and the second will sound.

HINT

The main use for this parameter is in creating realistic hi-hat sounds. By assigning an open

hi-hat and a closed hi-hat to the same group, you can “choke” or stop the open hi-hat sound

by simply playing the closed hi-hat — just like pressing the pedal on an actual hi-hat set.

Receive Note On (RcvNoteOn)

Settings: on, off

Default: on

This determines how the selected drum sound responds to MIDI

Note On messages. Normally, this should be set to on so that the

corresponding drum sound plays when a MIDI Note On message is

received. Set this to off when you want to keep the selected drum

sound from playing.

MULTI MODE

Receive Note Off

Settings: on, off

Default: off

This determines how the selected drum sound responds to MIDI

Note Off messages. When this is set to on, the selected sound will

stop in response to the corresponding MIDI Note Off message. An

on setting is good for some sustained sounds (like a whistle), or for

key-controlled cymbal “chokes.” For most drum sounds, however,

this should be set to off so that the drum sound plays back in its en-

tirety (is not cut off).

EG Attack

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the Attack Time of the EG (Envelope Generator),

or how long it takes for the sound of the selected drum sound to

reach full volume when a note is played. (See page 46 for more in-

formation about the EG function; also see illustration below.)

EG Decay 1

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the Decay 1 time of the EG, or how rapidly the

sound dies down to the Decay 2 level. (See illustration below.)

Higher values result in a longer Decay time.

EG Decay 2

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the Decay 2 time of the EG, or how rapidly the

sound dies out completely. (See illustration below.) Higher values

result in a longer Decay time.

Level

EG Attack

EG Decay 1

EG Decay 2

Time

PERFORMANCE MODE

Performance Play Mode

To set the Performance mode and call up Performance Play:

1 Press the MODE button.

2 Use the SELECT w button to select “PFM” (PERFORMANCE).

3 Press the EXIT button or the PLAY button to return to the Play

display.

Indicates Performance mode.

TG300B

C/M

PERFORMANCE

Performance Mode

In the Performance mode, the MU80 performs as a four-Part tone generator,

with all Parts controlled over a single MIDI channel. The Performance mode is

so named because it’s ideally suited to live performance situations. It allows

you to play four different Voices at the same time from your MIDI keyboard —

either in a layer, or in sophisticated keyboard and velocity splits. It also gives

you comprehensive control over each of the four Parts for maximum perform-

ance flexibility. A total of 256 Performances are available: 64 × 2 Preset and

128 Internal.

NOTE

Drum Parts are not available in the Performance mode.

PERFORMANCE MODE

Selecting a Performance and its Individual Parts

To call up a Preset or Internal Performance and select individual

Parts of that Performance:

From the Performance Play mode (see section above), press the PART

buttons simultaneously, so that the All Part display is shown.

Indicates All Part display.

NOTE

The display is automatically set to All Part when the Performance Play mode is selected.

2 Use the SELECT w buttons to select the Bank parameter, then

use the VALUE q buttons to select the desired bank, Preset

(Pre) or Internal (Int).

Preset bank:

Internal bank:

Bottom half of keyboard player icon is shown in reverse

display to indicate Preset Performance bank.

Top half of keyboard player icon is shown in reverse

display to indicate Internal Performance bank.

PERFORMANCE MODE

3 Use the SELECT w buttons to select the Program Number pa-

rameter, then use the VALUE q buttons to select the desired

Performance number.

Performance number

4 From the All Part display, press the PART q buttons simulta-

neously, so that the Single Part display is shown.

Indicates currently selected Part.

5 Select the desired Part by using the PART q buttons.

6 Select the desired Voice bank for the Part by using the SELECT

w buttons to select the Bank parameter, and using the VALUE

q buttons to change the bank number.

7 Select the desired Voice for the Part by using the SELECT w

buttons to select the Program Number parameter, and using the

VALUE q buttons to change the Voice number.

To return to the All Part display from the Single Part display, either

press the PART

buttons simultaneously, or press the EXIT

button.

PERFORMANCE MODE

Performance Part Control

Single Part

Bank Number

Settings:

XG: 000, 001, 003, 006, 008, 012, 014, 016 … 020, 025, 027,

028, 032 … 043, 045, 064 … 072, 096 … 101, SFX

TG300B: 000 … 011, 016 … 019, 024 … 026, 032, 033, 040, 080,

126, 127

C/M: Fixed (only one bank)

This determines the bank number of the selected Part’s Voice. Each

bank contains 128 Voices. (Refer to the SOUND LIST & MIDI

DATA booklet.

Program (Voice) Number

Range: –1 … 128

This determines the Voice for the selected Part. (Refer to the

SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

PERFORMANCE MODE

Volume

Graphically indicates current Volume setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the Volume setting for the selected Part’s Voice.

Pan

Graphically indicates current Pan setting.

Settings: Rnd (Random), L63 … C … R63

This determines the stereo position of the selected Part’s Voice. A

setting of “Rnd” (Random) randomly assigns the Voice to a pan po-

sition. This is useful when you want to have different Voices sound

from different random parts of the stereo image.

Reverb Send (Rev Send)

Graphically indicates current Reverb Send setting.

Range: –0 … 127

This determines the level of the selected Part’s Voice that is sent to the

Reverb effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” Voice sound.

NOTE

Keep in mind that the Reverb effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to

work as intended. (See page 86.)

PERFORMANCE MODE

Chorus Send (Cho Send)

Graphically indicates current Chorus Send setting.

Range: –0 … 127

This determines the level of the selected Part’s Voice that is sent to

the Chorus effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” Voice

sound (no Chorus effect).

NOTE

Keep in mind that the Chorus effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to

work as intended. (See page 88.)

Variation Send (Var Send)

Graphically indicates current Variation Send setting.

Settings: off, on (when Variation Connection is set to INS);

0 … 127 (when Variation Connection is set to SYS)

This determines whether the selected Part’s Voice is sent to the Vari-

ation effect or not. A setting of off or 0 results in no Variation effect

being applied to the Voice.

Note Shift (NoteSft)

Graphically indicates current Note Shift setting.

Range: –24 … +24 semitones

This determines the key transposition setting for the Part’s Voice.

PERFORMANCE MODE

All Part

System MIDI Channel (Sys CH)

Graphically indicates current System MIDI Channel setting.

Settings: 1 … 16, all

This determines the MIDI receive channel for all Parts of the Per-

formance. When this is set to “all,” the Performance responds over

any incoming MIDI channel.

Performance Bank

Settings: Pre (Preset), Int (Internal)

This determines the bank of Performance programs: Preset or Inter-

nal. Preset Performances are those that have been created and loaded

at the factory; the Internal bank is reserved for user-created Perform-

ances.

Performance Number

Range: 1 … 128

This determines the Performance number.

PERFORMANCE MODE

Performance Volume (Pfm Vol)

Graphically indicates current Performance Volume setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the overall Volume of the Performance.

Performance Pan (Pfm Pan)

Graphically indicates current Performance Pan setting.

Range: –L63 … C … R63

This determines the overall Pan position of the Performance.

Reverb Return (RevRtn)

Graphically indicates current Reverb Return setting.

Range: –0 … 127

This determines the amount of Reverb return for the Performance in

the overall mix.

PERFORMANCE MODE

Chorus Return (ChoRtn)

Graphically indicates current Chorus Return setting.

Range: –0 … 127

This determines the amount of Chorus return for the Performance in

the overall mix.

Variation Return (VarRtn)

Graphically indicates current Variation Return setting.

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the amount of Variation return in the overall mix of

the Performance. Variation Return is only available when the Varia-

tion Connection parameter is set to SYS. (See page 91.)

System Transpose (SysTran)

Graphically indicates current Transpose setting.

Range: –24 … +24 semitones

This determines the overall Transpose setting of the Performance.

PERFORMANCE MODE

Performance Edit Mode

The Performance Edit mode features various functions and parameters,

grouped in the following sections: Common (related to the Performance as

a whole), Part (related to each of the four Parts), and the Copy and Store

operations.

To enter the Performance Edit mode, press the EDIT button (from the

Performance Play mode). The following menu appears:

Common

The Common parameters allow you to name a Performance, enable the

A/D Parts for a Performance, and set the control change number for

realtime parameter control.

Performance Name (Perform Name)

This allows you to give a name to your edited Performance.

PERFORMANCE MODE

Operation

1 From the Performance Name display, press the ENTER button.

2 Use the SELECT w buttons to select the character position

(flashing character) in the name and use the VALUE q but-

tons to change the character at that position.

Up to 12 characters can be used for the Performance name.

Available characters include all letters of the alphabet, in both

upper and lower case, numbers from 0 to 9, and a variety of mis-

cellaneous characters.

3 Press the EXIT button to return to the previous display (or press

the PLAY button to return to the Play display).

After creating and naming a Performance, you’ll probably want to

save that Performance for future recall. For instructions on saving a

Performance, refer to the Store operation on page 84.

Flashes to indicate character position.

Performance name

Use these to move among character positions.

Use these to change character at selected position.

PERFORMANCE MODE

A/D Part

Height of bars indicates A/D Part setting. (A single bar indicates “off”

setting, while full height indicates “on.”)

Settings: off, on

This determines whether A/D Parts are enabled for the Performance

or not. When set to “on,” Parts 3 and 4 are automatically set as A/D

Parts (A1 and A2).

HINT

You can use the MU80 strictly as an effect processor for the A/D input (for example, your

guitar or microphone) by Soloing the appropriate A/D Part (A1 or A2).

Assignable Controller1 Control Change Number (AC1 CC No.)

Graphically indicates Control Change Number setting.

Range: 0 … 95

This determines which Control Change number will be used for As-

signable Controller 1 in the Performance. Assignable Controller 1

can be used to affect the Filter (page 44), the Amplitude or the Vari-

ation effect (page 89).

HINT

Though this parameter allows you to assign any control change number from 0 to 95, only a

few of these are in common use. The controllers most likely to be encountered include:

01 — Modulation wheel or lever

02 — Breath controller

04 — Foot controller

07 — Volume controller

PERFORMANCE MODE

Some or all of these may be available on your MIDI instrument, and

can be used to control certain functions on the MU80 in real time.

Some MIDI instruments allow you to change the control change

number for a particular controller: for example, setting the modula-

tion wheel (normally 01) to control Volume (07). Refer to the own-

er’s manual of your particular instrument for more information.

Part

Performance Edit Mode

Part

Filter

Cutoff Frequency

Resonance

EG Attack Time

EG Decay Time

EG Release Time

Pitch EG Initial Level

Pitch EG Attack Time

Pitch EG Release Level

Pitch EG Release Time

Vibrato

Vibrato Rate

Vibrato Depth

Vibrato Delay

PERFORMANCE MODE

Others

Detune

Mono/Poly Mode

Velocity Sensitivity Depth

Velocity Sensitivity Offset

Note Limit Low

Note Limit High

Portamento Switch

Portamento Time

Velocity Limit Low

Velocity Limit High

Dry Level (VarConnect=SYS)

MW LFO Pitch Moduration Depth

MW LFO Filter Moduration Depth

Pitch Bend Control

Assignable Control 1 Filter Control

Assignable Control 1 Amplitude Control

The Part menu contains the Filter, EG, Vibrato and Others parameters for

the Performance.

Filter

The Filter section of Performance Edit parameters are the same as the cor-

responding parameters in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 44.)

The EG section of Performance Edit parameters are the same as the corre-

sponding parameters in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 46.)

PERFORMANCE MODE

Vibrato

The Vibrato section of Performance Edit parameters are the same as the

corresponding parameters in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 51.)

Others

The Others section of Performance Edit parameters contains miscellaneous

controls, including those related to tuning, velocity, portamento, note range,

etc. With a few additional parameters, these are the same as the parameters

in the Multi Edit mode.

NOTE

The Part Edit parameter (available in Multi Edit) is not available in Performance Edit mode.

No Drum Parts can be selected for a Performance.

Detune

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 53.)

Mono/Poly Mode

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 55.)

Velocity Sensitivity Depth (VelSensDpt)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 56.)

Velocity Sensitivity Offset (VelSensOfs)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 56.)

Note Limit Low (NoteLimitL)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 57.)

Note Limit High (NoteLimitH)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 57.)

Portamento Switch (PortametSw)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 58.)

PERFORMANCE MODE

Portamento Time (PortametTm)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 58.)

Velocity Limit Low (VelLimitLo)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 59.)

Velocity Limit High (VelLimitHi)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 59.)

Dry Level

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 60.) This parameter is only available when the Variation Con-

nection parameter is set to SYS. (See page 91.)

Modulation Wheel — LFO Pitch Modulation Depth

(MWLFO PMod)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 60.)

Modulation Wheel — LFO Filter Modulation Depth

(MWLFO FMod)

Graphically shows LFO Filter Modulation Depth setting for each Part.

Range: –0 … 127

This determines how widely the filter is modulated by the LFO (low

frequency oscillator). This is generally controlled from a modulation

wheel on a MIDI keyboard and, depending on the character of the

sound, produces a “swoosh” filter sweep effect. The higher the

value, the deeper the filter modulation, and hence, the more pro-

nounced the filter sweep effect.

Pitch Bend Control (PitBndCtrl)

Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See

page 60.)

PERFORMANCE MODE

Assignable Control 1 Filter Control (AC1FilCtrl)

Graphically shows AC1 Filter Control setting for each Part.

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the degree to which Assignable Controller 1 affects

the Filter. A setting of 0 results in no control over the Filter. Negative

settings affect the Filter negatively; in other words, when the control-

ler is at the minimum position, control over the filter is greatest.

In the illustration below, a foot controller is used

as Assignable Controller 1.

For positive values: For negative values:

Minimum

effect

Maximum

effect

Maximum

effect

Minimum

effect

Assignable Control 1 Amplitude Control (AC1AmpCtrl)

Graphically shows AC1 Amplitude Control setting for each Part.

Range: –64 … +63

This determines the degree to which Assignable Controller 1 affects

the Amplitude (level or volume). A setting of 0 results in no control

over the Amplitude. Negative settings affect the Amplitude nega-

tively; in other words, when the controller is at the minimum posi-

tion, control over the Amplitude is greatest.

PERFORMANCE MODE

Copy and Store Operations

The Copy and Store operations allow you to save and organize the Perform-

ances you’ve created.

Copy

The Copy operation allows you to copy the settings of one Performance

program (Preset or Internal) to another Performance number (Internal

only).

Operation

1 From the Performance Edit menu, use the SELECT w buttons

to select “COPY.” Then, press the ENTER button to call up the

Copy operation.

2 Use the SELECT w buttons to select the desired parameter:

memory location, source number or destination number. (The se-

lected parameter flashes.) Then use the VALUE q buttons to

change the value.

PERFORMANCE MODE

3 Press the ENTER button to actually execute the Copy operation.

An “Executing…” message flashes in the display during the op-

eration. When the data has been copied, the MU80 returns to

the Performance Edit menu.

To cancel the operation without copying, press the EXIT button

(before pressing ENTER).

Store

Once you’ve edited or created a Performance, you can save that new Per-

formance for future recall by using the Store operation. Performances can

be saved to any one of the 128 Internal memory locations. With the excep-

tion of the Receive Channel and Transpose (Note Shift) settings made from

the Play screen, all parameter settings in the Play screen and in the Edit,

Effect and EQ modes are saved to the selected Performance number.

Operation

1 From the Performance Edit menu, use the SELECT w buttons

to select “STORE.” Then, press the ENTER button to call up the

Store operation.

Memory location (P = Preset, I = Internal)

Source Performance number

Destination Performance number

Use these to select desired parameter.

Use these to change value.

PERFORMANCE MODE

2 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the destination Perform-

ance number.

3 Press the ENTER button to actually execute the Store operation.

An “Executing...” message flashes in the display during the op-

eration. When the data has been stored, the MU80 returns to the

Performance Edit menu.

To cancel the operation without saving, press the EXIT button

(before pressing ENTER).

Performance number

Use these to change Performance number.

EFFECT EDIT MODE

Effect Edit Mode

The MU80 features a built-in multi-effect processor with five independent dig-

ital effects: Reverb, Chorus, Variation, Distortion and EQ. The first four of these

are controlled in the Effect Edit mode.

In this section, only the effect Types and the global parameters common to

all Types are covered. For descriptions and details on the parameters for each

effect Type, refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

To enter the Effect Edit mode, press the EFFECT button. The following menu

appears:

Reverb (REV)

Reverb recreates the sounds of various performance environments by add-

ing an ambient wash of delays or reflections. Several different types of

Reverb effects are available to simulate the ambience of different sized

rooms.

Explanations of the Reverb Type and Reverb Pan parameters are given

below. For descriptions and explanations for all other Reverb parameters,

refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

Type

EFFECT EDIT MODE

Settings: NO EFFECT, HALL 1, HALL 2, ROOM 1, ROOM 2,

ROOM 3, STAGE 1, STAGE 2, PLATE, WHITE ROOM,

TUNNEL, CANYON, BASEMENT

Default: HALL 1

This determines the Reverb Type. Each Reverb Type has different

values for the rest of the Reverb parameters; for example, Basement

has a Reverb Time of 0.6 seconds, while Canyon has a Reverb Time

of 12.0 seconds.

NOTE

When “NO EFFECT” is selected, Reverb is off and none of the other Reverb parameters are

available (with the exception of the Reverb Pan parameter).

HINT

Generally when using Reverb, you can simply select the particular Type needed, and use it

without bothering to adjust the other parameters. If fine tuning of the Reverb sound is neces-

sary, delve into the other parameters as needed.

Reverb Pan (RevPan)

Range: L63 … C … R63

This determines the Pan position of the Reverb sound, or where it

appears in the stereo image.

For details on the parameters for each Reverb Type, refer to the

separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

EFFECT EDIT MODE

Chorus

The Chorus section uses pitch modulation to create a variety of rich, spa-

cious-sounding effects, including Chorus, Flanger, Symphonic and Phaser.

Explanations of the Chorus Type and Chorus Pan parameters are given

below. For descriptions and explanations for all other Chorus parameters,

refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

Type

Settings: NO EFFECT, CHORUS 1, CHORUS 2, FLANGER 1,

FLANGER 2, SYMPHONIC, PHASER

Default: CHORUS 1

This determines the Chorus Type. Depending on the Type selected,

the specific parameters and values may differ.

Chorus 1 and 2 are used to subtly enhance the sound, and generally make it

richer, fatter and warmer. Flanger uses modulation to create an animated,

swirling motion effect, and produces a characteristic metallic sound. Sym-

phonic also subtly enhances the sound by making a single instrument Voice

sound like several. Phaser is similar to Flanger, but with a stronger and

deeper modulation.

NOTE

When NO EFFECT is selected, Chorus is off and none of the other Chorus parameters are

available (with the exception of the Chorus Pan and Send Chorus to Reverb parameters).

Chorus Pan (ChoPan)

EFFECT EDIT MODE

Range: L63 … C … R63

This determines the Pan position of the Chorus sound, or where it

appears in the stereo image.

Send Chorus to Reverb (SendCho → Rev)

Range: 0 … 127

This determines the level of the Chorus signal sent to and processed

by the Reverb effect. A setting of 0 results in none of the Chorus-

processed signal going to the Reverb.

HINT

Setting this to a relatively high level gives you a more natural sound, since the Chorus-proc-

essed sound is also being processed by the reverb. More unusual effects can be created by

having a long Reverb and setting this to 0, so that the Chorus sound is dry (no Reverb) and

the original sound is “drenched” in Reverb.

For details on the parameters for each Chorus Type, refer to the separate

SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

Variation

The Variation section provides a wealth of additional effects for processing

the Voices of the MU80. It features some of the same effects found in the

Reverb, Chorus and Distortion sections. This is not mere redundancy; it al-

lows you to use two types of Reverb Chorus or Distortion on different Voices.

For example, you may want to have the Flanger effect on one Voice and

Phaser on another. Variation also gives you many special effects not found in

the other sections, such as Delay, Gate Reverb, Wah and Pitch Change.

The Variation section of effects can be applied either to a single se-

lected Part or to all Parts, depending on the connection setting: Insertion or

System. (See About the Effect Connections — System and Insertion on

page 93 for more information.)

Explanations of the Variation Type and other common parameters are

given below. For specific descriptions of Variation Types and explanations

for all other Variation parameters, refer to the separate SOUND LIST &

MIDI DATA booklet.

EFFECT EDIT MODE

Type

Settings: NO EFFECT; HALL 1 & 2; ROOM 1 … 3; STAGE 1 &

2; PLATE; DELAY LCR; DELAY L,R; ECHO; CROSS

DELAY; EARLY REFLECTION 1 & 2; GATE

REVERB; REVERSE GATE; KARAOKE 1 … 3;

CHORUS 1 & 2; FLANGER 1 & 2; SYMPHONIC;

ROTARY SPEAKER; TREMOLO; AUTO PAN;

PHASER; DISTORTION; OVERDRIVE; AMP

SIMULATOR; 3-BAND EQ; 2-BAND EQ; AUTO WAH;

PITCH CHANGE; AURAL EXCITER; TOUCH WAH;

COMPRESSOR; NOISE GATE; THRU

NOTE

When NO EFFECT or THRU is selected for the Type, no Variation effect is applied, and only

the common parameters shown below are available (with the exception of Dry/Wet).

The NO EFFECT setting cancels the Variation effect. When the Variation Connection is set

to SYS (System), the sound can be heard with no effect. When the Variation Connection is set

to INS (Insertion), no sound is output for the Part.

When set to THRU, the sound of the Part (or Parts) is output without any Variation effect.

Generally, when Variation Connection is set to INS (Insertion), you should set the Type to

Thru. When Variation Connection is set to SYS (System), you should set the Type to NO

EFFECT.

Common Parameters (Insertion connection):

Dry/Wet

Range: D63>W … (D=W) … D<W63

Adjusts the level balance of original sound (dry, or D) and processed

sound (wet, or W). A setting of (D=W) results in an equal balance

of dry and wet sound.

Assignable Controller 1 Variation Control (AC1VarCtrl)

Range: 0 … 127

Determines the amount of effect the Assignable Controller has on

the Variation effect.

EFFECT EDIT MODE

Common Parameters (System connection):

Variation Pan (VarPan)

Range: L63 … C … R63

Determines the pan position of the Variation effect.

Send Variation to Chorus (SendVar→Cho)

Range: 0 … 127

Determines the amount of Variation effect sound that is sent to the

Chorus effect.

Send Variation to Reverb (SendVar→Rev)

Range: 0 … 127

Determines the amount of Variation effect sound that is sent to the

Reverb effect.

Variation Connection (VarConnect)

Settings: INS (Insertion), SYS (System)

Determines how the Variation effect is connected in the effect chain

of the MU80. When set to SYS (System), Variation is applied to all

Parts, according to the amount of Variation Send set for each Part.

When set to INS (Insertion), Variation is applied to only the selected

Part, set in Variation Send. (See page 93.)

NOTE

The common parameters above are common to nearly all the Variation effect types. (Excep-

tions are described in the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

Distortion

The Distortion effects give you everything from subtle, warm over-

drive to full-blown, hard-edged distortion. Also included in this sec-

tion is a three-band equalizer program.

Explanations of the Distortion Type, Dry/Wet Balance and Dis-

tortion Part parameters are given below. For descriptions and expla-

nations for all other Reverb parameters, refer to the separate

SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.

The Distortion effects are set up for Insertion routing and can be

applied only to a single selected Part. Refer to About the Effect

Connections — System and Insertion on page 93 for more infor-

mation.

EFFECT EDIT MODE

Type

Settings: THRU, DISTORTION, OVERDRIVE, 3-BAND EQ

This determines the Distortion Type. Distortion and Overdrive have

the same parameters, while the Three-band EQ program has a com-

pletely different set of parameters.

Distortion provides a rich, hard-edged distortion sound. Overdrive recreates

the warm, natural sound of a tube amp being overdriven. Both include tone

controls for the high frequencies. The Three-band EQ program provides

fine tone control of the sound in three separate frequency bands, and in-

cludes special frequency and bandwidth controls for the mid-range.

NOTE

When Thru is selected, no Distortion or EQ is applied, and none of the parameters are avail-

able (with the exception of the Distortion Part parameter).

Dry/Wet Balance

Range: D63>W … (D=W) … D<W63

This determines the balance between the direct, unprocessed signal

(dry) and the Distortion-processed sound (wet). Use this parameter

together with the Output Level parameter above to obtain the de-

sired overall sound.

Distortion Part (Dist Part)

Range: Part 1 … 32, AD 1, AD 2, off

This determines the Part to which the Distortion effect is applied.

Distortion can be applied to only one Part at a time.

HINT

If you wish to use Distortion on one Part and yet have Overdrive on another Part, you can

use the Distortion or Overdrive effect in the Variation section. (See page 89.)

EFFECT EDIT MODE

About the Effect Connections —

System and Insertion

The multi-effects of the MU80 provide not only a wide range of

sound processing controls, but also a flexible system for connecting

them. Unlike simple effect routing schemes on conventional sound

modules that process all voices with the same effects, the MU80

allows you to put independent, special effects on one or two Parts,

as well as use overall effects for processing all 34 Parts together. For

example, you can have a Distortion effect on a guitar Part and a ro-

tary speaker effect for an organ Part, yet still use ambient effects

such as Reverb and Chorus for processing the overall mix.

All the effect sections are connected or routed in one of two ways: System

or Insertion. System applies the selected effect to all 34 Parts, while Inser-

tion applies the selected effect to one specific Part. Reverb, Chorus, and EQ

are all System effects, and Distortion is an Insertion effect. The Variation

effect section, on the other hand, can be configured for either System or

Insertion routing. (This is done from the Variation Connection parameter;

see page 91.) Since System and Insertion are part of the XG MIDI (Ex-

tended General MIDI) format, you can create and play back song data us-

ing the same flexible effect routings on any tone generator or sound mod-

ule having the XG mark.

NOTE

The Variation Connection default setting is Insertion.

The illustrations and explanations below cover the System and Insertion

connections in greater detail.

EFFECT EDIT MODE

When Variation is set to System:

NOTES

●

The Part to which Distortion is applied is determined by the Distortion Part parameter in the Distortion section (page 91).

●

Even though the System routing applies the selected effect to all Parts, you can control how much the Reverb, Chorus and Variat

ion effects are applied to any indi-

vidual Part (with the Reverb Send, Chorus Send and Variation Send parameters in the Single Part controls; see pages 39…40). For the effects to be properly heard, the

Reverb Return, Chorus Return and Variation Return parameters in the All Parts controls must also be set to appropriate values (see pages 42…43).

●

The stereo position of the effects is controlled by the Reverb Pan, Chorus Pan and Variation Pan parameters; see pages 87, 88, 91.

●

You can set Reverb, Chorus and Variation to be routed in parallel or in serial, and you can determine the amount of Variation e

ffect that is sent to Chorus and Reverb,

as well as the amount of Chorus that is sent to Reverb. This is done with the Send Variation to Chorus (page 91), Send Variation to Reverb (page 91), and Send Chorus

to Reverb (page 89) parameters. When these are all set to 0, all three effects are in parallel routing. Higher values for each provide varying degrees of serial routing.

DIST

rev send

cho send

var send

distotion on/off

dry level

part A1

VARIATION

REVERB

reverb return

chorus return

variation return

send chorus to reverb

send variation to chorus

send variation to reverb

DRY LINE

PAN

reverb pan

chorus pan

variation pan

OUT

Thick line indicates stereo signal.

Distortion can be

applied to only one

Part at a time.

CHORUS

VARIATION CONNECTION = SYSTEM

distortion part

DIST

rev send

cho send

var send

distotion on/off

dry level

DIST

rev send

cho send

var send

distotion on/off

dry level

DIST

rev send

cho send

var send

distotion on/off

dry level

part A2

part 1

part 32

EFFECT EDIT MODE

When Variation is set to Insertion:

NOTES

●

As with System above, the Part to which Distortion is applied is determined by the Distortion Part parameter in the Distortion section (page 91). Also, the Part to

which Variation is applied is determined by the Variation Send control in the Single Part controls (page 40).

●

As with System above, the effects cannot be properly heard unless the Reverb Send, Chorus Send and Variation Send parameters in the Single Part controls (pages

39…40) and the Reverb Return and Chorus Return parameters in the All Parts controls are set to appropriate values.

●

The stereo position of the effects is controlled by the Reverb Pan and Chorus Pan parameters. (See pages 87…88.)

●

You can set Reverb and Chorus to be routed in parallel or in serial, and you can determine the amount of Chorus that is sent to

Reverb. This is done with the

Send

Chorus to Reverb parameter (see page 89). When this is set to 0, Reverb and Chorus are in parallel routing. Higher values for each provide varying degrees of serial

routing.

DIST

rev send

cho send

distotion on/off

VAR

variation on/off

dry

distotion part

variation part

part1

REVERB

reverb return

chorus return

send chorus to reverb

part32

DRY LINE

PAN

reverb pan

chorus pan

OUT

Thick line indicates stereo signal.

Distortion can be

applied to only one

Part at a time.

CHORUS

The variation effect can be

applied to only one Part

at a time.

VARIATION CONNECTION = INSERTION

DIST

rev send

cho send

distotion on/off

VAR

variation on/off

dry

DIST

rev send

cho send

distotion on/off

VAR

variation on/off

dry

DIST

rev send

cho send

distotion on/off

VAR

variation on/off

dry

part A1

part A2

EQUALIZER (EQ) EDIT

EQ Type

Graphically shows current EQ settings.

Settings: Flat, Jazz, Pops, Rock, Classic

EQ Type provides five different preset EQ settings, specially pro-

grammed for specific types of music. The Flat setting is a “flat” EQ

preset with no change in equalization. Jazz, Pops, Rock and Clas-

sic each have different EQ settings and frequency bands, specially

suited for those types of music.

Equalizer (EQ) Edit

The Equalizer (EQ) Edit parameters allow you to adjust the overall tone of

the MU80 sound in five separate frequency bands. EQ presets are also pro-

vided for instantly calling up tone settings specially suited for different types

of music.

0 dB

Frequency

Low Lo Mid Mid Hi Mid High

To enter the Equalizer Edit mode, press the EQ button.

EQUALIZER (EQ) EDIT

EQ Frequency Parameters

Thru: 80 Hz, 500 Hz, 1.0 kHz, 4.0 kHz, 8.0 kHz

Jazz: 50 Hz, 125 Hz, 900 Hz, 3.2 kHz, 6.3 kHz

Pops: 125 Hz, 315 Hz, 1.0 kHz, 2.0 kHz, 5.0 kHz

Rock: 125 Hz, 200 Hz, 1.2 kHz, 2.2 kHz, 6.3 kHz

Classic: 80 Hz, 315 Hz, 1.0 kHz, 6.3 kHz, 8.0 kHz

Graphically shows the current EQ settings.

Range: –12 … +12 dB

The remaining EQ parameters let you set the level of each of the

five frequency ranges: low, low-mid, mid, high-mid and high. The

bars in the display show the EQ settings as a frequency “curve,”

with peaks indicating level boosts in the frequency range and val-

leys indicating level cuts. A setting of 0 dB corresponds to no level

change.

NOTE

Changing the EQ Type automatically restores the default Frequency Parameter settings and

cancels any Frequency Parameter settings you have made.

UTILITY MODE

System Functions

The System functions provide various controls of the overall operation of

the MU80, such as Master Tune, Mute and A/D Part Lock, some MIDI re-

ceive filters and a display Contrast control.

Master Tune (M.Tune)

Range: –102.4 … +102.3 cents (approx. +/– 1 semitone)

Default: 0

This determines the overall fine tuning of the MU80’s Voices. It also

affects the pitch of the individual drum/percussion sounds of the

drum kits. Master Tune is especially useful for adjusting the pitch of

the MU80 when playing with other instruments. The actual pitch of

each Voice depends also on the other pitch related parameters: Key

(in Play mode) and Detune (in Edit mode).

NOTE

At around 440 Hz, 1 Hz is approximately equal to 4 cents.

Utility Mode

The Utility mode lets you set functions related to the overall operation of the

MU80, such as Master Tune, display contrast and playing of the Demo Song.

Included also are utility operations, such as various kinds of data transfer with

an external data storage device, and initializing of the MU80 settings.

To enter the Utility mode, press the UTIL button. The following menu appears:

UTILITY MODE

Mute Lock

Settings: off, on

Default: off

This determines whether or not the Part Mute status of the MU80 is

reset when receiving a GM System On or XG System On message.

Generally, this message is automatically transmitted to the MU80 as

part of General MIDI song data. When Mute Lock is set to off, this

resets the Mute status of the Parts on the MU80. If you want to keep

the current Mute settings and disable this reset, set Mute Lock to on.

(For more information on the Mute function, see page 23.)

A/D Part Lock

Settings: off, on

Default: off

This determines whether or not the current parameter values and

Variation effect settings of the A/D Parts are reset when receiving a

GM System On or XG System On message. If you want to keep

the current parameter values and Variation settings of the A/D Parts,

set Mute Lock to on. (This parameter has no effect in the Perform-

ance mode.)

100

UTILITY MODE

EQ Lock

Settings: off, on

Default: off

This determines whether or not the EQ settings of the MU80 are re-

set when receiving a GM System On or XG System On message.

If you want to keep the current EQ settings, set Mute Lock to on.

(This parameter has no effect in the Performance mode.)

Receive General MIDI Exclusive (RcvGMExcl)

Settings: off, on

Default: off

This determines whether GM System On or XG System On messages

are received or not. The on setting allows these messages to be received.

Receive System Exclusive (RcvSysExcl)

Settings: off, on

Default: off

This determines whether System Exclusive messages are received or

not. System Exclusive messages are data specifically (or “exclu-

sively”) related to the MU80. The On setting allows these messages

to be received. This should be to On when receiving bulk data from

a MIDI data storage device. (See page 102.)

UTILITY MODE

101

Receive Bank Select (RcvBankSel)

Settings: off, on

Default: off

This determines whether Bank Select messages are received or not.

Bank Select messages can be sent from another MIDI device to

change the banks of Voices on the MU80. (See page 28.) The On

setting allows Bank Select messages to be received.

Contrast

Range: 1 … 8

This determines the contrast of the display. Adjust this as necessary

for optimum visibility. (At extreme settings, the display may not be

readable.)

Dump Interval (DumpIntrval)

Settings: 50, 100, 150, 200, 300

This determines the length of time the MU80 pauses when sending

blocks of data in the Dump Out functions. If the receiving device

fails to process the data or displays a “buffer full” type message, try

setting this parameter to a higher value and send the data again.

102

UTILITY MODE

Thru Port

Range: 1 … 8

Some MIDI devices and sequencers are capable of transmitting data

over several MIDI “ports,” effectively breaking the 16-channel barrier.

When this data is received via the TO HOST terminal on the MU80,

this parameter determines which MIDI port’s data will be routed

through the MIDI OUT terminal. This allows you to connect another

multi-timbral tone generator to the MU80 and play back data over 48

independent MIDI channels — 32 on the MU80 and another 16 on the

connected tone generator.

Dump Out Functions

The Dump Out functions allow you to save the various settings of the

MU80 (such as settings for Parts, Performances, system, etc.) to a MIDI

sequencer, computer or a MIDI data recorder (such as the Yamaha MDF2

MIDI Data Filer).

The following illustrations show example connections for the Dump

Out functions.

Saving and Restoring Data via MIDI

Bulk Dump data can be sent and received using the MIDI IN and MIDI OUT connections.

MU80

MIDI Data

Recorder

MIDI IN

MIDI OUT

MIDI IN

MIDI OUT

Saving and Restoring Data via TO HOST

Bulk Dump data can be sent and received using the TO HOST connection.

MU80

Computer

(with sequencer or

MIDI librarian

software)

TO HOST SERIAL PORT

UTILITY MODE

103

Operation

1 Make sure that the MU80 is properly connected to the device

and that the HOST SELECT switch is properly set.

When using the MIDI terminals, connect the MIDI OUT of the

MU80 to the MIDI IN of the data recorder. (See the illustrations

above.) Also, set the HOST SELECT switch to MIDI.

When using the TO HOST terminal, make sure that the HOST

SELECT switch is set corresponding to the device to be used. (Re-

fer to page 26 for more on host computer connections.)

2 Press the UTILITY button and select “DUMPOUT,” then press

the ENTER button.

3 From the Dump Out menu, select the type of data to be sent:

All, Multi or Performance. Then, press the ENTER button to call

up the selected data dump.

104

UTILITY MODE

All

This transmits all MU80 data (including Part, Performance, sys-

tem, and all parameter values) to the connected device.

Multi

Settings: 32 Parts, 16 Parts, 32 Parts + A/D, 16 Parts + A/D

This transmits the selected MU80 Multi Part data (including System,

Effect and EQ data) to the connected device. (Use the VA L U E

buttons to select the type/amount of data to be transmitted.)

Performance (PERFORM)

Settings: ALL, I 001 … I 128 (Internal Performance numbers)

This transmits the selected MU80 Performance data to the con-

nected device. (Use the VALUE q buttons to select the type/

amount of data to be transmitted.)

4 From the “Are you sure?” prompt, press the ENTER button to ex-

ecute the operation, or press the EXIT button to cancel it and re-

turn to the Dump Out menu.

UTILITY MODE

105

A “Transmitting…” message appears in the display during the op-

eration. When the transmission is completed, the MU80 returns

to the Dump Out menu.

NOTE

If you have more than one MU80 connected in your MIDI system and wish to send different

sets of data to each, you can specify a different Device Number for each. (See page 41.) You

should set the Device Number on each MU80 you use, before dumping the data to a data

storage device. Then, when you reload the data to the connected MU80s, each unit will au-

tomatically receive only the data that has the corresponding Device Number.

To reload the data from the data recorder back to the MU80:

Make sure that the devices are properly connected (see the Restoring Data

illustrations above), and execute the appropriate data transfer operation

from the data recorder. (Refer to the owner’s manual of that device for in-

structions.) The MU80 automatically receives incoming bulk data.

Initialize Functions

The Initialize functions allow you to restore the factory settings of the

MU80.

NOTE

Since the Initialize functions replace existing data, you should save any and all important

settings to a MIDI data storage device before using these functions. (See page 102.)

Operation

1 Press the UTILITY button and select “INITIAL,” then press the

ENTER button.

106

UTILITY MODE

2 From the Initialize menu, select the type of data to be initialized:

Factory Settings (FactSet), selected Sound Module mode (XGInit,

GM Init, C/MInit, PFMInit) or Drum (DrumInit) Then, press the

ENTER button to call up the selected data dump.

Factory Settings (FactSet)

This restores the original factory settings of the MU80.

Selected Sound Module Mode:

Extended General MIDI (XGInit)

UTILITY MODE

107

General MIDI (GM Init)

Computer Music (C/MInit)

Performance (PFMInit)

One of the four parameters above will be available, depending on the cur-

rently selected Sound Module mode: XG, TG300B, C/M or PFM. Ini-

tializing this parameter restores the original settings for the selected mode.

NOTES

● For the PFMInit setting, only the currently selected Performance will be initialized.

● For XGInit and GM Init, the initialized settings are the same as when the MU80 is reset

upon receiving an XG System On or GM System On message.

Drum (DrumInit)

108

UTILITY MODE

Range: DrumS1 … DrumS4

This restores the original drum settings for the selected Drum

SetupS1 … S4. (Use the VALUE q buttons to select the de-

sired Drum Setup.)

NOTE

This parameter is not available when the MU80 is set to Performance mode.

3 -From the “Are you sure?” prompt, press the ENTER button to ex-

ecute the operation, or press the EXIT button to cancel it and re-

turn to the previous display.

An “Executing…” message appears in the display during the op-

eration. When the operation is completed, the MU80 returns to

the Initialize menu.

Demo Song Play (DEMO)

The Demo Song function in the Utility menu allows you to play the built-

in Demo Song.

Operation

Press the UTILITY button and select “DEMO,” then press the

ENTER button.

2 Press the ENTER button to start the Demo Song.

The Demo Song starts playing immediately and repeats indefinitely

until stopped (in step 4 below). Playback of the individual Parts of the

song is shown graphically by the “level meter” bars in the display.

NOTE

During Demo Song playback, no panel controls (with the exception of the EXIT button and

the VOLUME control) can be used.

UTILITY MODE

109

3 To stop playback of the song, press the EXIT button.

4 To exit from the Demo Song function, press the EXIT button

again.

Sound Module Mode (MODE)

This lets you select the operating mode of the MU80. Press the MODE but-

ton, then use the SELECT w buttons to select the desired Sound Mod-

ule mode: XG (Extended General MIDI), TG300B (General MIDI), C/M

(Computer Music) or PFM (Performance). If XG, TG300B or C/M are se-

lected, the MU80 automatically sets itself to the Multi mode. When PFM

is selected, the MU80 is in the Performance mode. (See page 34.)

The bottom right of the display indicates the currently selected Sound

Module mode.

Press the EXIT button (or any one of the other mode select buttons: PLAY,

EDIT, UTIL, EFFECT or EQ) to use the MU80 in the current mode.

NOTE

When the MU80 is not set to the XG mode and an XG System On message is received, the

MU80 changes to the XG mode after a slight pause of 0.5 seconds.

Arrow indicates selected Sound Module mode.

110

UTILITY MODE

About Cable Messages

The MU80 can receive Cable messages (F5) when the TO HOST terminal

is connected to the serial terminal of a computer. On the MU80, MIDI

receive channels A1…A16 are controlled from Port 1, and channels

B1…B16 are controlled from Port 2. If the software you are using can

address separate MIDI ports, data can be received over 32 channels simul-

taneously, allowing 32 parts to be played with only one serial cable. By

connecting another multi-timbral tone generator to the MIDI OUT terminal

of the MU80 and setting the Thru Port function (page 102) to a value other

than 1 or 2, you can play back data over a total of 48 MIDI channels — 32

on the MU80 and another 16 on the connected tone generator.

Tone Generator

Computer and

Software with

multiple-port

capability

MIDI

OUT

MIDI IN

Port 1: Channels A1…A16

Port 2: Channels B1…B16

Thru Port setting:

3…8

PPENDIX

The Reference section of this manual covers in detail all of

the functions of the MU80. Refer to it when you need infor-

mation about a specific function, feature or operation.

Chorus Distortion Dump EffectEQ

Initialize Reverb System Utility Variation

112

APPENDIX

Chapter 0: Format Overview

Yamaha introduces a new tone-generator control format designed to meet the requirements of

the coming multimedia environment. The new XG format — an extension of the existing GM

format — provides broader capabilities suited to the demands of an increasingly sophisticated

and diversified computerized environment. The new format enables a significantly higher

level of musical expressiveness while at the same time ensuring the continued compatibility

of existing sound data.

Yamaha shall use the XG format as the basis for forthcoming electronic instruments,

acoustic software, and tone-generating LSI circuitry, while working to maintain compatibility

and adaptability among Yamaha models.

Development Background

Tone generators are utilized in a wide range of devices, from musical instruments to commu-

nications devices and computer games.

The first international MIDI standard arose from the need to enable consistent external con-

trol of tone generators on all device types, regardless of manufacturer or model. Because tone

generator voice arrangements tended to vary considerably among manufacturers and models,

however, different MIDI devices often produced different types of sound in response to iden-

tical MIDI instructions.

In 1991 the MIDI standard committee enacted additional specifications, referred to as the

GM (General MIDI) standard, for the purpose of standardizing voice arrangements and im-

proving MIDI uniformity. The GM standard significantly enhanced acoustics compatibility

among complying devices, leading in turn to an expanding base of GM software applications.

But the GM standard also has its limitations. It provides support for only 128 voices, whereas

many users now perceive the need for a greater number of voices suited to a wider range of

musical genres. Users have also indicated a desire for greater control over voice modifica-

tions and effects so as to enable a higher level of expressiveness.

The advent of the computer-based multimedia age has added yet a different perspective,

bringing increased attention to both image and sound technologies. Developments in multi-

media-related sound and music processing parallel recent advances in the area of image com-

pression, and are pointing the way to the future of multimedia.

At present there are two fundamentally different approaches to the handling of sound and

control data. One method is to digitally store sound data at the software side together with the

control data, then send all of the data together to generate the playback. The second method

is to have the software supply just control data to a tone generator on a computer or other

such device. The tone generator processes the incoming data and generates the sound locally.

The first method offers highly realistic sound, but requires immense quantities of data and

locks in a specific set of performance characteristics and voices. The second method requires

far less data while allowing for entirely free variations in voices, tempos, and virtually all

other performance characteristics. The second method is therefore ideal for interactive multi-

media applications such as karaoke and repetitive computer-game sounds.

MIDI-based applications are typical of this second type of approach. As multimedia tech-

nology advances, we face a pressing need to expand this approach to accomodate a larger

number of voices and greater degree of expressive control. This is why Yamaha is pleased to

propose the new XG format — the tone generator format for the 21st century.

APPENDIX

113

Basic Concepts

The XG format maintains the universality and compatibility of the MIDI and GM standards

while significantly increasing the range of expressiveness. It is designed to ensure data conti-

nuity, and to provide equipment manufacturers with considerable flexibility in designing ma-

chines that satisfy its requirements.

Specifically, the XG format does the following.

●

Enables production of extremely expressive sound data

●

Significantly expands available voice types and variations

●

Supports future compatibility of sound data among musical instruments, computers, and

other devices

●

Ensures that data will remain fully usable well into the future

●

Supports standardized handling of new types of effects-inclusive data (such as karaoke

data)

The XG format is founded on the following three principles:

●

Compatibility

●

Scalability

●

Expandability

1 Compatibility

Any XG machine, regardless of model or manufacturer, will provide faithful reproduction of

any XG sound data. Because the XG format maintains downward compatibility with the GM

format, XG machines will also provide correct reproduction of GM sound data.

2 Scalability

Although the XG format provides detailed and extensive specification of voice sets and

voice changes, it does not require XG machines to support the full range of functions.

Designers are free to develop a wide range of products to meet various cost and perform-

ance objectives. Each XG machine will replay XG data in accordance with the machine’s

level of sophistication. If a model does not support a variation voice, it will automatically

play the corresponding basic voice instead. If a model includes a graphic equalizer, it can

take full advantage of graphic equalizer functions so as to control frequency characteris-

tics to best suit the musical genre being played — from lively rock to soothing classical.

3 Expandability

The XG format remains open to enhancements and extensions that will allow it to remain

in step with future product developments.

Additions to the GM format

The XG offers the following extensions to the GM format.

●

Voices: The GM format supports 128 voices. The XG format provides for Bank Select

messages that significantly expand the number of voices supported.

1) Voice Extension by Bank-Select LSB

Variations of basic GM voices are stored in banks. To select a variation, specify the de-

sired bank by sending the appropriate Bank-Select LSB value. Each bank is associated

with a specific type of variation, so that voices are easy to locate.

114

APPENDIX

2) Bank-Select MSB adds an SFX bank

The Bank-Select LSB method is not useful for extension of distinctive SFX voices that

have no meaningful variation. For this reason the XG format supports a full SFX bank

of extension effects, which you can select by sending a Bank-Select MSB value of 40H.

Bank-Select MSB 7H, in contrast, can be used to set any channel to rhythm-part play.

●

Voice Modification: The XG format allows creation of extremely expressive control data

that can darken or lighten voices, delay or accelerate sound start-up, or implement many

other types of control. Most controls are issued by Control Change commands, although

System Exclusive messages are also used.

●

Effects: The XG format offers high-level effects support, enabling control of effects types,

circuit operation, and internal parameter settings for both basic and elaborate effects. De-

vices equipped with graphic equalizers will be able to modify ambience and sound to suit

the specific type of music being played.

●

External Input: Whereas existing tone generators create sound in response to internal data

only, the XG format provides for real-time participation by adding support for input of exter-

nal audio signals. External signals can be processed by the mixer in the same way as internal

tone-generator data. A model that supports this function would allow you, for example, to cre-

ate karaoke data that can automatically set the microphone echo used for playback.

New MIDI messages not available under GM format

1. Control Change

Bank Select

Portamento Time

Portamento

Sostenuto

Soft Pedal

Harmonic Content

Release Time

Attack Time

Brightness

Portamento Control

Effects Send Level 1 (Reverb)

Effects Send Level 2 (Chorus)

Effects Send Level 3 (Variation)

RPN Data Increment/Decrement

NRPN Part Parameter Control

RPN

All Sound Off

Reset All Controllers

All Notes Off

2. Channel Mode Messages

3. Polyphonic Aftertouch

4. Channel Aftertouch

APPENDIX

115

5. System Exclusive Messages

Parameter Change

System Parameters

Effects Parameters

Three categories of system effects are supported. One of these categories can

be switched with insertion effects.

Graphic EQ and multiple insertion effects are supported as options.

Part Parameters

Filter cutoff and AEG value can be controlled by offset.

Display Parameters

External-Input Control Parameters

Enable control of external signals input into internal mixer.

Drum Setup Parameters

Bulk Dump

Parameter Request

Dump Request

Chapter 1: MIDI Specifications

1. Key On/Key Off

Status: 9nH/8nH

If multipart parameter “Rcv NOTE MESSAGE” is OFF, the part ignores these messages.

If rhythm part’s “Rcv NOTE OFF”= OFF, the rhythm part ignores the Key Off message.

2. Program Change

Status: CnH

Default: 00H

If multipart parameter “Rcv PROGRAM CHANGE” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

Melody Voice

As indicated in MU80 Sound List & MIDI Data booklet. Voices can be added through use of Bank Select LSB.

(Refer to description of Bank Select, below.)

Rhythm Voices

As indicated in MU80 Sound List & MIDI Data booklet. Program Change message can be used to change the

voice (drum kit). If the tone generator does not have a drum kit corresponding to the specified program number,

it will ignore the message and continue to use the current drum kit.

3. Pitchbend

Status: EnH

Default: 40H 00H

If multipart parameter “Rcv PITCH BEND” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

116

APPENDIX

4. Control Change

Status: BnH

If multipart parameter “Rcv CONTROL CHANGE” is OFF, the part will continue to accept

Channel Mode messages but will ignore all other Control Change messages.

Bank Select MSB/LSB: 00H/20H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

0 Bank Select MSB 0:Normal 64:SFX voice 126:SFX kit 127:Drum

32 Bank Select LSB 0 to 127

Default: 00 00H

If multipart parameter “Rcv BANK SELECT” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

The new bank selection does not become effective until receipt of the next Program

Change message.

The Bank-Select MSB selects melody voice, SFX voice, or rhythm kit. The MSB allows any

channel to be designated for rhythm play.

It also allows the user to mix standard GM voice sets with voice sets that are exclusive to

the specific tone generator. Bank-Select MSB values are as follows.

00H: Melody voice

01H to 3FH: not used

40H: SFX voice

41H to 7DH: not used

7EH: SFX kit (SFX voices arranged over keyboard)

7FH: Rhythm kit (Rhythm voices arranged over keyboard)

Note that Channel 10 is exclusively for rhythm voices and does not recognize Bank Select

MSB/LSB.

The Bank-Select LSB selects from the extended melody-voice set. (SFX kit and rhythm

kit voices do not currently support Bank-Select LSB extension sets.) Each bank is set for a

specific type of variation, simplifying retrieval of the desired voice.

Extension voices, like basic voices, are associated with voice names (see MU80 Sound List

& MIDI Data booklet). Other banks and voices may be added in the future.

An XG machine need not support all LSB-selectable extension voices listed in MU80

Sound List & MIDI Data booklet. If support is included for one or more voices in an exten-

sion bank, however, any Program Change Number not supported by that bank must select the

corresponding Bank #1 voice (basic voice).

Note 1: Under default selection, Channel 10 plays rhythm voices, while other channels take Bank 1 melody voices.

(Same as GM-system Level 1)

Note 2: Receipt of Bank-Select LSB/MSB does not immediately change the voice. The channel stores the received

Bank-Select LSB/MSB setting, but does not apply it until receipt of the next Program Change message.

Note 3: If the new Bank-Select MSB is 00H (melody voice) but the tone generator does not support the melody

voice corresponding to the last received Bank-Select LSB, the channel reverts to the Bank-Select LSB cor-

responding to its most recently played melody voice.

APPENDIX

117

Note 4: If the new Bank Select MSB is 7FH (GM rhythm voice), the tone generator unconditionally uses LSB 00H.

If the tone generator does not support a drum kit corresponding to the channel’s most recently received Pro-

gram Change, the channel will revert to the Program Change corresponding to its most recently played

rhythm kit.

Note 5: If a Bank Select MSB value of 01H~7EH (SFX voice, or unused MSB) is received and the tone generator

does not have a voice corresponding to the last received LSB and Program Change, the tone generator will

produce no sound for that channel regardless of subsequent Key On messages.

(Commentary) Users employing the XG format to generate music data should note the

following general points.

●

The discussion and examples provided above are intended to clarify operating specifica-

tions relevant to tone-generator manufacture. During general operation the MSB, LSB, and

Program Change information should always be sent together (as under the MIDI standard).

●

If the tone generator does not support a requested optional melody voice (melody voice in

bank LSB-01 or above), it will produce the basic voice having the same Program Number.

If it does not support a requested optional rhythm voice (Program Number other than 0), it

will play the standard kit.

●

For melody-voice play: If the channel cannot play from the bank selected by the last LSB

specification, it will revert to the most recent playable LSB specifications.

●

For rhythm-voice play: If the channel cannot play the kit selected by the last received Pro-

gram Number, it will revert to the most recent playable Program Number.

●

When creating data for the user area (Bank MSB = 01H ~ 3FH), remember that a channel

will produce no sound if the tone generator does not support a voice corresponding to the

Bank MSB.

Modulation: 01H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

1 Modulation 0 to 127

Default: 00H

If multipart parameter “Rcv MODULATION” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

Upon initialization this message applies to vibrato depth, but content can be changed by

use of System Exclusive message.

Portamento Time: 05H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

5 Portamento Time 0 to 127

Default: 00H

Sets the pitch-change speed used when Portamento is ON. Has no affect on portamento con-

trol. A value of 0 produces the shortest portamento time; value 127 selects the longest time.

Data Entry MSB/LSB: 06H/26H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

6 Data Entry MSB 0 to 127

38 Data Entry LSB 0 to 127

Sets the value for the parameter specified by RPN/NRPN.

118

APPENDIX

Master Volume: 07H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

7 Volume 0 to 127

Default: 64H

If multipart parameter “Rcv VOLUME” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

Use this message to balance the volume among the different parts.

Panpot: 0AH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

10 Panpot 0 to 127

Default: 40H

If multipart parameter “Rcv PAN” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

Produces relative variations in pan among different installments of the rhythm part.

Expression: 0BH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

11 Expression 0 to 127

Default: 7FH

If multipart parameter “Rcv EXPRESSION” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

This message is used to control intonation expression (diminuendo and crescendo) during

play.

Sustain: 40H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

64 Sustain 0 to 127 (0-63:Off 64-127:On)

Default: 00H

If multipart parameter “Rcv SUSTAIN” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

Portamento: 41H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

65 Portamento 0 to 127 (0-63:Off 64-127:On)

Default: 00H

If multipart parameter “Rcv PORTAMENTO” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

APPENDIX

119

Sostenuto: 42H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

66 Sostenuto 0 to 127 (0-63:Off 64-127:On)

Default: 00H

If multipart parameter “Rcv SOSTENUTO” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

Soft Pedal: 43H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

67 Soft Pedal 0 to 127 (0-63:Off 64-127:On)

Default: 00H

If multipart parameter “Rcv SOFT PEDAL” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

Harmonic Content: 47H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

71 Harmonic Content 0 to 127 (0:-64 64:+0 127:+63)

Default: 40H

Applies adjustment to the resonance value set by the voice. This parameter specifies relative

change, with value 64 producing zero adjustment. As values get higher the sound becomes

increasingly eccentric. Note that for some voices the effective parameter range is narrower

than the legal parameter range.

Release Time: 48H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

72 Release Time 0 to 127 (0:-64 64:+0 127:+63)

Default: 40H

Applies adjustment to the envelope release time set by the voice. This parameter specifies

relative change, with value 64 producing zero adjustment. For some voices the effective pa-

rameter range is narrower than the legal parameter range.

Attack Time: 49H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

73 Attack Time 0 to 127 (0:-64 64:+0 127:+63)

Default: 40H

Applies adjustment to the envelope attack time set by the voice. This parameter specifies rela-

tive change, with value 64 producing zero adjustment. For some voices the effective param-

eter range is narrower than the legal parameter range.

120

APPENDIX

Brightness: 4AH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

74 Brightness 0 to 127 (0:-64 64:+0 127:+63)

Default: 40H

Applies adjustment to the filter cutoff frequency set by the voice. This parameter specifies

relative change, with value 64 producing zero adjustment. For some voices the effective pa-

rameter range is narrower than the legal parameter range.

Portamento Control: 54H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

84 Portamento Control 0 to 127

Portamento time is always 0.

Effects Send Level 1 (reverb): 5BH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

91 Effect-1 Depth 0 to 127

Default: 40H

Adjusts the reverb send level.

Effects Send Level 3 (chorus): 5DH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

93 Effect-3 Depth 0 to 127

Default: 00H

Adjusts the chorus send level.

Effects Send Level 4 (variation): 5EH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

94 Effect-4 Depth 0 to 127

Default: 00H

Adjusts the variation effect send level. Effective only if “Variation Connection = System”.

Data Increment/Decrement (RPN): 60H/61H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

96 RPN Increment 0 to 127

97 RPN Decrement 0 to 127

The data byte has no meaning.

This message adds or subtracts 1 to/from the Pitchbend Sensitivity, Fine Tune, and Coarse

Tune MSBs. Note that the Increment (Decrement) message will not change a setting that has

APPENDIX

121

already reached its maximum (minimum) value. (Incrementation or decrementation of the

Fine Tune value never carries over to the Coarse Tune value.)

NRPN (Non-registered parameter number) LSB/MSB: 62H/63H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

98 NRPN LSB 0 to 127

99 NRPN MSB 0 to 127

If multipart parameter “Rcv NRPN” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

First send the NPRN MSB and LSB to select the control parameter, then set the value by

Data Entry.

Once you have selected an NRPN on a given channel, the channel will apply subsequent

Data Entry to the selected parameter. After making the necessary settings you should set RPN

to Null to reduce the risk of operational errors.

The following NRPN values are supported.

NRPN Data-entry

MSB LSB MSB Parameter Data Range

01H 08H mmH Vibrato Rate mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

01H 09H mmH Vibrato Depth mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

01H 0AH mmH Vibrato Delay mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

01H 20H mmH Filter Cutoff Frequency mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

01H 21H mmH Filter Resonance mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

01H 63H mmH EG Attack Time mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

01H 64H mmH EG Decay Time mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

01H 66H mmH EG Release mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

14H rrH mmH Drum Filter Cutoff Frequency mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

rr:drum instrument note number

15H rrH mmH Drum Filter Resonance mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

rr:drum instrument note number

16H rrH mmH Drum EG Attack Time mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

rr:drum instrument note number

17H rrH mmH Drum EG Decay Time mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

rr:drum instrument note number

18H rrH mmH Drum Pitch Fine mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

rr:drum instrument note number

19H rrH mmH Drum Pitch Coarse mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63)

rr:drum instrument note number

1AH rrH mmH Drum Level mm:00H-7FH(0-Max)

rr:drum instrument note number

1CH rrH mmH Drum Pan mm:00H-40H-7FH(Random,L-Center-R)

rr:drum instrument note number

1DH rrH mmH Drum Reverb Send Level mm:00H-7FH(0-Max)

rr:drum instrument note number

1EH rrH mmH Drum Chorus Send Level mm:00H-7FH(0-Max)

rr:drum instrument note number

1FH rrH mmH Drum Variation Send Level mm:00H-7FH(0-Max)

rr:drum instrument note number

Note that LSB values 14H through 1FH (drum parameters) are effective only for rhythm parts.

122

APPENDIX

RPN (Registered parameter number) LSB/MSB: 64H/65H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

100 RPN LSB 0 to 127

101 RPN MSB 0 to 127

Default: 7F 7FH

If multipart parameter “Rcv RPN” is OFF, the part ignores this message.

The following parameters are supported.

NRPN Data-entry

LSB MSB MSB Parameter Data Range

00H 00H mmH Pitchbend Sensitivity mm: 00H-40H-7FH (-64-0-+63)

Default: 02H

LSB value is ignored.

Minimum operational range is 00H00H-0CH00H (± octave).

01H 00H mmH Fine Tune mm: 00H-40H-7FH (-64-0-+63)

Default: 40 00H

02H 00H mmH Coarse Tune mm: 00H-40H-7FH (-64-0-+63)

Default: 40 00H

7FH 7FH Null —

All Sound Off: 78H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

120 — 0

Switches off sound from all parts.

Does not reset the settings established by Channel Messages.

Reset All Controllers: 79H

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

121 — 0

Resets the following values: Pitchbend, Modulation, Expression, Sustain, Registered Param-

eter Number, parameter settings.

Resets portamento control. Specifically, clears condition in which source (Portamento

Control Message) has been received but target (new Key On) has not.

Leaves the following values unchanged: Program Change, Bank Select MSB/LSB, Vol-

ume, Pan, Dry Send Level, Effects Send Levels 1 ~ 5, Pitchbend Sensitivity, Fine Tuning,

Coarse Tuning.

APPENDIX

123

All Notes Off: 7BH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

123 — 0

Switches off all currently “on” notes in all parts. Any notes being held by sustain or sostenuto

continue to sound until sustain/sostenuto goes off.

OMNI Off: 7CH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

124 — 0

Same processing as for All Notes Off.

OMNI On: 7DH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

125 — 0

Same processing as for All Notes Off. (“OMNI ON” operation not supported.)

MONO: 7EH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

126 Mono 0 to 16

Generates “All Sound Off” operation. If the value of the third byte (mono number) is 0~16,

the channel changes to Mode 4 (m=1).

POLY: 7FH

Cntrl# Parameter Data Range

127 — 0

Generates “All Sound Off” operation, and sets the channel to Mode 3.

5. Channel Aftertouch

Status: DnH

The message is not effective under initial settings to enable use of this message, send system

Exclusive to change the channel aftertouch (CAT) parameters.

If multipart parameter “Rcv CHANNEL AFTERTOUCH” is Off, the part ignores this

message.

124

APPENDIX

6. Polyphonic Aftertouch

Status: AnH

The message is not effective under initial settings to enable use of this message, send system

Exclusive to change the polyphonic aftertouch parameters.

If multipart parameter “Rcv POLYPHONIC AFTERTOUCH” is Off, the part ignores this

message. It is not necessary for the effect to apply to all note numbers (0~127).

7. Exclusive Messages

XG System On

F0H,43H,10H,4CH,00H,00H,7EH,00H,F7H

11110000 F0 Exclusive status

01000011 43 YAMAHA ID

0001nnnn 1n Device Number

00101011 4C Model ID

00000000 00 Address High

00000000 00 Address Mid

01111110 7E Address Low

00000000 00 Data

11110111 F7 End of Exclusive

This message switches SOUND MODULE MODE to XG and initializes the XG settings.

The message requires approximately 50ms to execute, so sufficient time should be al-

lowed before the next message is sent.

GM System On

F0H,7EH,7FH,09H,01H,F7H

11110000 F0 Exclusive status

01111110 7E Universal Non-realtime ID

01111111 7F Device ID

00001001 09 Sub ID1

00000001 01 Sub ID2

11110111 F7 End of Exclusive

Resets all data values to their defaults, with the exception of the MIDI Master Tuning value.

MIDI Master Volume

F0H,7FH,7FH,04H,01H,llH,mmH,F7H

11110000 F0 Exclusive status

01111110 7F Universal Realtime ID

01111111 7F Device ID

00001001 04 Sub ID1

00000001 01 Sub ID2

0lllllll l l Master Volume LSB

0mmmmmmm mm Master Volume MSB

11110111 F7 End of Exclusive

Changes volume of all channels. (“Universal System Exclusive”)

APPENDIX

125

MIDI Master Tuning

F0H,43H,1nH,27H,30H,00H,00H,mmH,llH,ccH,F7H

11110000 F0 Exclusive status

01000011 43 YAMAHA ID

0001nnnn 1n Device Number

00100111 27 Model ID

00000001 30 Sub ID2

00000000 00

0mmmmmmm mm Master Tune MSB

0lllllll l l Master Tune LSB

0ccccccc cc

11110111 F7 End of Exclusive

Changes tuning of all channels.

Parameter Change

11110000 F0 Exclusive status

01000011 43 YAMAHA ID

0001nnnn 1n Device Number

01001100 4C Model ID

0aaaaaaa aa Address High

0aaaaaaa aa Address Mid

0aaaaaaa aa Address Low

0ddddddd dd Data

| |

0ddddddd dd Data

11110111 F7 End of Exclusive

Includes 2 or 4 bytes of data, depending on parameter size.

The following eight types of parameter change are provided.

1) System Data parameter change

2) Multi Effect Data parameter change

3) Multi EQ Data parameter change

4) Multi Part Data parameter change

5) Drums Setup Data parameter change

6) System Information

7) Display Data parameter change

8) AD Part Data parameter change

*6) System Information is sent in response to dump requests. Received parameter changes are

ignored.

*7) Display Data parameter change is receive-only.

System Exclusive messages are not accepted if “Rcv System Exclusive” is OFF.

126

APPENDIX

Bulk Dump

11110000 F0 Exclusive status

01000011 43 YAMAHA ID

0000nnnn 0n Device Number

01001100 4C Model ID

0bbbbbbb bb Byte Count MSB

0bbbbbbb bb Byte Count LSB

0aaaaaaa aa Address High

0aaaaaaa aa Address Mid

0aaaaaaa aa Address Low

0ddddddd dd Data

| |

0ddddddd dd Data

0ccccccc cc Checksum

11110111 F7 End of Exclusive

For information about “Address” and “Byte Count” fields, refer to Table 3.

Checksum value is set such that the sum of Address, Byte Count, and Checksum has value

zero in its seven least significant bits.

No more than 512 bytes should be sent in a single transmission. If the Dump Request asks

for more than 512 bytes, data should be sent in packets of 512 bytes or less, with at least

120msec between transmission of consecutive packets.

Parameter Request

11110000 F0 Exclusive status

01000011 43 YAMAHA ID

0011nnnn 3n Device Number

01001100 4C Model ID

0aaaaaaa aa Address High

0aaaaaaa aa Address Mid

0aaaaaaa aa Address Low

11110111 F7 End of Exclusive

Dump Request

11110000 F0 Exclusive status

01000011 43 YAMAHA ID

0010nnnn 2n Device Number

01001100 4C Model ID

0aaaaaaa aa Address High

0aaaaaaa aa Address Mid

0aaaaaaa aa Address Low

11110111 F7 End of Exclusive

Sending or receiving of dump request cannot be switched off except by setting “Exclusive” to

OFF.

APPENDIX

127

Troubleshooting

Even though the MU80 is exceptionally easy to use, it may occasionally

not function as you expect it to. If that happens, check the possible prob-

lems and solutions below before assuming that the instrument is faulty.

Possible Cause and Solution

If you are using an AC adaptor, check that the adaptor is properly plugged into both

the AC outlet and the MU80 (See page 12.)

Check that:

● The panel volume control is set to an appropriate level.

● Other volume-related parameters are set to appropriate levels. (See Volume and

Expression in the Single Part controls, pages 38…39, and Master Volume and

Master Attenuator in the All Part controls, page 42.)

● Mute or Solo are not active. (See page 23.) If a Part is being muted, or an empty

Part is being soloed, you may not get any sound.

● The Variation effect settings are appropriate. No sound will be output at all if

Variation Connection is set to INS (page 91), Variation Send is turned on for the

Part (page 40), and NO EFFECT is selected for the Variation Type (page 90).

The easiest solution in such a case is to turn off Variation Send for the Part.

● The EG Attack Time (page 47) is appropriately short, for short percussive

sounds.

● The Velocity Sensitivity Offset (page 56) is appropriate.

● The Note Limit Low and Note Limit High (page 57) settings are appropriate. If

the former is set higher than the latter, no sound will be output.

● The Velocity Limit Low and Velocity Limit High (page 59) settings are appropri-

ate. If the former is set too high and the latter too low, no sound may be output.

Check all MIDI connections, making sure that the MIDI OUT of the external device

is connected to the MIDI IN of the MU80, and that the MIDI IN of the external device

is connected to the MIDI OUT of the MU80. (See pages 28…29.) Or, if you are using

the TO HOST terminal with a computer, make sure that the terminal is properly con-

nected to the computer and that the HOST SELECT switch is properly set for your

particular computer. (See pages 26…28.) Also, make sure that you have turned on the

connected MIDI instrument or computer before turning on the MU80. If you haven’t,

simply turning the MU80 off and back on again may solve the problem.

The maximum polyphony of the MU80 may be exceeded. The MU80 can play no

more than 64 notes at once. (Though 64 notes may seem to be more than enough,

you may run short when playing a connected keyboard along with some densely

arranged song data.)

Check all Reverb-, Chorus- and Variation-related controls: Reverb Send, Chorus Send

and Variation Send in Single Part controls (pages 39…40); Reverb Return, Chorus

Return and Variation Return (when Variation Connection is set to SYS) in All Part

controls (pages 42…43). Also check the individual effect settings; if no Type has been

selected, or if the parameter settings are too low, there may be no effect sound.

Make sure that the appropriate A/D Part (A1 or A2) has been turned on and that the

A/D INPUT control is set to an appropriate level. Also for best results, make sure

that the A/D input type (Mic, Guitar, Keyboard, Audio) is set to match the input

you are using.

Problem

No power.

No sound.

No sound when playing the MU80

from a computer, sequencer or

external keyboard.

Notes are cut off or omitted.

Reverb, Chorus and/or Variation

effects cannot be heard.

The A/D input sound (mic, guitar,

etc.) cannot be heard.

128

APPENDIX

Error Messages

Battery Low!

The battery voltage (for internal memory backup) may be too low. Bring the unit

to your local Yamaha dealer or any other authorized Yamaha service personnel.

Illegal Data!

A data error resulted during reception of MIDI messages. Try transmitting the data

again, or turn the MU80 off and back on again.

MIDI Buffer Full!

Too much MIDI data is being received by the MU80 at one time. Reduce the

amount of data being sent to the MU80.

HOST is OffLine!

This message appears when the host computer is not turned on, the connecting ca-

ble is not properly connected, or the sequencing software is not active.

SysEx Adrs ERROR!

The data of the received System Exclusive message is incorrect. Check the address

of the message and try transmitting again.

SysEx Data ERROR!

The data of the received System Exclusive message is incorrect. Check the data of

the message (as to whether it requires an MSB or LSB header) and try transmitting

again.

SysEx Size ERROR!

The data of the received System Exclusive message is incorrect. Check the size of

the message and try transmitting again.

Check Sum ERROR!

The checksum of the received System Exclusive message is incorrect. Check the

checksum of the message and try transmitting again.

This Parameter isn’t Excl Data

The selected parameter has no System Exclusive value and cannot be displayed

with the Show Exclusive function.

No Parameter

The selected parameter for use with the Show Exclusive function does not exist as

a valid parameter.

Rcv CH is OFF!

The selected parameter for use with the Show Exclusive function cannot be con-

verted to a MIDI message value since the Receive Channel for the Part is off. Set

the Receive Channel to an appropriate value.

APPENDIX

129

Specifications

Tone Generation Method

AWM2 (Advanced Wave Memory 2)

Maximum Simultaneous Polyphony

64-note

Sound Module Modes

XG (Extended General MIDI), TG300B, C/M, and Performance

Multi-timbral Capacity

32-Part (on 32 MIDI channels; with element reserve priority for later notes

and dynamic Voice allocation)

Internal Voice/Program Structure

Normal Programs

Total Voices ......................... 729

XG mode............................. 537

TG300B mode .................... 614

C/M mode ........................... 128 (Parts 1 … 9), 64 (Parts 11 … 16)

Drum Programs

Total Programs .................... 21

XG mode............................. 11

TG300B mode .................... 10

C/M mode ........................... 1

Performance Programs

Up to four Voices plus all effect settings can be memorized to a Performance.

Preset Programs .................. 64 × 2

User Programs .................... 128

Effects

Five sections of multi-effects: Reverb (12 Types), Chorus (10 Types),

Variation (44 Types), Distortion (3 Types), and EQ (4 Types)

Demo Song

1 (not editable, stored in ROM)

Display

Custom back-lit LCD

130

APPENDIX

Controls

A/D INPUT level control; POWER/VOL control; Mode select buttons: PLAY,

UTIL (UTILITY), MODE, EDIT, EFFECT, EQ; other buttons: MUTE/SOLO,

ENTER, EXIT, PART q, SELECT w, VALUE q

Jacks and Terminals

Front panel: A/D INPUT jack (stereo 1/4"), PHONES jack (stereo mini-pin)

Rear panel: OUTPUT R, L/MONO jacks (Right, Left/Mono); DC IN jack;

TO HOST terminal; HOST SELECT switch; MIDI IN A/B, MIDI OUT, and

MIDI THRU terminals

Computer/MIDI Interface

Direct connection to host computer port (RS-232C, RS-422) with optional

cables (CCJ-PC1, CCJ-PC1, CCJ-MAC); MIDI terminals allow connection to

MIDI sequencer or MIDI controller

Data Transfer (Baud) Rate

MIDI— 31,250 bps (bits per second)

Mac — 31,250 bps

PC-1 — 31,250 bps

PC-2 — 38,400 bps

Power Supply

Yamaha PA-1207 AC Adaptor (included)

Dimensions (W × D × H)

220 × 210 × 44 mm (8-5/8" × 8-1/4" × 1-3/4")

Weight

1.3 kg (2 lbs., 14 oz.)

Included Accessories

Owner’s Manual, Yamaha PA-1207 AC Adaptor

* Specifications subject to change without notice.

APPENDIX

131

Glossary

A/D input

Abbreviation for analog-to-digital. The

A/D inputs of the MU80 allow you to process

analog inputs (such as a microphone, electric gui-

tar, CD player, or another electronic instrument)

with the digital effects of the MU80 and mix them

with the internal Voices.

Assignable Controller 1 Certain functions on the

MU80 (such as the Filter, Volume or Variation ef-

fect) can be changed in real time by controllers on

a connected MIDI instrument. Assignable Control-

ler 1 lets you determine which controller (for ex-

ample: modulation wheel, breath controller, foot

controller, etc.) is used for that purpose.

AWM2 Abbreviation for Advanced Wave Memory 2,

an enhanced version of Yamaha’s original tone

generation system, featuring digital filters for su-

perior sound.

bank A set of Voices or programs. The MIDI stand-

ard supports up to 128 banks, each of which can

contain up to 128 Voices or programs.

edit Editing is the process of changing or adjusting

the settings of the MU80.

EG Abbreviation for Envelope Generator, a common

control on electronic instruments that affects the

“shape” (or envelope) of the sound in time. The

MU80 provides two types of EGs: one for level

and the other for pitch.

Filter A control for affecting the frequency content

of a sound. Filters are used to selectively cut or

boost certain frequency ranges in the sound —

subtly enhancing the sound, or dramatically

changing its character. On the MU80, the Filter

can be controlled in real time with the Assignable

Controller 1.

General MIDI (GM) An addition to the MIDI stand-

ard which effectively ensures that any General

MIDI-compatible song data can be properly

played back on any General MIDI-compatible tone

generator. The standard specifies that a GM-com-

patible tone generator must have at least 24-note

polyphony, 16-part multi-timbral capacity and 128

standard voices. The MU80 exceeds this with 64-

note polyphony, 32-part multi-timbral capacity and

729 Voices.

host computer The controlling computer in a com-

puter music system. The host computer is con-

nected to the MU80 (via the TO HOST or MIDI

terminals) and runs the software necessary for re-

cording and playing back song data, which is re-

produced by the internal sound sources and effects

of the MU80.

LFO Abbreviation for low frequency oscillator,

which generates a low frequency signal that is

used to modulate certain aspects of the sound,

such as pitch or level. Chorus, Flanger, Tremolo,

Vibrato and other modulation effects use LFOs.

MIDI Acronym for Musical Instrument Digital Inter-

face, a worldwide standard that allows MIDI-com-

patible instruments and devices to communicate

with each other. For the instruments to communi-

cate, they normally must be set to the same MIDI

channel.

modulation wheel A controller found on most

MIDI keyboards which is normally used to control

pitch and other types of modulation. It can be used

to control various aspects of the MU80 sound by

proper setting of the Assignable Controller 1. (See

pages 77…78.)

multi-timbral This refers to the capacity of a tone

generator to produce several different sounds at

once. The MU80 is a 32-Part multi-timbral tone

generator, capable of playing 32 different instru-

ment Voices at once, each over an independent

MIDI channel.

Mute The Mute function of the MU80 allows you to

silence one Part to hear how all of the other Parts

sound without it.

parameter The word “parameter” refers to any ad-

justable setting of an electronic musical instru-

ment. For example, the Filter function of the

MU80 has two parameters: Cutoff Frequency and

Resonance.

Part The Voices of the MU80 are assigned to sepa-

rate Parts, and up to 32 of these Parts can sound

simultaneously. Parts are analogous to the various

instrumental parts in music: e.g., piano part, guitar

part, etc.

132

APPENDIX

Performance In the MU80, “Performance” refers to

an operation mode and the programs that are used

in that mode. A Performance can contain up to

four different Parts, all controllable over the same

MIDI channel. The preset Performances of the

MU80 are special multi-Part sound programs de-

signed particularly for live performance and studio

recording purposes.

Pitch Bend A function found on virtually all MIDI

keyboards (usually controlled with a pitch bend

wheel) that allows the pitch to be raised or lowered

continously. The Pitch Bend Control parameter on

the MU80 allows you to set the range over which

the pitch can be changed.

polyphony The number of notes that can be sounded

simultaneously by an electronic instrument. The

MU80 has 64-note polyphony, ensuring that even

the most complex song data will play back com-

pletely and accurately, with no “note robbing.”

port To answer the need for more MIDI channels

(the limit is 16), many MIDI interfaces offer two

or more MIDI ports, each of which can address 16

MIDI channels. The MU80 is equipped with two

independent MIDI ports (A and B), providing 32-

channel operation. The two ports are also

addressable via the TO HOST computer interface.

Portamento A function found on early synthesizers

that creates a continuous pitch glide between suc-

cessively played notes. On the MU80, the time of

the pitch glide can be adjusted.

return Related to effect operation, “return” refers to

the effect-processed signal that is returned to the

overall sound mix. For example, the parameter

Reverb Return determines the amount of Reverb-

processed signal that is blended with the overall

sound mix of the MU80. (“Return” is the compan-

ion function of “send” below.)

send Related to effect operation, “send” refers to the

signal that is sent to an effect for processing. For

example, the parameter Reverb Send determines

the degree to which an individual Part is processed

with the Reverb effect. (“Send” is the companion

function of “return” above.)

sequencer A device used for recording, editing and

playing back of MIDI data. Sequencers are gener-

ally of two types: “dedicated” sequencer units, and

computer-based sequencing software. The MU80

can be used with either type.

Solo The Solo function of the MU80 allows you to

isolate a single Part, to hear how that Part sounds

by itself.

Sound Module mode The MU80 has four Sound

Module modes, and these determine the basic op-

eration of the unit as a tone generator. Three Multi

modes (XG, TG300B and C/M) and one Perform-

ance mode (PFM) are available.

tone generator An electronic instrument that func-

tions as a MIDI-controllable sound source. For the

most part, the term “tone generator” refers to those

devices that have no keyboard or other controller,

but are meant to be connected to and played from

a separate keyboard or computer.

Variation In the MU80, “Variation” refers to the spe-

cial section of various effects, including Reverb,

Delay, Chorus, and many others. The Variation ef-

fects total 44, and can be used simultaneously with

the other effect sections of the MU80: Reverb,

Chorus, Distortion and EQ.

velocity The speed at which a note is played (for ex-

ample, on a keyboard). Normally, the faster (or

harder) a key is struck, the higher the correspond-

ing note’s velocity — and, hence, the louder the

sound produced. The MU80 features a variety of

velocity-related parameters that provide extensive

control over the velocity response of the Voices,

and even allow you to set up sophisticated velocity

splits, in which the Voices change in response to

playing velocity.

Vibrato Vibrato is a quavering, vibrating sound, and

is produced in the MU80 by regularly modulating

the pitch of a Voice. The speed and depth of the Vi-

brato can be adjusted, as well as the time it takes

before the Vibrato effect is applied.

Voice The basic sound unit (or sound program) of

the MU80. There are a total of 729 Voices avail-

able on the MU80.

XG-MIDI An abbreviation for Extended General

MIDI, a new standard created by Yamaha which

significantly improves on the General MIDI stand-

ard by providing a greater variety of high-quality

Voices and enhanced effect operation.

APPENDIX

133

Index

A/D input .......................................................... 24–25

A/D Part ............................................................ 24, 77

A/D Part Lock......................................................... 99

All Part control ..................................... 41–43, 72–74

All Part control, selecting ....................................... 41

Alternate Group (Drum Setup) ............................... 64

Assignable Controller 1 .............................. 77–78, 82

Assignable Controller 1 Amplitude Control........... 82

Assignable Controller 1 Control Change

Number....................................................... 77–78

Assignable Controller 1 Filter Control ................... 82

Assignable Controller 1 Variation Control ............. 90

Bank (Performance mode)................................ 67–68

Bank Number (Multi mode) ................................... 38

Bank Number (Performance mode)........................ 69

banks, changing .......................................... 18, 67–68

C/M mode ......................................... 34, 55, 106, 109

Chorus .............................................................. 88–89

Chorus Pan........................................................ 88–89

Chorus Return (Multi mode) .................................. 43

Chorus Return (Performance mode)....................... 74

Chorus Send (Drum Setup) .................................... 63

Chorus Send (Multi mode) ..................................... 40

Chorus Send (Performance mode).......................... 71

Chorus Send (to Reverb) ........................................ 89

Chorus Type............................................................ 88

Common parameters......................................... 75–78

computer, connecting cables................................... 32

computer, connecting MU80 with .......................... 26

computer, IBM PC and clones.......................... 27–28

computer, Macintosh ........................................ 26–27

connections, audio ............................................ 12–13

connections, MIDI ................................ 12–13, 28–29

Contrast ................................................................ 101

Copy ................................................................. 83–84

Cutoff Frequency (Drum Setup)............................. 63

Cutoff Frequency (Multi mode) ............................. 45

Demo song.............................................. 15, 108–109

Detune .............................................................. 54, 80

Device number........................................................ 41

Distortion .......................................................... 91–92

Distortion Part ........................................................ 92

Distortion Type ....................................................... 92

Drum Setup controls......................................... 61–65

Drum Setup menu, selecting and editing.......... 61–62

Dry Level .......................................................... 60, 81

Dry/Wet (Variation) ................................................ 90

Dry/Wet Balance (Distortion)................................. 92

Dump Interval....................................................... 101

Dump Out functions ..................................... 102–105

editing, in All Part................................................... 41

editing, in Single Part ............................................. 37

Effect Edit mode............................................... 86–95

effect connections (System and Insertion)........ 92–95

EG (Envelope Generator) ........................... 46–51, 79

EG Attack (Drum Setup) ........................................ 65

EG Attack Time ...................................................... 47

EG Decay 1 (Drum Setup) ..................................... 65

EG Decay 2 (Drum Setup) ..................................... 65

EG Decay Time ...................................................... 48

EG Release Time .................................................... 48

EQ Frequency parameters ...................................... 97

EQ Lock ............................................................... 100

EQ Type .................................................................. 96

Equalizer (EQ).................................................. 96–97

Expression .............................................................. 39

Filter ........................................................... 44–46, 79

Initialize functions ........................................ 105–108

Insertion connection ......................................... 92–95

Level (Drum Setup) ................................................ 62

Master Attenuator ................................................... 42

Master Tune ............................................................ 98

Master Volume ........................................................ 42

MIDI channel, changing ......................................... 72

MIDI data flow (diagram) ...................................... 31

MIDI data storage device ............................... 30, 102

MIDI devices, connecting to ........ 12–13, 28–29, 102

MIDI keyboard, playing the MU80 with................ 16

MIDI keyboard, selecting Voices with ................... 19

MIDI, Receive Channel .......................................... 37

MIDI, Receive Port................................................. 37

Modulation Wheel —

LFO Filter Modulation Depth .......................... 81

Modulation Wheel —

LFO Pitch Modulation Depth..................... 60, 81

Mono/Poly Mode.............................................. 55, 80

Multi Edit mode...................................................... 44

Multi mode ....................................................... 34–65

Multi mode, selecting ............................................. 34

Multi Play mode ..................................................... 35

Mute........................................................................ 23

Mute Lock .............................................................. 99

134

APPENDIX

Note Limit High ............................................... 57, 80

Note Limit Low ................................................ 57, 80

Note Shift (Multi mode) ......................................... 40

Note Shift (Performance mode).............................. 71

Others parameters ............................................. 53, 80

Pan (Drum Setup) ................................................... 62

Pan (Multi mode).................................................... 39

Pan (Performance mode) ........................................ 70

Part controls .......................... 6, 20, 36, 37–43, 69–74

Part Edit mode .................................................... 7, 10

Part Mode ............................................................... 54

Part parameters ................................................. 78–82

Part settings, changing ............................................ 22

Parts, selecting .................................................. 20–21

Performance Bank ............................................ 67, 72

Performance Edit mode ................................ 9, 75–82

Performance mode...................... 55, 66–85, 106, 109

Performance Name ........................................... 75–76

Performance Number.............................................. 72

Performance Pan..................................................... 73

Performance Part control .................................. 69–74

Performance Play mode.................................... 66–68

Performance Volume .............................................. 73

Performances, selecting Preset or Internal . 67–68, 72

Pitch Bend Control ........................................... 60, 81

Pitch Coarse (Drum Setup)..................................... 62

Pitch EG ........................................................... 49–51

Pitch EG Attack Time ............................................. 50

Pitch EG Initial Level ............................................. 49

Pitch EG Release Level .......................................... 50

Pitch EG Release Time ........................................... 51

Pitch Fine (Drum Setup)......................................... 62

Play displays ..................................................... 35–36

Play mode ....................................................... 6, 7, 35

playing the MU80............................................. 14–16

Portamento Switch ........................................... 58, 80

Portamento Time .............................................. 58, 81

Program (Voice) Number (Multi mode) ................. 38

Program (Voice) Number (Performance mode) ..... 69

Receive Bank Select ............................................. 101

Receive General MIDI Exclusive ......................... 100

Receive Note Off (Drum Setup) ............................. 65

Receive Note On (Drum Setup).............................. 64

Receive System Exclusive .................................... 100

Resonance (Drum Setup)........................................ 64

Resonance (Multi mode) ........................................ 45

Reverb............................................................... 86–87

Reverb Pan.............................................................. 87

Reverb Return (Multi mode) .................................. 42

Reverb Return (Performance mode) ....................... 73

Reverb Send (Drum Setup)..................................... 62

Reverb Send (Multi mode) ..................................... 39

Reverb Send (Performance mode).......................... 70

Reverb Type ...................................................... 86–87

Send Chorus to Reverb ........................................... 89

Send Variation to Chorus ........................................ 91

Send Variation to Reverb ........................................ 91

Single Part control (Multi mode)...................... 37–40

Single Part control (Performance mode) .......... 69–71

Single Part control, selecting .................................. 37

Solo......................................................................... 23

Sound Module mode ................................................ 6

Sound Module mode, selecting ...................... 34, 109

Store.................................................................. 84–85

System connection............................................ 92–95

System functions ............................................ 98–102

System MIDI Channel ............................................ 72

System Transpose ................................................... 74

TG300B mode .................................. 34, 55, 106, 109

Thru Port............................................................... 102

Transpose .......................................................... 43, 74

Utility mode.............................................. 10, 98–109

Variation ........................................................... 89–91

Variation Connection .............................................. 91

Variation Pan .......................................................... 91

Variation Return (Multi mode) ............................... 43

Variation Return (Performance mode).................... 74

Variation Send (Drum Setup) ................................. 63

Variation Send (Multi mode) .................................. 40

Variation Send (Performance mode) ...................... 71

Variation Send (to Chorus) ..................................... 91

Variation Send (to Reverb) ..................................... 91

Variation Type......................................................... 90

Velocity Limit High .......................................... 59, 81

Velocity Limit Low........................................... 59, 81

Velocity Sensitivity Depth ................................ 56, 80

Velocity Sensitivity Offset ................................ 56, 80

Vibrato ........................................................ 51–52, 80

Vibrato Delay.......................................................... 52

Vibrato Depth ......................................................... 52

Vibrato Rate ............................................................ 51

Voices, selecting ............................................... 17, 19

Volume (Multi mode) ............................................. 38

Volume (Performance mode).................................. 70

XG mode .......................................... 34, 54, 106, 109

Documenttranscriptie

WELCOME TO THE MU80 Welcome to the MU80 Congratulations and thank you for purchasing the Yamaha MU80 Tone Generator! The MU80 is an advanced tone generator providing 729 high-quality Voices, full General MIDI compatibility — including Yamaha’s new XGMIDI (Extended General MIDI) — plus flexible computer interfacing in a highly compact and portable package. With the convenient built-in host computer interface and MIDI terminals, the MU80 is ideal for any computer music system — from connection to a simple laptop to integration in a complete MIDI studio. With its large LCD and the intuitive graphic controls on the display, the MU80 is remarkably easy to use. The MU80 also features completely independent dual MIDI inputs, 32 Part multi-timbral capacity and full 64-note polyphony for playback of even the most sophisticated song data. A special Performance mode gives you flexible four-Voice operation, for live performance applications. Built-in digital multi-effects give you enormous versatility in “sweetening” the sound. Plus, the convenient A/D inputs allow you to connect a microphone, electric guitar or other instrument, and mix those signals with the MU80’s Voices. What’s more, the MU80 provides a host of comprehensive, yet easy-to-use editing tools for getting just the sound you need. ii UNPACKING Unpacking Your MU80 package should include the items listed below. Make sure that you have them all. Also, write down the serial number of your MU80 in the box below, for future reference. MU80 Serial No.: PA-1207 AC Power Adaptor Owner’s Manual iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Welcome to the MU80 ............................................................................................................ ii Unpacking .............................................................................................................................. iii Table of Contents ................................................................................................................... iv How to Use This Manual ...................................................................................................... vi Precautions ............................................................................................................................ vii The Controls of the MU80 ..................................................................................................... 1 The MU80 — What It Is and What It Can Do .................................................................... 4 What It Is… ....................................................................................................................... 4 About General MIDI ..................................................................................................... 4 What It Can Do… ............................................................................................................. 5 Using With MIDI Keyboard ......................................................................................... 5 Using With a Computer or Sequencer .......................................................................... 5 About the Modes of the MU80 ........................................................................................ 6 Play Modes and the Part Controls ................................................................................. 6 Utility Mode ................................................................................................................ 10 Part Edit Mode ............................................................................................................ 10 GUIDED TOUR Setting Up Your MU80 ................................................................................................... 12 What You’ll Need .................................................................................................. 12 Making the Connections ....................................................................................... 12 Powering Up and Playing the Demo Song .................................................................... 14 Playing the Demo Song .............................................................................................. 15 Selecting Voices ............................................................................................................... 17 Changing the Voice Bank ............................................................................................ 18 Selecting Voices From Your MIDI Keyboard ............................................................. 19 Changing Some of the Settings — Part Controls ......................................................... 20 Selecting another Part and changing its MIDI channel .............................................. 20 Changing the Volume and Pan settings of a Part ........................................................ 22 Using Mute/Solo .............................................................................................................. 23 Using the A/D Input ........................................................................................................ 24 Setting Up the MU80 in Your Music System ................................................................ 26 Connecting With a Computer ..................................................................................... 26 Macintosh .............................................................................................................. 26 IBM PC and Clones .............................................................................................. 27 Connecting to Other MIDI Devices ............................................................................ 28 Using the MU80 with a MIDI Data Storage Device .................................................... 30 Data Flow Block Diagram .............................................................................................. 31 MIDI/Computer Connecting Cables ............................................................................. 32 REFERENCE Multi Mode ...................................................................................................................... 34 Multi Play Mode ......................................................................................................... 35 Play Displays .............................................................................................................. 35 Part Controls ............................................................................................................... 36 Single Part Control ...................................................................................................... 37 iv APPENDIX XG .................................................................................................................................. 112 Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................ 127 Error Messages ............................................................................................................. 128 Specifications ................................................................................................................. 129 Glossary ......................................................................................................................... 131 Index .............................................................................................................................. 133 v REFERENCE APPENDIX Selecting Single Part Control ................................................................................ 37 Editing in Single Part ............................................................................................ 37 All Part Control ........................................................................................................... 41 Editing in All Part .................................................................................................. 41 Multi Edit Mode .......................................................................................................... 44 Filter ...................................................................................................................... 44 EG (Envelope Generator) ...................................................................................... 46 Vibrato ................................................................................................................... 51 Others .................................................................................................................... 53 Drum Setup Controls ............................................................................................. 61 Calling Up the Drum Setup Menu ................................................................... 61 Drum Setup Parameters ................................................................................... 62 Performance Mode ......................................................................................................... 66 Performance Play Mode .............................................................................................. 66 Selecting a Performance and its Individual Parts .................................................. 67 Performance Part Control ........................................................................................... 69 Single Part ............................................................................................................. 69 All Part .................................................................................................................. 72 Performance Edit Mode .............................................................................................. 75 Common ................................................................................................................ 75 Part ........................................................................................................................ 78 Filter ...................................................................................................................... 79 EG ......................................................................................................................... 79 Vibrato ................................................................................................................... 80 Others .................................................................................................................... 80 Copy and Store Operations ......................................................................................... 83 Copy ...................................................................................................................... 83 Store ...................................................................................................................... 84 Effect Edit Mode ............................................................................................................. 86 Reverb (REV) ............................................................................................................. 86 Chorus ......................................................................................................................... 88 Variation ...................................................................................................................... 89 Distortion .................................................................................................................... 91 About the Effect Connections — System and Insertion ............................................. 93 Equalizer (EQ) Edit ........................................................................................................ 96 Utility Mode .................................................................................................................... 98 System Functions ........................................................................................................ 98 Dump Out Functions ................................................................................................. 102 Saving and Restoring Data via MIDI .................................................................. 102 Saving and Restoring Data via TO HOST .......................................................... 102 Initialize Functions ................................................................................................... 105 Demo Song Play (DEMO) ........................................................................................ 108 Sound Module Mode (MODE) ................................................................................. 109 GUIDED TOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL How to Use This Manual You are probably eager to try out your new MU80 Tone Generator right away and hear what it can do, rather than have to read through a lot of instructions before you can even get a sound out of it. However, to get the most out of your MU80, we strongly suggest that you read the following sections in the order given: 1) Precautions This gives you important information on how to care for your new MU80, how to avoid damaging, and how to ensure long-term, reliable operation. 2) The Controls of the MU80 This section introduces you to the panel controls and connectors. 3) The MU80 — What It Is and What It Can Do This briefly provides an overview of the functions and features of the MU80 and offers some important hints on how you can use it effectively. 4) Guided Tour This very important section gets you started using your new MU80. It helps you set up the instrument, play it, and use some of the more important functions and features. The hands-on experience you gain in this section will help you navigate through the other sections of the manual. 5) Setting Up the MU80 in Your Music System; Using the MU80 with a Computer These sections (within the Guided Tour) provide all you need to know to effectively integrate the MU80 into your present computer music system. 6) Reference Once you’re familiar with everything above, lightly go over this comprehensive guide to all editing functions. You won’t need (or want) to read everything at once, but it is there for you to refer to when you need information about a certain feature or function. 7) Appendix Finally, use the sections in the Appendix as necessary. For example, the Index will come in handy when you need to quickly find information on a specific topic. Other sections, such as the Glossary, Troubleshooting and Error Messages provide additional useful information. vi PRECAUTIONS Precautions Your MU80 will give you years of reliable service if you follow the simple precautions below: ■ LOCATION Keep the instrument away from locations where it is likely to be exposed to high temperatures (such as direct sunlight) or humidity. Also avoid locations which are subject to excessive dust accumulation or vibration which could cause mechanical damage. ■ USE THE CORRECT POWER ADAPTOR Use only the recommended PA-1207 Power Adaptor for supplying power to the instrument. Use of another adaptor may cause serious damage to the instrument or the adaptor itself. ■ MAKE SURE POWER IS OFF WHEN MAKING OR REMOVING CONNECTIONS To prevent damage to the instrument and other connected equipment, always turn off the power prior to connecting or disconnecting cables. Also, turn the power off when the instrument is not in use, and disconnect the power adaptor during electric storms. ■ HANDLE THE INSTRUMENT WITH CARE Although the instrument has been constructed to withstand the rigors of normal use for optimum sturdiness and reliability, avoid subjecting it to strong physical shocks (such as dropping or hitting it). Since the MU80 is a precision-made electronic device, also avoid applying excessive force to the various controls. When moving the instrument, first unplug the power adaptor and all other cables to prevent damage to cords and jacks. Always unplug cables by gripping the plug firmly, not by pulling on the cable. ■ CLEAN WITH A SOFT, DRY CLOTH Never use solvents such as benzine or thinner to clean the instrument, since these will damage the cabinet finish or dull the keys. Wipe clean with a soft, dry cloth. If necessary, use a soft, clean, slightly moistened cloth — making sure to wipe the case off again with a dry cloth. vii PRECAUTIONS ■ ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE Avoid using the unit near televisions, radios or other equipment generating electromagnetic fields. Proximity to such equipment may cause the unit to malfunction, and may generate interference noise in the other appliance as well. ■ DO NOT OPEN THE CASE OR TRY REPAIRING THE INSTRUMENT YOURSELF The instrument contains no user-serviceable parts. Never open the case or tamper with the internal circuitry in any way, since doing so may result in damage to the instrument. Refer all servicing to qualified Yamaha service personnel. ■ MIDI CABLES When connecting the instrument to other MIDI equipment, be sure to use only high-quality cables made especially for MIDI data transmission. Also, avoid using cables longer than 15 meters, since long cables can result in data errors. Yamaha is not responsible for damage caused by improper handling or operation. viii THE CONTROLS OF THE MU80 The Controls of the MU80 Front Panel 1 2 5 8 11 12 14 15 16 3 4 6 7 10 9 13 1 A/D INPUT jack For connection of a microphone, electric guitar or other electronic instrument. (Accepts either stereo or mono 1/4" plugs.) 2 A/DINPUTlevelcontrol For control of the A/D input level. 3 PHONES jack For connection to a set of stereo headphones (mini-pin). 4 POWER/VOL control Pressing this turns the power on and off. Turning it adjusts the overall volume of the MU80. 5 PLAY button For entering the Play mode and switching among the different Play displays. (See page 34.) 6 UTIL(UTILITY)button For entering the Utility mode. (See page 15.) 7 MODE button For entering the Sound Module mode. (See page 34.) 8 EDITbutton For entering the Edit mode. (See page 44.) 1 THE CONTROLS OF THE MU80 1 5 2 8 11 12 14 15 16 3 4 6 7 9 10 13 9 EFFECT button For entering the Effect Edit mode. (See page 86.) 10 EQ button For entering the EQ Edit mode. (See page 96.) 11 MUTE/SOLO button Pressing this alternately mutes or solos the selected Part. (See page 23.) 12 ENTER button For calling up menu items in the display and for executing certain functions and operations. Double-clicking this (pressing it twice quickly) calls up the System Exclusive hexadecimal message for the current function and parameter value. 13 EXIT button For leaving various display pages and returning to previous displays. Also for canceling certain functions and operations. 14 PART -/+ buttons For selecting different Parts. In the Effect Edit mode, these can be used to switch among the different effects. Pressing these together enters and exits from All Part control. (See page 17.) 15 SELECT </> buttons For selecting the various menu items, parameters and controls on the display. 16 VALUE -/+ buttons For changing the value of a selected parameter or control. 2 THE CONTROLS OF THE MU80 Rear Panel 1 2 3 4 5 1 MIDI THRU, MIDI OUT and MIDI IN A/B terminals For connection to other MIDI devices, such as a MIDI keyboard, tone generator, sequencer, or to a computer that has a MIDI interface. MIDI IN A and B are independent MIDI ports, allowing full 32-channel MIDI input. MIDI OUT is for data dumps to another MIDI device, while MIDI THRU is for “daisychain” connection of additional MU80s or other MIDI instruments. (See page 12 for more information on MIDI connections.) 2 HOST SELECT switch For electing the type of host computer. (See page 12.) 3 TO HOST terminal For connection to a host computer that does not have a MIDI interface. (See page 26.) 4 DC IN jack For connection to the PA-1207 AC power adaptor. 5 OUTPUT R, L/MONO jacks (Right, Left/Mono) For connection to a stereo amplifier/speaker system. When using a mono system, connect it to the L/MONO jack. 3 THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO The MU80 — What It Is and What It Can Do What It Is… The MU80 is a compact, highly portable and easy-to-use tone generator. It features full General MIDI Level 1 compatibility with 128 General MIDI Voices and 9 drum kits. It also provides new XG-MIDI (Extended General MIDI) compatibility, with a total of 537 Voices and 11 drum kits. The MU80 has 64-note polyphony and is 32-Part multi-timbral. In other words, the MU80 has 32 different Parts, each with its own Voice, so that up to 32 different Voices can be sounded simultaneously. Since the MU80 features dual MIDI input ports (A and B), 16 Parts can be played from one MIDI port and the remaining 16 from the other port. The MU80 also has a TO HOST terminal for easy interfacing with a computer, allowing you to play the Voices using your favorite music software. This is where the advanced multi-timbral capabilities come in, letting you playing sophisticated arrangements using up to 32 different Voices at the same time. The MU80 also features a special Performance mode, in which four Parts are played simultaneously over a single MIDI channel. Connected to a MIDI keyboard, this effectively gives you four tone generators in one. The MU80 gives you two sets of 64 factory-programmed Preset Performances plus 128 Internal Performance locations for your own original Performances. About General MIDI General MIDI is a new addition to the worldwide MIDI standard. MIDI, as you know, stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, and makes it possible for various electronic musical instruments and other devices to “communicate” with each other. For example, by connecting a sequencer to the MU80’s MIDI IN terminal, you could play back a song on the sequencer using the Voices of the MU80. So, where does General MIDI fit in all of this? One of the most important features of General MIDI is in the standardization of Voices. This means that a song recorded in the General MIDI format can be played back on any General MIDI compatible tone generator and sound just as the composer intended. For example, if there is an alto sax solo in the song, it will be played by an alto sax Voice on the General MIDI tone generator (and not by a tuba or harpsichord!). Since the MU80 is fully compatible with General MIDI, you can take advantage of the vast wealth of musical material recorded in that format. 4 THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO What It Can Do… Here are a few ideas on how you can use the MU80. The list below is not comprehensive, but is meant to be a general guide to the possibilities and provide a starting point or springboard for your own creative ideas and explorations. Using With MIDI Keyboard Use the MU80 as supplementary tone generator with your MIDI keyboard and play the Voices of both instruments in a layer together. Or, use the convenient Performance mode, and play four Voices on the MU80 at once. You can split the four Voices across the keyboard, playing each from a different register. Or you can create sophisticated velocity splits, in which a different Voice is heard depending on how strongly you play the keyboard. Or use keyboard and velocity splits together for even greater flexibility. Using With a Computer or Sequencer Home Studio Setup The MU80 integrates instantly and easily into any existing setup. If you have a MIDI keyboard, computer and sequencing software, the MU80 with its high-quality Voices and multi-timbral capabilities can expand your home studio system. Carry It With You If you have a laptop computer (and sequencing software), simply connect the MU80, plug in some headphones and you’ve got a complete, high-powered music making system that’s ready to go wherever you go. Use it for composing, arranging, practicing or making/playing demos for your band. Multimedia Since it’s portable and compatible with General MIDI, the MU80 is a natural for multimedia applications. Bring it with you to a presentation — since the computer interface is built-in to the MU80, it hooks up instantly and easily to the computer’s serial port or printer port, without the need for any other equipment. 5 THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO About the Modes of the MU80 The MU80 has two main operating modes: Multi and Performance. In Multi mode, the MU80 is a 32-Part multi-timbral tone generator; in Performance mode, the MU80 effectively functions as four tone generators controlled over a single MIDI channel. Which mode the MU80 is in depends on the selected Sound Module mode. If XG, TG300B or C/M are selected, the MU80 automatically sets itself to the Multi mode. When PFM is selected, the MU80 is in the Performance mode. Sound Module Mode XG TG300B C/M Performance The bottom right of the display indicates the currently selected Sound Module mode. Selected Sound Module mode. Play Modes and the Part Controls Once the operating mode of the MU80 is set (Multi or Performance), there are two main ways you can use the MU80: playing and editing. In the Play modes, you play the Voices; in the various Edit modes, you change their settings. Within the Play modes are the Part controls. These let you make basic settings for the Parts. The Single Part controls allow you to make independent settings for each Part, while the All Part controls allow you to change the overall settings of all Parts. (See page 36 for more information.) 6 THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO Play Mode Part 1 … 32 All Part A/D Receive Channel Device Number Receive Channel Bank Number Source Variation Program Number A/D Source Volume Master Volume Volume Expression Master Attenuator Expression Pan Pan Reverb Send Reverb Return Reverb Send Chorus Send Chorus Return Chorus Send Variation Send Variation Return Variation Send Note Shift Transpose The MU80 has several different Edit modes, each with various menus and operations: Part Edit Mode Filter Cutoff Frequency Resonance EG EG Attack Time EG Decay Time EG Release Time Pitch EG Initial Level Pitch EG Attack Time Pitch EG Release Level Pitch EG Release Time 7 THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO Vibrato Vibrato Rate Vibrato Depth Vibrato Delay Others Detune Part Mode Mono/Poly Mode Velocity Sensitivity Depth Velocity Sensitivity Offset Note Limit Low Note Limit High Portamento Switch Portamento Time Velocity Limit Low Velocity Limit High Dry Level (VarConnect=SYS) Pitch Bend Control MW LFO Pitch Moduration Depth 8 THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO Performance Edit Mode Part Filter Cutoff Frequency Resonance EG EG Attack Time EG Decay Time EG Release Time Pitch EG Initial Level Pitch EG Attack Time Pitch EG Release Level Pitch EG Release Time Vibrato Vibrato Rate Vibrato Depth Vibrato Delay Others Detune Mono/Poly Mode Velocity Sensitivity Depth Velocity Sensitivity Offset Note Limit Low Note Limit High Portamento Switch 9 THE MU80 — WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT CAN DO Portamento Time Velocity Limit Low Velocity Limit High Dry Level (VarConnect=SYS) MW LFO Pitch Moduration Depth MW LFO Filter Moduration Depth Pitch Bend Control Assignable Control 1 Filter Control Assignable Control 1 Amplitude Control For more information on each of these modes and their menus, see the respective sections in the Reference section. Utility Mode The Utility mode lets you set functions related to the overall operation of the MU80, such as Master Tune, display Contrast and reception of certain MIDI messages that affect the entire instrument. Included also are miscellaneous operations, such as sending bulk data to a data storage device, initializing of the MU80 settings, and playing the special Demo song. Part Edit Mode The Part Edit mode allows you to change certain settings for each individual Part, such as those of the Filter, EG (Envelope Generator), and many other settings. The internal Voices can be sounded during editing, allowing you to hear the effects of your edits. 10 G UIDED T OUR When using your MU80 for the first time, read through this short section of the manual. It guides you step-by-step in using many of the basic operations: setting the instrument up, connecting it properly to other equipment, and — most importantly — playing it. Chorus Distortion Dump Effect EQ Initialize Reverb System Utility Variation GUIDED TOUR Setting Up Your MU80 In this introductory section, you’ll learn how to set up the MU80 for use with a MIDI keyboard. (Setting up for use with a computer is covered on page 26.) What You’ll Need ☛ The MU80 and the included power adaptor. ☛ A MIDI keyboard, electronic piano, or any instrument that can output MIDI data. ☛ An amplifier/speaker system, preferably stereo. Alternately, you can use a set of stereo headphones. ☛ Audio connecting cables. ☛ A MIDI cable. Making the Connections CAUTION! Before making any connections, make sure that all equipment to be connected is turned off, and that the MU80 power adaptor is not connected to an electrical outlet. Operation 1 Connect one end of the MIDI cable to the MIDI OUT terminal of the MIDI keyboard and the other to MIDI IN-A of the MU80 (as shown in the illustration below). 2 Connect the audio cables from the R and L/MONO OUTPUT jacks of the MU80 to the appropriate inputs on the amplifier speaker system (as shown in the illustration below). If the amplifier has only one input, use the L/MONO jack on the MU80. If you are using stereo headphones, connect them to the front panel PHONES jack. 3 Set the HOST SELECT switch on the MU80 to MIDI. 4 Connect the power adaptor to the DC IN terminal on the MU80 and plug the adaptor into an appropriate electrical outlet. 12 GUIDED TOUR CAUTION! ● Do not attempt to use an AC adaptor other than the PA-1207. The use of an incompatible adaptor may result in irreparable damage to the MU80, and even pose a serious shock hazard. ● Be sure to disconnect the power adaptor from the outlet when the MU80 is not in use. Power Adaptor Amplifier Speaker System L/MONO R DC IN MIDI IN-A MIDI CABLE PHONES MIDI OUT MIDI Keyboard 13 GUIDED TOUR Powering Up and Playing the Demo Song Once you’ve connected everything properly, you’re ready to turn the MU80 on and start playing it. However, a small word of caution before you begin: Follow the instructions given below to avoid possible damage to your equipment and speakers. Powering Up Operation 1 If you haven’t done so already, press the POWER/VOL control on the MU80. After the greeting display, the following display will appear: 2 Turn on the power of your MIDI keyboard. 3 Make sure that all volume controls (on the MU80 and the connected amplifier) are turned down. Then, turn on the power of your amplifier speaker system. 4 Finally, set the volume control on the MU80 to about the midway position and set the volume on the amplifier to a suitable level. 14 GUIDED TOUR Playing the Demo Song Now that you’ve set everything up properly, try playing the built-in Demo Song. This showcases the high-quality Voices and the AWM2 tone generation system of the MU80. Operation 1 Press the UTILITY button. 2 Select “DEMO” with the SELECT w buttons and press the ENTER button. 3 Press the ENTER button to start the Demo Song. The Demo Song starts playing immediately and repeats indefinitely until stopped (in step 4 below). Playback of the individual Parts of the song is shown graphically by the “level meter” bars in the display. NOTE During Demo Song playback, all panel controls (except the EXIT button and the VOLUME control) cannot be used. 4 To stop playback of the song, press the EXIT button. 5 To exit from the Demo Song function, press the EXIT button again. 15 GUIDED TOUR Playing Your MU80 With a MIDI Keyboard Operation Play some notes on your MIDI keyboard. If you’ve carefully followed all instructions up to now, one of the “level meter” bars in the display should move — and you should be able to hear the sound of the MU80 as you play. The “level meter” bar indicates the “level” (velocity) of the incoming MIDI data. The number under the moving “level meter” indicates the Part number. NOTE If your MIDI keyboard is transmitting on channel 1, the Voice of Part 1 should sound. If it is transmitting on another channel, another Part’s Voice will sound. For the sake of these introductory instructions, set your keyboard so that it transmits on channel 1. (Refer to the owner’s manual of that instrument if necessary.) 16 GUIDED TOUR Selecting Voices In this brief section, you’ll learn how to select other Voices. You can do this directly from the panel of the MU80 or remotely, from your MIDI keyboard. Operation 1 First, select a Part. Use the PART q buttons to select Part 1. Press the appropriate button until “01” appears in the PART section of the display. 2 Use the SELECT w buttons to move the arrow cursor to the right side of the instrument icon, as shown below. Solid arrow at Voice number (currently selected). Arrow cursor (indicates currently selected control). The arrow is directly above “PGM#” on the panel, indicating that Program Number is currently selected. Voice name. Voice number (program number). Instrument icon of current Voice. MIDI receive channel for current Part. Use these to move arrow cursor. Part number. (This is selectable only with the PART q buttons.) 3 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the Voice number. In the display below, Voice number 26 has been selected. 17 GUIDED TOUR Play this new Voice from the keyboard. Try selecting other Voices and play them as well. (For a list of all the available Voices, refer to the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. HINT You can rapidly move through the values by holding down one of the VALUE q buttons. You can move even more rapidly by holding down one button and then pressing and holding down the other. For example, to rapidly advance (increase) the value, hold down the VALUE + button and simultaneously press and hold down the VALUE – button. Changing the Voice Bank In the current Sound Module mode (XG), several banks of Voices are available. Each bank can contain up to 128 different Voices. Operation 1 Use the SELECT w buttons to move the arrow cursor to the left side of the instrument icon, as shown below. Solid arrow at Bank number (currently selected). Bank number. Use these to move arrow cursor. Arrow cursor (indicates currently selected control). The arrow is directly above “BANK” on the panel, indicating that Bank number is currently selected. 18 GUIDED TOUR 2 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the Bank number. 3 Finally, use the SELECT w buttons again to move the arrow cursor back to the right side of the instrument icon — for Voice selection. Selecting Voices From Your MIDI Keyboard You can also select Voices remotely from the connected MIDI keyboard. Though the actual operation may differ depending on the keyboard used, the general procedure is the same. (Refer to the owner’s manual of your instrument for specific instructions.) Operation 1 Make sure that your keyboard is set up to send Program Change messages. 2 Use the panel controls to select a program on your keyboard. Generally, if everything has been set up properly, the Voice number and name on the MU80 will change, and will be the same number as the program number you selected on your keyboard. 19 GUIDED TOUR Changing Some of the Settings — Part Controls You can make changes to each individual Part by using the Part controls. These are always displayed in the Play mode, giving you at-a-glance confirmation of the various basic settings of the MU80. Let’s take a look at the Play display again: Voice name, bank number and program number for the selected Part. Note Shift setting for the selected Part. Variation Send setting for the selected Part. Chorus Send setting for the selected Part. Reverb Send setting for the selected Part. Pan setting for the selected Part. Expression setting for the selected Part. Volume setting for the selected Part. MIDI receive channel for the selected Part. Part number. Each of these settings can be made independently for each of the Parts. For example, each Part could have a different Volume setting, or a different Pan setting. Try going through the brief sections below and making some changes in the Part controls yourself. Selecting another Part and changing its MIDI channel Here we’ll select Part 2 and change its MIDI channel to 1, so that it matches the MIDI channel of Part 1. This allows you to play the Voices of both Part 1 and Part 2 over MIDI channel 1. 20 GUIDED TOUR Operation 1 Use the PART q buttons to select Part 2. Part 2. 2 Use the SELECT w buttons to call up the “Rcv CH” display below. Current MIDI Receive Channel. 3 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the MIDI Receive Channel to “A01.” 4 Finally, use the SELECT w buttons to move the arrow cursor back to the instrument icon (so that the Voice name is displayed), and play the MIDI keyboard again. Both “level meter” move together. If both Parts 1 and 2 have been set to MIDI channel 1, both of their “level meters” should move together as you play. And, if the two Parts are set to different Voices, you should hear two different Voices sound at the same time. (To change the Voice for a Part, refer back to Selecting Voices above.) 21 GUIDED TOUR Changing the Volume and Pan settings of a Part Now that you’re playing two Voices at the same time, you may want to adjust their settings. Here, we’ll change the Volume and Pan settings of one Part’s Voice. Operation 1 Use the PART q buttons to select the desired Part (Part 1 or 2). 2 Use the SELECT w buttons to call up the “Volume” display below. Current Volume setting. 3 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the setting, and play the keyboard as you make changes. 4 Now that you’ve adjusted the Volume balance of the two Voices, change one of the Part’s Pan setting. Use the SELECT w buttons to call up the “Pan” display below. Current Pan setting. 5 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the setting, and play the keyboard again as you make changes. If you want, try making changes to some of the other Part controls. The procedure is the same: 1) Use the PART q buttons to select a Part, 2) use the SELECT w buttons to choose the desired control, and 3) use the VALUE q buttons to change the setting. For more information on the Part controls, see page 36. 22 GUIDED TOUR Using Mute/Solo The MU80 has convenient Mute and Solo functions for selectively muting or soloing any of the 32 Parts and A/D Parts A1 and A2. This is especially useful when playing back several Parts from a connected computer or sequencer. Mute lets you silence one Part to hear how all of the other Parts sound without it. Solo lets you isolate a single Part, to hear how that Part sounds by itself. Mute and Solo are effective tools that help you as you edit the Parts, since they allow you to better hear how the changes you make affect specific Voices as well as the overall sound. Operation While playing the keyboard (or during playback of a song from a sequencer), press the MUTE button. Each press cycles through the three functions: Mute, Solo and Normal operation. The selected Part is muted, while all other Parts sound normally. The selected Part is soloed, while all other Parts are muted. All Parts sound normally. 23 GUIDED TOUR Using the A/D Input The MU80 features a special A/D (Analog-to-Digital) Input function that allows you to connect a microphone, electric guitar or other instrument and mix in those signals with the MU80’s Voices. A/D Input is perfect for singing along with your keyboard performance, since it allows you to blend the two signals without the need for an external mixer. Or you can use it to sing or play guitar over backing tracks played from a MIDI sequencer. There are two A/D Parts — A1 and A2 — and they include several different pre-programmed settings that take advantage of the built-in effects of the MU80. Operation 1 Turn down the A/D INPUT control on the front panel. 2 Connect the microphone or instrument to the A/D INPUT jack. 3 Use the PART q buttons to select Part A1. 24 GUIDED TOUR 4 Use the SELECT w buttons to move the arrow cursor to PGM#, as shown below, and use the VALUE q buttons to select number 002. 5 Move the arrow cursor to BANK (with the SELECT w buttons) and use the VALUE q buttons to select the type of input: Mic, Guitar, Keyboard or Audio. This determines the gain level of the input. Select the type corresponding to the input you’ll use. 6 Slowly bring up the A/D INPUT control on the front panel and play the instrument (or sing into the microphone) until the level is appropriate. 7 Now, move the arrow cursor back to PGM# (with the SELECT w buttons) and try selecting some different A/D programs (with the VALUE q buttons). The available programs have been specially programmed to suit the type of input selected. For example, programs for Mic input include Karaoke and Vocal; Guitar input programs include Tube, Stack and Phaser. Explore some of these settings on your own with a microphone and different instruments. 25 GUIDED TOUR Setting Up the MU80 in Your Music System As you learned in the section The MU80 — What It Is and What It Can Do on page 4, the MU80 can be integrated into a variety of setups. It would be impossible to cover all connection possibilities in a short manual as this; however, the section below will help in quickly setting up the MU80 and using it in your system. Connecting With a Computer The MU80 features a built-in host computer interface, allowing you to directly connect it to your computer — eliminating the need of installing a special MIDI interface to your computer. The MU80 can be used with the following computers: Apple Macintosh, IBM PC and the NEC PC-9800 Series. If your computer has a MIDI interface you may want to connect the MU80 to it, rather than using the host computer interface on the MU80. (See the section “Connecting to Other MIDI Devices” on page 28.) Depending on the computer or interface used, set the HOST SELECT switch to the appropriate setting: MIDI, PC-1 (NEC computers), PC-2 (IBM and clones), or Mac (Macintosh). For information on the types of cables that can be used for connection, see the section “MIDI/Computer Connecting Cables” on page 32. Macintosh Follow these instructions if you have an Apple Macintosh not equipped with an external MIDI interface. Connect the TO HOST terminal on the MU80 to the Modem or Printer port on the Macintosh. Modem or Printer Port Macintosh 26 GUIDED TOUR Operation 1 Set the HOST SELECT switch to Mac. 2 Connect the MU80 to the host computer, as shown in the illustration above. Use a standard Macintosh cable (8-pin Mini DIN on both ends; see page 32). 3 Turn on the the host computer, then the MU80. 4 Start up your music software, and set up the appropriate options on the software for operation with the MU80. The options you may have to set include: MIDI Interface Type g Standard MIDI Interface g On (for controlling all 32 Parts of the MU80) MIDI Time Piece Clock g 1 MHz Other options and settings may have to be made as well. Refer to the owner’s manual of your particular music software for more information. IBM PC and Clones Follow these instructions if you have an IBM PC/AT or compatible computer not equipped with an external MIDI interface. Connect the TO HOST terminal on the MU80 to one of the computer’s serial ports, COM 1 or COM 2. Serial Port IBM PC/AT or Compatible Computer NOTE Your music software must be able to recognize the TO HOST connection. Consult your Yamaha dealer for more details. If your software is not compatible, you can still use the MU80 by installing a MIDI interface (internal card or external) to the computer. 27 GUIDED TOUR Operation 1 Set the HOST SELECT switch to PC-2. 2 Connect the MU80 to the host computer, as shown in the illustration above. Use a standard computer cable (8-pin Mini DIN to 9-pin D-SUB; see page 32). 3 Turn on the the host computer, then the MU80. 4 Start up your music software, and set up the appropriate options on the software for operation with the MU80. Refer to the owner’s manual of your particular music software for more information. Connecting to Other MIDI Devices The MU80 is equipped with MIDI IN and OUT terminals, allowing you to use it in any MIDI system. Example uses for the built-in MIDI interface include: ☛ Connecting to a MIDI keyboard (for playing the sounds of the MU80 from that keyboard). ☛ Connecting to a computer equipped with a MIDI interface (either internal or external). ☛ Connecting to a hardware sequencer (such as the Yamaha QY300). ☛ Connecting to a MIDI data storage device (such as the Yamaha MDF2 MIDI Data Filer). MIDI CABLE MIDI OUT Sequencer 28 MIDI IN GUIDED TOUR MIDI CABLE MIDI OUT MIDI IN MIDI OUT MIDI IN MDF2 MIDI CABLE MIDI OUT MIDI IN MIDI OUT MIDI IN MIDI Keyboard Operation 1 Set the HOST SELECT switch to MIDI. 2 Connect the MU80 to the appropriate MIDI device, as shown in the illustrations above. Use a standard MIDI cable (see page 32). 3 Turn on the the connected device, then the MU80. 4 If you are using a computer, start up your music software, and set up the appropriate options on the software for operation with the MU80. 29 GUIDED TOUR Using the MU80 with a MIDI Data Storage Device You can also use the MU80 with a MIDI data storage device, such as the Yamaha MDF2 MIDI Data Filer. This lets you save or back up whatever changes you’ve made in the settings of the Utility and Part Edit modes, as well as changes to the EQ built-in effects and Performances. Then, when you want to recall those settings, you can transfer the appropriate data from the storage device. The MDF2 also allows you to play compatible song data on the MU80 directly from the MDF2 itself, without the need of a sequencer. Make sure that the MU80 is properly connected to the data storage device (via MIDI). (Refer to page 28 for the connection example.) Use the Dump Out function (page 102) to send data to the device. Also refer to the owner’s manual of your data storage device for specific operating instructions in receiving or sending data. 30 GUIDED TOUR Data Flow Block Diagram When HOST SELECT switch is set to MIDI (31,250 bps): TO HOST IN-B IN-A Sound Module A1~16CH OUT THRU Sound Module B1~16CH When HOST SELECT switch is set to PC-1/Mac (31,250 bps): TO HOST IN-B IN-A OUT Sound Module A1~16CH THRU Sound Module B1~16CH When HOST SELECT switch is set to PC-2 (38,400 bps): TO HOST Sound Module A1~16CH IN-B IN-A OUT THRU Sound Module B1~16CH 31 GUIDED TOUR MIDI/Computer Connecting Cables MIDI Standard MIDI cable. Maximum length 15 meters. DIN 5-PIN 4 2 5 4 2 (GND) 5 DIN 5-PIN Mac Apple Macintosh Peripheral cable (M0197). Maximum length 2 meters. MINI DIN 8-PIN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 (HSK i) 1 (HSK o) 5 (RxD –) 4 (GND) 3 (TxD –) 8 (RxD +) 7 (GP i) 6 (TxD +) MINI DIN 8-PIN PC-1 8-pin MINI DIN to D-SUB 25-pin cable. If your PC-1 type computer has a 9-pin serial port, use the PC-2 type cable. Maximum length 1.8 meters. MINI DIN 8-PIN 1 2 3 4 8 5 5 (CTS) 4 (RTS) 3 (RxD) 7 (GND) D-SUB 25-PIN 2 (TxD) PC-2 8-pin MINI DIN to D-SUB 9-pin cable. Maximum length 1.8 meters. MINI DIN 8-PIN 1 2 3 4 8 5 8 (CTS) 7 (RTS) 2 (RxD) 5 (GND) D-SUB 9-PIN 3 (TxD) This concludes your basic tour of the important functions of the MU80. To find out more about how to best use your MU80, look through the Reference section that follows and try out some of the functions and operations that interest you. 32 R EFERENCE The Reference section of this manual covers in detail all of the functions of the MU80. Refer to it when you need information about a specific function, feature or operation. Chorus Distortion Dump Effect EQ Initialize Reverb System Utility Variation MULTI MODE Multi Mode In the Multi mode, the MU80 performs as a multi-timbral tone generator capable of playing up to 32 Parts simultaneously, over 32 MIDI channels. Normally, the MU80 should be set to Multi mode when using it with a sequencer and General MIDI song data. There are three Multi modes: XG, TG300B and C/M. Each mode provides compatibility with different music software and hardware. XG: This stands for Extended General MIDI and provides the full potential of the MU80, giving you access to all 537 Voices. TG300B: This mode provides compatibility with the GM-B mode of the TG300 Tone Generator. C/M: This mode provides compatibility with most computer music software not supported by the other two Multi modes. NOTE When set to the TG300B mode, the MU80 may not be able to play TG300-specific song data with complete accuracy. However, MIDI data designed for other computer music tone generators is compatible with the MU80. To set the Multi mode: 1 Press the MODE button. 2 Use theg SELECT w buttons to select the desired Multi mode: XG, TG300B or C/M. 3 Press the EXIT button or the PLAY button to return to the Play display. XG TG300B C/M PERFORMANCE Indicates currently selected mode. The currently selected mode setting is shown by the arrow at the bottom right of the display. 34 MULTI MODE Multi Play Mode The Play mode (with the main Play display shown below) is the normal operating mode of the MU80. To select the Play mode from any other mode, press the PLAY button. (The Play mode is also automatically selected when you turn on the MU80.) Velocity “level meters” for each Part. Voice number and name for currently selected Part. Current Part number. MIDI port (A or B) and channel number for currently selected Part. NOTE Applications that are capable of controlling 32 Parts (e.g., Performer) are set to a clock rate of 1 MHz. Play Displays The Play mode has three basic displays, that can be changed according to your preference. Simply press the PLAY button repeatedly, and the display alternates as shown below: 1) Shows full “level meter” indication for the A1 and A2 A/D Parts and Parts 1 … 16. Currently selected parameter (here, Voice number and name) is displayed at the right side. 35 MULTI MODE Parts 17 … 32 can be displayed by selecting one of those Parts with the PART q buttons. For example, when Part 18 is selected, the changes as shown below: 2) Shows half “level meter” indication for the A1 and A2 A/D Parts and all 32 Parts. Currently selected parameter (here, Voice number and name) is displayed at top. 3) Shows full “level meter” indication for the A1 and A2 A/D Parts and all 32 Parts. Currently selected parameter is not displayed. Part Controls The Part controls in the Play mode give you tools for adjusting the basic sound and settings for each Part. The MU80 lets you adjust the various settings for each Part individually (Single Part control) or together (All Part control). Each of these types is explained in greater detail below. NOTE In the Multi mode, no settings can be permanently saved to the internal memory of the MU80. However, you can use the Dump Out function to save Multi settings to a MIDI data storage device. (See page 102.) 36 MULTI MODE Single Part Control The Single Part controls include: MIDI Receive Channel, Bank Number, Program Number, Volume, Expression, Pan, Reverb Send, Chorus Send, Variation Send and Note Shift. Selecting Single Part Control Single Part control is automatically called up when the MU80 is turned on. If All Part is selected, simply press both PART q buttons simultaneously (or press the EXIT button) to return to Single Part. Editing in Single Part Operation 1 Select the Part to be edited by using the PART q buttons. 2 Select the desired control for the selected Part by using the SELECT w buttons. 3 Change the value of the selected control by using the VALUE q buttons. MIDI Receive Port/Channel Settings: A1 … A16, B1 … B16 This determines the MIDI IN port (A or B) and the receive channel (1 … 16) for the selected Part. 37 MULTI MODE Bank Number Settings: XG: 000, 001, 003, 006, 008, 012, 014, 016 … 020, 025, 027, 028, 032 … 043, 045, 064 … 072, 096 … 101, SFX TG300B: 000 … 011, 016 … 019, 024 … 026, 032, 033, 040, 080, 126, 127 C/M: Fixed (only one bank) This determines the bank number of the selected Part’s Voice. Each bank contains 128 Voices. (Refer to the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. Program (Voice) Number Range: 1 … 128 This determines the Voice for the selected Part. (Refer to the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. Volume Graphically indicates current Volume setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the Volume setting for the selected Part’s Voice. 38 MULTI MODE Expression Graphically indicates current Expression setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the Expression setting for the selected Part’s Voice. Pan Graphically indicates current Pan setting. Settings: Rnd (Random), L63 … C … R63 This determines the stereo position of the selected Part’s Voice. A setting of “Rnd” (Random) randomly assigns the Voice to a pan position. This is useful when you want to have different Voices sound from different random parts of the stereo image. (The Random setting does not affect the A/D input Parts.) Reverb Send Graphically indicates current Reverb Send setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the level of the selected Part’s Voice that is sent to the Reverb effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” Voice sound. NOTE Keep in mind that the Reverb effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to work as intended. (See page 86.) 39 MULTI MODE Chorus Send Graphically indicates current Chorus Send setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the level of the selected Part’s Voice that is sent to the Chorus effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” Voice sound (no Chorus effect). NOTE Keep in mind that the Chorus effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to work as intended. (See page 88.) Variation Send Graphically indicates current Variation Send setting. Settings: off, on (when Variation Connection is set to INS); 0 … 127 (when Variation Connection is set to SYS) This determines whether the selected Part’s Voice is sent to the Variation effect or not. A setting of “off” results in no Variation effect being applied to the Voice. Note Shift Graphically indicates current Note Shift setting. Range: –24 … +24 semitones This determines the key transposition setting for the Part’s Voice. 40 MULTI MODE All Part Control The All Part controls include: Device Number, Master Volume, Master Attenuator, Reverb Return, Chorus Return, Variation Return and Transpose. Keep in mind that these controls affect all Parts equally, and either add to or subtract from their individual values. For example, if Note Shift on one Part is set to –12, and Transpose (in All Part) is set to +12, that Part’s pitch value will actually be 0 or normal. Selecting All Part Control To select All Part control, press both PART q buttons simultaneously. (or press the EXIT button). (“All” appears in the PART section of the display.) Editing in All Part Operation 1 Select the desired control for all Parts by using the SELECT w buttons. 2 Change the value of the selected control by using the VALUE q buttons. Device Number (DevNo.) Graphically indicates current Device Number setting. Settings: 1 … 16, all This determines the Device Number for the MU80, a kind of MIDI “identification” number to distinguish between multiple units. For 41 MULTI MODE example, if you are using more than one MU80, set a different Device Number for each. This is especially important when using the data dump features. (See page 102.) If you have only one MU80, set this to “all.” Master Volume (M.Volum) Graphically indicates current Master Volume setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the overall Volume of the Parts. Master Attenuator (M.Attn) Graphically indicates current Master Attenuator setting. Range: 0 (maximum volume) … 127 (minimum volume) This determines the level of all Parts, but functions as an attenuator; the greater the value, the lower the volume. This is useful when you are playing several songs and want to keep their overall level consistent. Reverb Return (RevRtn) Graphically indicates current Reverb Return setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the amount of Reverb return in the overall mix. 42 MULTI MODE Chorus Return (ChoRtn) Graphically indicates current Chorus Return setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the amount of Chorus return in the overall mix. Variation Return (VarRtn) Graphically indicates current Variation Return setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the amount of Variation return in the overall mix. Variation Return is only available when the Variation Connection parameter is set to SYS. (See page 91.) Transpose Graphically indicates current Transpose setting. Range: –24 … +24 semitones This determines the overall Transpose setting of the Parts. 43 MULTI MODE Multi Edit Mode The Multi Edit mode features various parameters for controlling the Filter, the EG (Envelope Generator) and Vibrato. It also features a variety of other miscellaneous controls grouped in the Others parameters. When a Drum Part is selected, Drum-related parameters are also available. To enter the Multi Edit mode, press the EDIT button. When a normal Part is selected, the following menu appears: When a Drum Part is selected, the following menu appears: Filter Part Edit Mode Filter Cutoff Frequency Resonance The MU80 features a digital filter that can be used to change the timbre of the Voices. The filter is affected (together with the level) by the EG (Envelope Generator), which allows you to change the timbre over time as well. (See EG, page 46.) 44 MULTI MODE Cutoff Frequency Graphically shows Cutoff Frequency setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Level Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the cutoff frequency of the filter, or the frequency point above which other frequencies are filtered out. Lower cutoff values create a deeper, more rounded tone, while higher values create a thinner, brighter tone. Low (–64) Cutoff Frequency High (+63) Resonance Graphically shows Resonance setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel 45 MULTI MODE Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the amount of filter resonance or emphasis of the Cutoff Frequency parameter above. Higher values increase the emphasis of the Cutoff Frequency, producing a higher resonant peak, while lower values produce a relatively flat response. Level Resonant Peak Lower Resonance Higher Resonance Cutoff Frequency EG (Envelope Generator) Part Edit Mode EG EG Attack Time EG Decay Time EG Release Time Pitch EG Initial Level Pitch EG Attack Time Pitch EG Release Level Pitch EG Release Time The EG parameters allow you to shape the sound of a Part’s Voice — or, in other words, set how the level and timbre of the Voice changes over time. This section also includes independent Pitch Envelope Generator (PEG) parameters for controlling how the pitch of a Part’s Voice changes over time. The relationship of the main EG parameters — Attack, Decay and Release — are shown in the illustration below. These parameters not only affect the sound level, but also the timbre (with the Filter parameters; see page 44). 46 MULTI MODE 1) Short Attack, Decay, Release times: Level Attack Decay Release Max. Min. Time Key is pressed Key is released 2) Long Attack, Decay, Release times: Level Attack Decay Release Max. Min. Time Key is pressed Key is released Even though the key is held for the same length of time in both examples, the sound of the second example slowly reaches full volume and decays over a longer time. It also sustains longer after the key is released. Keep in mind that the EG parameters affect each other, and are affected by how long a note is held. For example, if Decay is set to a low value and the note is held for a long time, you may not be able to hear changes made to the Release parameter. EG Attack Time Graphically shows EG Attack Time setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel 47 MULTI MODE Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the Attack Time of the EG, or how long it takes for the sound to reach full volume when a note is played. For the Filter, this determines how long it takes for the sound to be affected by the maximum Filter values. EG Decay Time Graphically shows EG Decay Time setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the Decay Time of the EG, or how rapidly the sound dies out as a note is held. For the Filter, this determines how long it takes for the Filter effect to die out. EG Release Time Graphically shows EG Release Time setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the Release Time of the EG, or how long the sound sustains after a note is released. For the Filter, this determines how long the Filter effect continues after a note is released. 48 MULTI MODE Pitch EG Parameters The Pitch EG parameters determine how the pitch of a Part’s Voice changes over time. This lets you produce subtle or pronounced pitch changes as a note is played. In the example Pitch EG settings below, a played note is gradually bent up to its normal pitch, and kept there as the note is held. When the note is released, the pitch rapidly climbs up. Pitch High Normal Low Time Key is released NOTE The Pitch EG parameters may have little or no effect, depending on the particular Voice used and the settings made to the main EG parameters. Pitch EG Initial Level (PEGInitLvel) Graphically shows Pitch EG Initial Level setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the initial pitch of the Part’s Voice, when the note is first played. A setting of 0 corresponds to normal pitch. 49 MULTI MODE Pitch EG Attack Time (PEGAtakTime) Graphically shows Pitch EG Attack Time setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the Attack Time of the Pitch EG, or how long it takes for the pitch to return to normal (from the pitch value set in Initial Level above). Pitch EG Release Level (PEGReleLvel) Graphically shows Pitch EG Release Level setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the final pitch of the Part’s Voice, or the pitch that is reached after the note is released. A setting of 0 corresponds to normal pitch. NOTE The Pitch EG Release Level and Time parameters may have no effect if the Voice itself does not sustain after the note is released. (Short percussive Voices may fall into this category.) Also make sure that the main EG Release Time is set to an appropriate value so that the sound sustains. 50 MULTI MODE Pitch EG Release Time (PEGReleTime) Graphically shows Pitch EG Release Time setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the Release Time of the Pitch EG, or how long it takes for the pitch to change to the pitch value set in Release Level above. Vibrato Part Edit Mode Vibrato Vibrato Rate Vibrato Depth Vibrato Delay Vibrato produces a quavering, vibrating sound in the Part’s Voice, by regularly modulating the pitch. You can control the speed and depth of the Vibrato, as well as the time it takes before the Vibrato effect is applied. Vibrato Rate Graphically shows Vibrato Rate setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel 51 MULTI MODE Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the speed of the Vibrato effect. Higher values result in a faster Vibrato sound. Vibrato Depth Graphically shows Vibrato Depth setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the depth of the Vibrato effect. Higher values result in a stronger, more pronounced Vibrato sound. Vibrato Delay Graphically shows Vibrato Delay setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –64 … +63 Default: 0 This determines the delay in the onset of the Vibrato effect. Delay is effective especially on stringed instrument Voices. For example, violin players often use delayed vibrato, especially while playing long notes. The Delay parameter is useful in recreating this effect, producing a more natural, lifelike sound. Higher values result in a longer Delay time. 52 MULTI MODE Others Part Edit Mode Others Detune Part Mode Mono/Poly Mode Velocity Sensitivity Depth Velocity Sensitivity Offset Note Limit Low Note Limit High Portamento Switch Portamento Time Velocity Limit Low Velocity Limit High Dry Level (VarConnect=SYS) Pitch Bend Control MW LFO Pitch Moduration Depth The Others section of parameters contains miscellaneous controls, including those related to tuning, Part Mode, velocity, portamento, note range, etc. Detune Graphically shows Detune setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel 53 MULTI MODE Range: –12.8 … +12.7 Default: 0.0 This determines the fine tuning of the Part’s Voice. HINT Detune could be used to slightly detune a Voice compared to the tuning of the rest of the Voices for a richer sound. It could also be used to detune two different Voices being played in unison. For example if two different Parts are set to the same MIDI channel (see page 37) and same Voice, a naturally thick chorusing effect can be obtained by slightly detuning each Voice in opposite directions here. Part Mode Selected Part and MIDI channel Height of bars indicates selected Part Mode setting for each Part. (A single bar indicates “normal” setting.) Settings: normal, drum, drumS1 … S4 Default: normal (Parts 1 … 9, 11 … 25, 27 … 32) drumS1 (Part 10) drumS3 (Part 26) (When Sound Module mode is set to C/M, both Parts 10 and 26 are set to drumS1.) This determines the mode for the Part. A setting of normal allows selection of the normal instrument Voices. (See the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.) The drum setting allows selection of the drum kits. (See the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet.) The drumS1 … S4 settings are locations for storing specially programmed drum setups. These setups can be edited by using the Drum Setup controls in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 61.) The drum and drumS1 … S4 settings are not available in the Performance mode. The Part Mode settings differ depending on the Sound Module mode selected, as described below. For XG (Extended General MIDI) mode: All settings described above are available. When normal is selected, any of the basic or the extended set of Voices can be used for the Part. 54 MULTI MODE For TG300B mode: The settings normal and drumS1 … S4 are available; drum cannot be selected. When normal is selected, either the basic or the extended set of Voices (for the TG300B mode) can be used for the Part. For C/M mode: The Part Mode settings are fixed in this mode and cannot be changed: Parts 10 and 26 are set to drumS1, and all other Parts are set to normal. The MIDI Receive Channel setting for Parts 1 and 17 is set to off. The 128 Voices of C/M Type 1 can be used for Parts 1 … 9 and 17 … 25; the 64 Voices of C/M Type 2 can be used for Parts 11 … 16 and 27 … 32. For PFM (Performance) mode: All four Parts are set to normal; none of the drum settings are available. Any of the basic or the extended set of Voices can be used for each Part. NOTE When two or more different Parts are set to the same editable drum setup (drumS1 … S4), any edits made to that drum setup automatically affect all those Parts. For example, when two Parts are set to drumS1, any changes made to drumS1 affect both Parts. Mono/Poly Mode Height of bars indicates selected Mono/Poly Mode setting for each Part. (A single bar indicates “mono” setting, while full height indicates “poly.”) Selected Part and MIDI channel Settings: mono, poly Default: poly This determines whether the Part’s Voice is played monophonically (only one note at a time) or polyphonically (up to 64 notes at a time). This parameter is not available when the Part Mode is set to Drum. 55 MULTI MODE Velocity Sensitivity Depth (VelSensDpt) Graphically shows Velocity Sensitivity Depth setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: 0 … 127 Default: 64 This determines the degree to which velocity affects the Part’s Voice. Higher values make the Voice more sensitive to changes in velocity. Velocity Sensitivity Offset (VelSensOfs) Graphically shows Velocity Sensitivity Offset setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: 0 … 127 Default: 64 This determines the volume range over which velocity affects. For lower values, the velocity affects a volume range from minimum to medium-loud. For higher values, velocity affects a range from medium-soft to maximum. 127 Level at 7 12 at 64 at 0 0 Velocity 127 NOTE Depending on the Voice used, if Velocity Sensitivity Offset is set to too low of a value, the Voice may not sound, no matter how strong the velocity. 56 MULTI MODE Note Limit Parameters The Note Limit Low and High parameters allow you to set the range of notes for a Part’s Voice. Notes outside the range will not be played. HINT Note Limit can be used to set up keyboard splits. Set two Parts to the same MIDI channel (see page 37), but give them Note Limit settings so that one Part is played from the left side of the keyboard and the other is played from the right. Note Limit Low (NoteLimitL) Graphically shows Note Limit Low setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: C-2 … G8 Default: C-2 This determines the lowest responding note for the Part. Notes below this value will not be played. Note Limit High (NoteLimitH) Graphically shows Note Limit High setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: C-2 … G8 Default: G8 This determines the highest responding note for the Part. Notes above this value will not be played. 57 MULTI MODE Portamento Parameters Portamento is a function that creates a smooth pitch glide from one note to another. Portamento Switch (PortametSw) Height of bars indicates selected Portamento Switch setting for each Part. (A single bar indicates “off” setting, while full height indicates “on.”) Selected Part and MIDI channel Settings: off, on Default: off This determines whether Portamento is on or off for the Part. (This parameter is not available for Drum Parts.) Portamento Time (PortametTm) Graphically shows Portamento Time setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: 0 … 127 Default: 0 This determines the time of the Portamento effect, or how long it takes to glide the pitch from one note to the next. Higher values result in a longer pitch glide time. (This parameter is not available for Drum Parts.) Velocity Limit Parameters The Velocity Limit Low and High parameters allow you to set the effective velocity range for a Part’s Voice. Velocity values outside the range will not be played. (Velocity is generally the strength at which notes are played from a MIDI keyboard.) 58 MULTI MODE HINT Velocity Limit can be used to set up velocity splits. A velocity split allows you to have one Part’s Voice sound when you play the connected keyboard strongly, and a different Voice sound when you play softly. Set two Parts to the same MIDI channel (see page 37), but give them different Velocity Limit settings so that one or the other sounds depending on how strongly you play the keyboard. Velocity Limit Low (VelLimitLo) Graphically shows Velocity Limit Low setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: 1 … 127 Default: 1 This determines the lowest velocity value at which the Part’s Voice will play. The higher the value, the harder the keyboard must be played for the Voice to sound. Velocity Limit High (VelLimitHi) Graphically shows Velocity Limit High setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: 1 … 127 Default: 127 This determines the highest velocity value at which the Part’s Voice will play. The lower the value, the less strength needed (in playing the keyboard) to get maximum volume. 1 no sound VelLimitLo no 127 sound VelLimitHi 59 MULTI MODE Dry Level Range: 1 … 127 Default: 127 This determines the level of the unprocessed sound of the Voice (sound with no effect processing). This parameter is only available when the Variation Connection parameter is set to SYS. (See page 91.) Pitch Bend Control (PitBndCtrl) Graphically shows Pitch Bend Control setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: –24 … +24 semitones (+/– 2 octaves) Default: +2 This determines the Pitch Bend range for the Part’s Voice. (Pitch Bend is usually controlled by a pitch bend wheel on a MIDI keyboard.) Modulation Wheel — LFO Pitch Modulation Depth (MW LFOPMod) Graphically shows LFO Pitch Modulation Depth setting for each Part. Selected Part and MIDI channel Range: 0 … 127 Default: 10 This determines how widely the pitch is modulated by the LFO (low frequency oscillator). This is generally controlled from a modulation wheel on a MIDI keyboard and produces a vibrato effect. The higher the value, the deeper the pitch modulation, and hence, the more pronounced the vibrato effect. 60 MULTI MODE Drum Setup Controls The Drum Setup controls allow you to make a wide variety of settings for the drum sounds in a Drum Part. These settings include Pitch controls, Level, Pan, effect send, filter controls and EG (Envelope Generator), among others. Moreover, these parameters can be set to completely independent values for each of the drum sounds in a Part. Calling Up the Drum Setup Menu To call up the Drum Setup menu, select a Part for which a Drum Part has been assigned. The Drum Setup controls automatically come up in the Edit mode. For example, if Part 10 is assigned a Drum Part, the Drum Setup menu will appear in the main Edit menu: Use the SELECT w buttons to select “DRUM” in the display, and press the ENTER button. Use these to select the note number. (Can also be selected by pressing appropriate key on connected MIDI keyboard.) Currently selected parameter name and value. Currently selected note and assigned drum sound. Use these to select the parameter. Use these to change the parameter value. 61 MULTI MODE Operation 1 Select the desired note number and its assigned drum sound with the PART q buttons. For a list of the available sounds and their note assignments, see the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. HINT You can also select the desired note number by simply pressing the appropriate key on a connected MIDI keyboard. 2 Select the desired parameter with the SELECT w buttons. Refer to the descriptions below for details on the individual parameters. 3 Change the parameter value with the VALUE q buttons. Drum Setup Parameters Pitch Coarse Range: –64 … +63 This determines the coarse pitch setting of the selected drum sound. This parameter is only available when the Part Mode has been set to DrumS1 … S4. (See page 54.) Pitch Fine Range: –64 … +63 This determines the fine pitch setting of the selected drum sound. Level Range: 0 … 127 This determines the volume of the selected drum sound. Pan Settings: Rnd (Random), L63 … C … R63 This determines the stereo position of the selected drum sound. A setting of “Rnd” (Random) randomly assigns the drum to a pan position. This is useful when you want to have different drums sound from different random parts of the stereo image. Reverb Send (Rev Send) Range: 0 … 127 This determines the level of the selected drum sound that is sent to the Reverb effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” drum sound, no matter how much Reverb is applied to the Drum Part. 62 MULTI MODE NOTE Keep in mind that the Reverb effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to work as intended. (See page 86.) Also, the parameters Reverb Send in Single Part control (page 39) and Reverb Return in All Part control (page 42) must be set to appropriate values. Chorus Send (Cho Send) Range: 0 … 127 This determines the level of the selected drum sound that is sent to the Chorus effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” drum sound, no matter how much Chorus is applied to the Drum Part. NOTE Keep in mind that the Chorus effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to work as intended. (See page 88.) Also, the parameters Chorus Send in Single Part control (page 40) and Chorus Return in All Part control (page 43) must be set to appropriate values. Variation Send (Var Send) Settings: off, on (when Variation Connection is set to INS); 0 … 127 (when Variation Connection is set to SYS) This determines the level of the selected drum sound that is sent to the Variation effect. A setting of off results in a completely “dry” drum sound, no matter how much Variation is applied to the Drum Part. NOTE Keep in mind that the Variation effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to work as intended. (See page 89.) Also, the Variation Send parameter in the Part controls must be set to on. (See page 40.) Cutoff Frequency (CutoffFreq) Level Range: –64 … +63 This determines the cutoff frequency of the filter applied to the selected drum sound, or the frequency point around which other frequencies are filtered out. Lower cutoff values create a deeper, more rounded tone, while higher values create a thinner, brighter tone. Low (–64) Cutoff Frequency High (+63) 63 MULTI MODE Resonance Range: –64 … +63 This determines the amount of filter resonance or emphasis of the Cutoff Frequency parameter above. Higher values increase the emphasis of the Cutoff Frequency, producing a higher resonant peak, while lower values produce a relatively flat response. Level Resonant Peak Lower Resonance Higher Resonance Cutoff Frequency Alternate Group (AlterGroup) Settings: off, 1 … 127 This determines the group assignment of the selected drum sound. Drums assigned to the same group cannot be sounded simultaneously. In other words, if one drum in a group is sounding while a second in the same group is played, the first drum sound will be cut off and the second will sound. HINT The main use for this parameter is in creating realistic hi-hat sounds. By assigning an open hi-hat and a closed hi-hat to the same group, you can “choke” or stop the open hi-hat sound by simply playing the closed hi-hat — just like pressing the pedal on an actual hi-hat set. Receive Note On (RcvNoteOn) Settings: on, off Default: on This determines how the selected drum sound responds to MIDI Note On messages. Normally, this should be set to on so that the corresponding drum sound plays when a MIDI Note On message is received. Set this to off when you want to keep the selected drum sound from playing. 64 MULTI MODE Receive Note Off Settings: on, off Default: off This determines how the selected drum sound responds to MIDI Note Off messages. When this is set to on, the selected sound will stop in response to the corresponding MIDI Note Off message. An on setting is good for some sustained sounds (like a whistle), or for key-controlled cymbal “chokes.” For most drum sounds, however, this should be set to off so that the drum sound plays back in its entirety (is not cut off). EG Attack Range: –64 … +63 This determines the Attack Time of the EG (Envelope Generator), or how long it takes for the sound of the selected drum sound to reach full volume when a note is played. (See page 46 for more information about the EG function; also see illustration below.) EG Decay 1 Range: –64 … +63 This determines the Decay 1 time of the EG, or how rapidly the sound dies down to the Decay 2 level. (See illustration below.) Higher values result in a longer Decay time. EG Decay 2 Range: –64 … +63 This determines the Decay 2 time of the EG, or how rapidly the sound dies out completely. (See illustration below.) Higher values result in a longer Decay time. Level EG Attack EG Decay 1 EG Decay 2 Time 65 PERFORMANCE MODE Performance Mode In the Performance mode, the MU80 performs as a four-Part tone generator, with all Parts controlled over a single MIDI channel. The Performance mode is so named because it’s ideally suited to live performance situations. It allows you to play four different Voices at the same time from your MIDI keyboard — either in a layer, or in sophisticated keyboard and velocity splits. It also gives you comprehensive control over each of the four Parts for maximum performance flexibility. A total of 256 Performances are available: 64 × 2 Preset and 128 Internal. NOTE Drum Parts are not available in the Performance mode. Performance Play Mode To set the Performance mode and call up Performance Play: 1 Press the MODE button. 2 Use the SELECT w button to select “PFM” (PERFORMANCE). 3 Press the EXIT button or the PLAY button to return to the Play display. XG TG300B C/M PERFORMANCE Indicates Performance mode. 66 PERFORMANCE MODE Selecting a Performance and its Individual Parts To call up a Preset or Internal Performance and select individual Parts of that Performance: 1 From the Performance Play mode (see section above), press the PART q buttons simultaneously, so that the All Part display is shown. Indicates All Part display. NOTE The display is automatically set to All Part when the Performance Play mode is selected. 2 Use the SELECT w buttons to select the Bank parameter, then use the VALUE q buttons to select the desired bank, Preset (Pre) or Internal (Int). Preset bank: Bottom half of keyboard player icon is shown in reverse display to indicate Preset Performance bank. Internal bank: Top half of keyboard player icon is shown in reverse display to indicate Internal Performance bank. 67 PERFORMANCE MODE 3 Use the SELECT w buttons to select the Program Number parameter, then use the VALUE q buttons to select the desired Performance number. Performance number 4 From the All Part display, press the PART q buttons simultaneously, so that the Single Part display is shown. Indicates currently selected Part. 5 Select the desired Part by using the PART q buttons. 6 Select the desired Voice bank for the Part by using the SELECT w buttons to select the Bank parameter, and using the VALUE q buttons to change the bank number. 7 Select the desired Voice for the Part by using the SELECT w buttons to select the Program Number parameter, and using the VALUE q buttons to change the Voice number. To return to the All Part display from the Single Part display, either press the PART q buttons simultaneously, or press the EXIT button. 68 PERFORMANCE MODE Performance Part Control Single Part Bank Number Settings: XG: 000, 001, 003, 006, 008, 012, 014, 016 … 020, 025, 027, 028, 032 … 043, 045, 064 … 072, 096 … 101, SFX TG300B: 000 … 011, 016 … 019, 024 … 026, 032, 033, 040, 080, 126, 127 C/M: Fixed (only one bank) This determines the bank number of the selected Part’s Voice. Each bank contains 128 Voices. (Refer to the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. Program (Voice) Number Range: –1 … 128 This determines the Voice for the selected Part. (Refer to the SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. 69 PERFORMANCE MODE Volume Graphically indicates current Volume setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the Volume setting for the selected Part’s Voice. Pan Graphically indicates current Pan setting. Settings: Rnd (Random), L63 … C … R63 This determines the stereo position of the selected Part’s Voice. A setting of “Rnd” (Random) randomly assigns the Voice to a pan position. This is useful when you want to have different Voices sound from different random parts of the stereo image. Reverb Send (Rev Send) Graphically indicates current Reverb Send setting. Range: –0 … 127 This determines the level of the selected Part’s Voice that is sent to the Reverb effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” Voice sound. NOTE Keep in mind that the Reverb effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to work as intended. (See page 86.) 70 PERFORMANCE MODE Chorus Send (Cho Send) Graphically indicates current Chorus Send setting. Range: –0 … 127 This determines the level of the selected Part’s Voice that is sent to the Chorus effect. A value of 0 results in a completely “dry” Voice sound (no Chorus effect). NOTE Keep in mind that the Chorus effect must be properly enabled and set for this parameter to work as intended. (See page 88.) Variation Send (Var Send) Graphically indicates current Variation Send setting. Settings: off, on (when Variation Connection is set to INS); 0 … 127 (when Variation Connection is set to SYS) This determines whether the selected Part’s Voice is sent to the Variation effect or not. A setting of off or 0 results in no Variation effect being applied to the Voice. Note Shift (NoteSft) Graphically indicates current Note Shift setting. Range: –24 … +24 semitones This determines the key transposition setting for the Part’s Voice. 71 PERFORMANCE MODE All Part System MIDI Channel (Sys CH) Graphically indicates current System MIDI Channel setting. Settings: 1 … 16, all This determines the MIDI receive channel for all Parts of the Performance. When this is set to “all,” the Performance responds over any incoming MIDI channel. Performance Bank Settings: Pre (Preset), Int (Internal) This determines the bank of Performance programs: Preset or Internal. Preset Performances are those that have been created and loaded at the factory; the Internal bank is reserved for user-created Performances. Performance Number Range: 1 … 128 This determines the Performance number. 72 PERFORMANCE MODE Performance Volume (Pfm Vol) Graphically indicates current Performance Volume setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the overall Volume of the Performance. Performance Pan (Pfm Pan) Graphically indicates current Performance Pan setting. Range: –L63 … C … R63 This determines the overall Pan position of the Performance. Reverb Return (RevRtn) Graphically indicates current Reverb Return setting. Range: –0 … 127 This determines the amount of Reverb return for the Performance in the overall mix. 73 PERFORMANCE MODE Chorus Return (ChoRtn) Graphically indicates current Chorus Return setting. Range: –0 … 127 This determines the amount of Chorus return for the Performance in the overall mix. Variation Return (VarRtn) Graphically indicates current Variation Return setting. Range: 0 … 127 This determines the amount of Variation return in the overall mix of the Performance. Variation Return is only available when the Variation Connection parameter is set to SYS. (See page 91.) System Transpose (SysTran) Graphically indicates current Transpose setting. Range: –24 … +24 semitones This determines the overall Transpose setting of the Performance. 74 PERFORMANCE MODE Performance Edit Mode The Performance Edit mode features various functions and parameters, grouped in the following sections: Common (related to the Performance as a whole), Part (related to each of the four Parts), and the Copy and Store operations. To enter the Performance Edit mode, press the EDIT button (from the Performance Play mode). The following menu appears: Common The Common parameters allow you to name a Performance, enable the A/D Parts for a Performance, and set the control change number for realtime parameter control. Performance Name (Perform Name) This allows you to give a name to your edited Performance. 75 PERFORMANCE MODE Operation 1 From the Performance Name display, press the ENTER button. Performance name 2 Use the SELECT w buttons to select the character position (flashing character) in the name and use the VALUE q buttons to change the character at that position. Flashes to indicate character position. Use these to move among character positions. Use these to change character at selected position. Up to 12 characters can be used for the Performance name. Available characters include all letters of the alphabet, in both upper and lower case, numbers from 0 to 9, and a variety of miscellaneous characters. 3 Press the EXIT button to return to the previous display (or press the PLAY button to return to the Play display). After creating and naming a Performance, you’ll probably want to save that Performance for future recall. For instructions on saving a Performance, refer to the Store operation on page 84. 76 PERFORMANCE MODE A/D Part Height of bars indicates A/D Part setting. (A single bar indicates “off” setting, while full height indicates “on.”) Settings: off, on This determines whether A/D Parts are enabled for the Performance or not. When set to “on,” Parts 3 and 4 are automatically set as A/D Parts (A1 and A2). HINT You can use the MU80 strictly as an effect processor for the A/D input (for example, your guitar or microphone) by Soloing the appropriate A/D Part (A1 or A2). Assignable Controller1 Control Change Number (AC1 CC No.) Graphically indicates Control Change Number setting. Range: 0 … 95 This determines which Control Change number will be used for Assignable Controller 1 in the Performance. Assignable Controller 1 can be used to affect the Filter (page 44), the Amplitude or the Variation effect (page 89). HINT Though this parameter allows you to assign any control change number from 0 to 95, only a few of these are in common use. The controllers most likely to be encountered include: 01 — Modulation wheel or lever 02 — Breath controller 04 — Foot controller 07 — Volume controller 77 PERFORMANCE MODE Some or all of these may be available on your MIDI instrument, and can be used to control certain functions on the MU80 in real time. Some MIDI instruments allow you to change the control change number for a particular controller: for example, setting the modulation wheel (normally 01) to control Volume (07). Refer to the owner’s manual of your particular instrument for more information. Part Performance Edit Mode Part Filter Cutoff Frequency Resonance EG EG Attack Time EG Decay Time EG Release Time Pitch EG Initial Level Pitch EG Attack Time Pitch EG Release Level Pitch EG Release Time Vibrato Vibrato Rate Vibrato Depth Vibrato Delay 78 PERFORMANCE MODE Others Detune Mono/Poly Mode Velocity Sensitivity Depth Velocity Sensitivity Offset Note Limit Low Note Limit High Portamento Switch Portamento Time Velocity Limit Low Velocity Limit High Dry Level (VarConnect=SYS) MW LFO Pitch Moduration Depth MW LFO Filter Moduration Depth Pitch Bend Control Assignable Control 1 Filter Control Assignable Control 1 Amplitude Control The Part menu contains the Filter, EG, Vibrato and Others parameters for the Performance. Filter The Filter section of Performance Edit parameters are the same as the corresponding parameters in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 44.) EG The EG section of Performance Edit parameters are the same as the corresponding parameters in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 46.) 79 PERFORMANCE MODE Vibrato The Vibrato section of Performance Edit parameters are the same as the corresponding parameters in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 51.) Others The Others section of Performance Edit parameters contains miscellaneous controls, including those related to tuning, velocity, portamento, note range, etc. With a few additional parameters, these are the same as the parameters in the Multi Edit mode. NOTE The Part Edit parameter (available in Multi Edit) is not available in Performance Edit mode. No Drum Parts can be selected for a Performance. Detune Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 53.) Mono/Poly Mode Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 55.) Velocity Sensitivity Depth (VelSensDpt) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 56.) Velocity Sensitivity Offset (VelSensOfs) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 56.) Note Limit Low (NoteLimitL) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 57.) Note Limit High (NoteLimitH) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 57.) Portamento Switch (PortametSw) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 58.) 80 PERFORMANCE MODE Portamento Time (PortametTm) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 58.) Velocity Limit Low (VelLimitLo) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 59.) Velocity Limit High (VelLimitHi) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 59.) Dry Level Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 60.) This parameter is only available when the Variation Connection parameter is set to SYS. (See page 91.) Modulation Wheel — LFO Pitch Modulation Depth (MWLFO PMod) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 60.) Modulation Wheel — LFO Filter Modulation Depth (MWLFO FMod) Graphically shows LFO Filter Modulation Depth setting for each Part. Range: –0 … 127 This determines how widely the filter is modulated by the LFO (low frequency oscillator). This is generally controlled from a modulation wheel on a MIDI keyboard and, depending on the character of the sound, produces a “swoosh” filter sweep effect. The higher the value, the deeper the filter modulation, and hence, the more pronounced the filter sweep effect. Pitch Bend Control (PitBndCtrl) Same as the corresponding parameter in the Multi Edit mode. (See page 60.) 81 PERFORMANCE MODE Assignable Control 1 Filter Control (AC1FilCtrl) Graphically shows AC1 Filter Control setting for each Part. Range: –64 … +63 This determines the degree to which Assignable Controller 1 affects the Filter. A setting of 0 results in no control over the Filter. Negative settings affect the Filter negatively; in other words, when the controller is at the minimum position, control over the filter is greatest. In the illustration below, a foot controller is used as Assignable Controller 1. For positive values: Minimum effect Maximum effect For negative values: Maximum effect Minimum effect Assignable Control 1 Amplitude Control (AC1AmpCtrl) Graphically shows AC1 Amplitude Control setting for each Part. Range: –64 … +63 This determines the degree to which Assignable Controller 1 affects the Amplitude (level or volume). A setting of 0 results in no control over the Amplitude. Negative settings affect the Amplitude negatively; in other words, when the controller is at the minimum position, control over the Amplitude is greatest. 82 PERFORMANCE MODE Copy and Store Operations The Copy and Store operations allow you to save and organize the Performances you’ve created. Copy The Copy operation allows you to copy the settings of one Performance program (Preset or Internal) to another Performance number (Internal only). Operation 1 From the Performance Edit menu, use the SELECT w buttons to select “COPY.” Then, press the ENTER button to call up the Copy operation. 2 Use the SELECT w buttons to select the desired parameter: memory location, source number or destination number. (The selected parameter flashes.) Then use the VALUE q buttons to change the value. 83 PERFORMANCE MODE Memory location (P = Preset, I = Internal) Source Performance number Use these to select desired parameter. Destination Performance number Use these to change value. 3 Press the ENTER button to actually execute the Copy operation. An “Executing…” message flashes in the display during the operation. When the data has been copied, the MU80 returns to the Performance Edit menu. To cancel the operation without copying, press the EXIT button (before pressing ENTER). Store Once you’ve edited or created a Performance, you can save that new Performance for future recall by using the Store operation. Performances can be saved to any one of the 128 Internal memory locations. With the exception of the Receive Channel and Transpose (Note Shift) settings made from the Play screen, all parameter settings in the Play screen and in the Edit, Effect and EQ modes are saved to the selected Performance number. Operation 1 From the Performance Edit menu, use the SELECT w buttons to select “STORE.” Then, press the ENTER button to call up the Store operation. 84 PERFORMANCE MODE 2 Use the VALUE q buttons to change the destination Performance number. Performance number Use these to change Performance number. 3 Press the ENTER button to actually execute the Store operation. An “Executing...” message flashes in the display during the operation. When the data has been stored, the MU80 returns to the Performance Edit menu. To cancel the operation without saving, press the EXIT button (before pressing ENTER). 85 EFFECT EDIT MODE Effect Edit Mode The MU80 features a built-in multi-effect processor with five independent digital effects: Reverb, Chorus, Variation, Distortion and EQ. The first four of these are controlled in the Effect Edit mode. In this section, only the effect Types and the global parameters common to all Types are covered. For descriptions and details on the parameters for each effect Type, refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. To enter the Effect Edit mode, press the EFFECT button. The following menu appears: Reverb (REV) Reverb recreates the sounds of various performance environments by adding an ambient wash of delays or reflections. Several different types of Reverb effects are available to simulate the ambience of different sized rooms. Explanations of the Reverb Type and Reverb Pan parameters are given below. For descriptions and explanations for all other Reverb parameters, refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. Type 86 EFFECT EDIT MODE Settings: NO EFFECT, HALL 1, HALL 2, ROOM 1, ROOM 2, ROOM 3, STAGE 1, STAGE 2, PLATE, WHITE ROOM, TUNNEL, CANYON, BASEMENT Default: HALL 1 This determines the Reverb Type. Each Reverb Type has different values for the rest of the Reverb parameters; for example, Basement has a Reverb Time of 0.6 seconds, while Canyon has a Reverb Time of 12.0 seconds. NOTE When “NO EFFECT” is selected, Reverb is off and none of the other Reverb parameters are available (with the exception of the Reverb Pan parameter). HINT Generally when using Reverb, you can simply select the particular Type needed, and use it without bothering to adjust the other parameters. If fine tuning of the Reverb sound is necessary, delve into the other parameters as needed. Reverb Pan (RevPan) Range: L63 … C … R63 This determines the Pan position of the Reverb sound, or where it appears in the stereo image. For details on the parameters for each Reverb Type, refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. 87 EFFECT EDIT MODE Chorus The Chorus section uses pitch modulation to create a variety of rich, spacious-sounding effects, including Chorus, Flanger, Symphonic and Phaser. Explanations of the Chorus Type and Chorus Pan parameters are given below. For descriptions and explanations for all other Chorus parameters, refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. Type Settings: NO EFFECT, CHORUS 1, CHORUS 2, FLANGER 1, FLANGER 2, SYMPHONIC, PHASER Default: CHORUS 1 This determines the Chorus Type. Depending on the Type selected, the specific parameters and values may differ. Chorus 1 and 2 are used to subtly enhance the sound, and generally make it richer, fatter and warmer. Flanger uses modulation to create an animated, swirling motion effect, and produces a characteristic metallic sound. Symphonic also subtly enhances the sound by making a single instrument Voice sound like several. Phaser is similar to Flanger, but with a stronger and deeper modulation. NOTE When NO EFFECT is selected, Chorus is off and none of the other Chorus parameters are available (with the exception of the Chorus Pan and Send Chorus to Reverb parameters). Chorus Pan (ChoPan) 88 EFFECT EDIT MODE Range: L63 … C … R63 This determines the Pan position of the Chorus sound, or where it appears in the stereo image. Send Chorus to Reverb (SendCho → Rev) Range: 0 … 127 This determines the level of the Chorus signal sent to and processed by the Reverb effect. A setting of 0 results in none of the Chorusprocessed signal going to the Reverb. HINT Setting this to a relatively high level gives you a more natural sound, since the Chorus-processed sound is also being processed by the reverb. More unusual effects can be created by having a long Reverb and setting this to 0, so that the Chorus sound is dry (no Reverb) and the original sound is “drenched” in Reverb. For details on the parameters for each Chorus Type, refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. Variation The Variation section provides a wealth of additional effects for processing the Voices of the MU80. It features some of the same effects found in the Reverb, Chorus and Distortion sections. This is not mere redundancy; it allows you to use two types of Reverb Chorus or Distortion on different Voices. For example, you may want to have the Flanger effect on one Voice and Phaser on another. Variation also gives you many special effects not found in the other sections, such as Delay, Gate Reverb, Wah and Pitch Change. The Variation section of effects can be applied either to a single selected Part or to all Parts, depending on the connection setting: Insertion or System. (See About the Effect Connections — System and Insertion on page 93 for more information.) Explanations of the Variation Type and other common parameters are given below. For specific descriptions of Variation Types and explanations for all other Variation parameters, refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. 89 EFFECT EDIT MODE Type Settings: NO EFFECT; HALL 1 & 2; ROOM 1 … 3; STAGE 1 & 2; PLATE; DELAY LCR; DELAY L,R; ECHO; CROSS DELAY; EARLY REFLECTION 1 & 2; GATE REVERB; REVERSE GATE; KARAOKE 1 … 3; CHORUS 1 & 2; FLANGER 1 & 2; SYMPHONIC; ROTARY SPEAKER; TREMOLO; AUTO PAN; PHASER; DISTORTION; OVERDRIVE; AMP SIMULATOR; 3-BAND EQ; 2-BAND EQ; AUTO WAH; PITCH CHANGE; AURAL EXCITER; TOUCH WAH; COMPRESSOR; NOISE GATE; THRU NOTE When NO EFFECT or THRU is selected for the Type, no Variation effect is applied, and only the common parameters shown below are available (with the exception of Dry/Wet). The NO EFFECT setting cancels the Variation effect. When the Variation Connection is set to SYS (System), the sound can be heard with no effect. When the Variation Connection is set to INS (Insertion), no sound is output for the Part. When set to THRU, the sound of the Part (or Parts) is output without any Variation effect. Generally, when Variation Connection is set to INS (Insertion), you should set the Type to Thru. When Variation Connection is set to SYS (System), you should set the Type to NO EFFECT. Common Parameters (Insertion connection): Dry/Wet Range: D63>W … (D=W) … D<W63 Adjusts the level balance of original sound (dry, or D) and processed sound (wet, or W). A setting of (D=W) results in an equal balance of dry and wet sound. Assignable Controller 1 Variation Control (AC1VarCtrl) Range: 0 … 127 Determines the amount of effect the Assignable Controller has on the Variation effect. 90 EFFECT EDIT MODE Common Parameters (System connection): Variation Pan (VarPan) Range: L63 … C … R63 Determines the pan position of the Variation effect. Send Variation to Chorus (SendVar→Cho) Range: 0 … 127 Determines the amount of Variation effect sound that is sent to the Chorus effect. Send Variation to Reverb (SendVar→Rev) Range: 0 … 127 Determines the amount of Variation effect sound that is sent to the Reverb effect. Variation Connection (VarConnect) Settings: INS (Insertion), SYS (System) Determines how the Variation effect is connected in the effect chain of the MU80. When set to SYS (System), Variation is applied to all Parts, according to the amount of Variation Send set for each Part. When set to INS (Insertion), Variation is applied to only the selected Part, set in Variation Send. (See page 93.) NOTE The common parameters above are common to nearly all the Variation effect types. (Exceptions are described in the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. Distortion The Distortion effects give you everything from subtle, warm overdrive to full-blown, hard-edged distortion. Also included in this section is a three-band equalizer program. Explanations of the Distortion Type, Dry/Wet Balance and Distortion Part parameters are given below. For descriptions and explanations for all other Reverb parameters, refer to the separate SOUND LIST & MIDI DATA booklet. The Distortion effects are set up for Insertion routing and can be applied only to a single selected Part. Refer to About the Effect Connections — System and Insertion on page 93 for more information. 91 EFFECT EDIT MODE Type Settings: THRU, DISTORTION, OVERDRIVE, 3-BAND EQ This determines the Distortion Type. Distortion and Overdrive have the same parameters, while the Three-band EQ program has a completely different set of parameters. Distortion provides a rich, hard-edged distortion sound. Overdrive recreates the warm, natural sound of a tube amp being overdriven. Both include tone controls for the high frequencies. The Three-band EQ program provides fine tone control of the sound in three separate frequency bands, and includes special frequency and bandwidth controls for the mid-range. NOTE When Thru is selected, no Distortion or EQ is applied, and none of the parameters are available (with the exception of the Distortion Part parameter). Dry/Wet Balance Range: D63>W … (D=W) … D<W63 This determines the balance between the direct, unprocessed signal (dry) and the Distortion-processed sound (wet). Use this parameter together with the Output Level parameter above to obtain the desired overall sound. Distortion Part (Dist Part) Range: Part 1 … 32, AD 1, AD 2, off This determines the Part to which the Distortion effect is applied. Distortion can be applied to only one Part at a time. HINT If you wish to use Distortion on one Part and yet have Overdrive on another Part, you can use the Distortion or Overdrive effect in the Variation section. (See page 89.) 92 EFFECT EDIT MODE About the Effect Connections — System and Insertion The multi-effects of the MU80 provide not only a wide range of sound processing controls, but also a flexible system for connecting them. Unlike simple effect routing schemes on conventional sound modules that process all voices with the same effects, the MU80 allows you to put independent, special effects on one or two Parts, as well as use overall effects for processing all 34 Parts together. For example, you can have a Distortion effect on a guitar Part and a rotary speaker effect for an organ Part, yet still use ambient effects such as Reverb and Chorus for processing the overall mix. All the effect sections are connected or routed in one of two ways: System or Insertion. System applies the selected effect to all 34 Parts, while Insertion applies the selected effect to one specific Part. Reverb, Chorus, and EQ are all System effects, and Distortion is an Insertion effect. The Variation effect section, on the other hand, can be configured for either System or Insertion routing. (This is done from the Variation Connection parameter; see page 91.) Since System and Insertion are part of the XG MIDI (Extended General MIDI) format, you can create and play back song data using the same flexible effect routings on any tone generator or sound module having the XG mark. NOTE The Variation Connection default setting is Insertion. The illustrations and explanations below cover the System and Insertion connections in greater detail. 93 distortion part DIST part A1 distotion on/off dry level rev send REVERB cho send reverb return reverb pan PAN chorus return chorus pan var send dry level DIST part A2 distotion on/off send chorus to reverb rev send cho send var send dry level DIST part 1 distotion on/off CHORUS rev send PAN cho send var send OUT EQ send variation to chorus send variation to reverb dry level DIST part 32 distotion on/off VARIATION rev send variation return variation pan PAN cho send var send DRY LINE NOTES The Part to which Distortion is applied is determined by the Distortion Part parameter in the Distortion section (page 91). ● Even though the System routing applies the selected effect to all Parts, you can control how much the Reverb, Chorus and Variation effects are applied to any individual Part (with the Reverb Send, Chorus Send and Variation Send parameters in the Single Part controls; see pages 39…40). For the effects to be properly heard, the Reverb Return, Chorus Return and Variation Return parameters in the All Parts controls must also be set to appropriate values (see pages 42…43). ● The stereo position of the effects is controlled by the Reverb Pan, Chorus Pan and Variation Pan parameters; see pages 87, 88, 91. ● You can set Reverb, Chorus and Variation to be routed in parallel or in serial, and you can determine the amount of Variation effect that is sent to Chorus and Reverb, as well as the amount of Chorus that is sent to Reverb. This is done with the Send Variation to Chorus (page 91), Send Variation to Reverb (page 91), and Send Chorus to Reverb (page 89) parameters. When these are all set to 0, all three effects are in parallel routing. Higher values for each provide varying degrees of serial routing. ● EFFECT EDIT MODE Thick line indicates stereo signal. Distortion can be applied to only one Part at a time. When Variation is set to System: 94 VARIATION CONNECTION = SYSTEM When Variation is set to Insertion: VARIATION CONNECTION = INSERTION Distortion can be applied to only one Part at a time. Thick line indicates stereo signal. The variation effect can be applied to only one Part at a time. variation part distotion part dry DIST VAR rev send part A1 distotion on/off variation on/off REVERB cho send reverb return reverb pan PAN chorus return chorus pan dry DIST part A2 distotion on/off VAR variation on/off rev send cho send send chorus to reverb dry DIST part1 distotion on/off VAR variation on/off rev send cho send CHORUS PAN EQ OUT dry DIST part32 distotion on/off VAR variation on/off rev send cho send DRY LINE NOTES As with System above, the Part to which Distortion is applied is determined by the Distortion Part parameter in the Distortion section (page 91). Also, the Part to which Variation is applied is determined by the Variation Send control in the Single Part controls (page 40). ● As with System above, the effects cannot be properly heard unless the Reverb Send, Chorus Send and Variation Send parameters in the Single Part controls (pages 39…40) and the Reverb Return and Chorus Return parameters in the All Parts controls are set to appropriate values. ● The stereo position of the effects is controlled by the Reverb Pan and Chorus Pan parameters. (See pages 87…88.) ● You can set Reverb and Chorus to be routed in parallel or in serial, and you can determine the amount of Chorus that is sent to Reverb. This is done with the Send Chorus to Reverb parameter (see page 89). When this is set to 0, Reverb and Chorus are in parallel routing. Higher values for each provide varying degrees of serial routing. ● EFFECT EDIT MODE 95 EQUALIZER (EQ) EDIT Equalizer (EQ) Edit The Equalizer (EQ) Edit parameters allow you to adjust the overall tone of the MU80 sound in five separate frequency bands. EQ presets are also provided for instantly calling up tone settings specially suited for different types of music. Low Lo Mid Mid Hi Mid High 0 dB Frequency To enter the Equalizer Edit mode, press the EQ button. EQ Type Graphically shows current EQ settings. Settings: Flat, Jazz, Pops, Rock, Classic EQ Type provides five different preset EQ settings, specially programmed for specific types of music. The Flat setting is a “flat” EQ preset with no change in equalization. Jazz, Pops, Rock and Classic each have different EQ settings and frequency bands, specially suited for those types of music. 96 EQUALIZER (EQ) EDIT EQ Frequency Parameters Thru: Jazz: Pops: Rock: Classic: 80 Hz, 500 Hz, 1.0 kHz, 4.0 kHz, 8.0 kHz 50 Hz, 125 Hz, 900 Hz, 3.2 kHz, 6.3 kHz 125 Hz, 315 Hz, 1.0 kHz, 2.0 kHz, 5.0 kHz 125 Hz, 200 Hz, 1.2 kHz, 2.2 kHz, 6.3 kHz 80 Hz, 315 Hz, 1.0 kHz, 6.3 kHz, 8.0 kHz Graphically shows the current EQ settings. Range: –12 … +12 dB The remaining EQ parameters let you set the level of each of the five frequency ranges: low, low-mid, mid, high-mid and high. The bars in the display show the EQ settings as a frequency “curve,” with peaks indicating level boosts in the frequency range and valleys indicating level cuts. A setting of 0 dB corresponds to no level change. NOTE Changing the EQ Type automatically restores the default Frequency Parameter settings and cancels any Frequency Parameter settings you have made. 97 UTILITY MODE Utility Mode The Utility mode lets you set functions related to the overall operation of the MU80, such as Master Tune, display contrast and playing of the Demo Song. Included also are utility operations, such as various kinds of data transfer with an external data storage device, and initializing of the MU80 settings. To enter the Utility mode, press the UTIL button. The following menu appears: System Functions The System functions provide various controls of the overall operation of the MU80, such as Master Tune, Mute and A/D Part Lock, some MIDI receive filters and a display Contrast control. Master Tune (M.Tune) Range: –102.4 … +102.3 cents (approx. +/– 1 semitone) Default: 0 This determines the overall fine tuning of the MU80’s Voices. It also affects the pitch of the individual drum/percussion sounds of the drum kits. Master Tune is especially useful for adjusting the pitch of the MU80 when playing with other instruments. The actual pitch of each Voice depends also on the other pitch related parameters: Key (in Play mode) and Detune (in Edit mode). NOTE At around 440 Hz, 1 Hz is approximately equal to 4 cents. 98 UTILITY MODE Mute Lock Settings: off, on Default: off This determines whether or not the Part Mute status of the MU80 is reset when receiving a GM System On or XG System On message. Generally, this message is automatically transmitted to the MU80 as part of General MIDI song data. When Mute Lock is set to off, this resets the Mute status of the Parts on the MU80. If you want to keep the current Mute settings and disable this reset, set Mute Lock to on. (For more information on the Mute function, see page 23.) A/D Part Lock Settings: off, on Default: off This determines whether or not the current parameter values and Variation effect settings of the A/D Parts are reset when receiving a GM System On or XG System On message. If you want to keep the current parameter values and Variation settings of the A/D Parts, set Mute Lock to on. (This parameter has no effect in the Performance mode.) 99 UTILITY MODE EQ Lock Settings: off, on Default: off This determines whether or not the EQ settings of the MU80 are reset when receiving a GM System On or XG System On message. If you want to keep the current EQ settings, set Mute Lock to on. (This parameter has no effect in the Performance mode.) Receive General MIDI Exclusive (RcvGMExcl) Settings: off, on Default: off This determines whether GM System On or XG System On messages are received or not. The on setting allows these messages to be received. Receive System Exclusive (RcvSysExcl) Settings: off, on Default: off This determines whether System Exclusive messages are received or not. System Exclusive messages are data specifically (or “exclusively”) related to the MU80. The On setting allows these messages to be received. This should be to On when receiving bulk data from a MIDI data storage device. (See page 102.) 100 UTILITY MODE Receive Bank Select (RcvBankSel) Settings: off, on Default: off This determines whether Bank Select messages are received or not. Bank Select messages can be sent from another MIDI device to change the banks of Voices on the MU80. (See page 28.) The On setting allows Bank Select messages to be received. Contrast Range: 1 … 8 This determines the contrast of the display. Adjust this as necessary for optimum visibility. (At extreme settings, the display may not be readable.) Dump Interval (DumpIntrval) Settings: 50, 100, 150, 200, 300 This determines the length of time the MU80 pauses when sending blocks of data in the Dump Out functions. If the receiving device fails to process the data or displays a “buffer full” type message, try setting this parameter to a higher value and send the data again. 101 UTILITY MODE Thru Port Range: 1 … 8 Some MIDI devices and sequencers are capable of transmitting data over several MIDI “ports,” effectively breaking the 16-channel barrier. When this data is received via the TO HOST terminal on the MU80, this parameter determines which MIDI port’s data will be routed through the MIDI OUT terminal. This allows you to connect another multi-timbral tone generator to the MU80 and play back data over 48 independent MIDI channels — 32 on the MU80 and another 16 on the connected tone generator. Dump Out Functions The Dump Out functions allow you to save the various settings of the MU80 (such as settings for Parts, Performances, system, etc.) to a MIDI sequencer, computer or a MIDI data recorder (such as the Yamaha MDF2 MIDI Data Filer). The following illustrations show example connections for the Dump Out functions. Saving and Restoring Data via MIDI MU80 MIDI OUT MIDI IN MIDI Data Recorder MIDI IN MIDI OUT Bulk Dump data can be sent and received using the MIDI IN and MIDI OUT connections. Saving and Restoring Data via TO HOST MU80 TO HOST Computer SERIAL PORT (with sequencer or MIDI librarian software) Bulk Dump data can be sent and received using the TO HOST connection. 102 UTILITY MODE Operation 1 Make sure that the MU80 is properly connected to the device and that the HOST SELECT switch is properly set. When using the MIDI terminals, connect the MIDI OUT of the MU80 to the MIDI IN of the data recorder. (See the illustrations above.) Also, set the HOST SELECT switch to MIDI. When using the TO HOST terminal, make sure that the HOST SELECT switch is set corresponding to the device to be used. (Refer to page 26 for more on host computer connections.) 2 Press the UTILITY button and select “DUMPOUT,” then press the ENTER button. 3 From the Dump Out menu, select the type of data to be sent: All, Multi or Performance. Then, press the ENTER button to call up the selected data dump. 103 UTILITY MODE All This transmits all MU80 data (including Part, Performance, system, and all parameter values) to the connected device. Multi Settings: 32 Parts, 16 Parts, 32 Parts + A/D, 16 Parts + A/D This transmits the selected MU80 Multi Part data (including System, Effect and EQ data) to the connected device. (Use the VALUE q buttons to select the type/amount of data to be transmitted.) Performance (PERFORM) Settings: ALL, I 001 … I 128 (Internal Performance numbers) This transmits the selected MU80 Performance data to the connected device. (Use the VALUE q buttons to select the type/ amount of data to be transmitted.) 4 From the “Are you sure?” prompt, press the ENTER button to execute the operation, or press the EXIT button to cancel it and return to the Dump Out menu. 104 UTILITY MODE A “Transmitting…” message appears in the display during the operation. When the transmission is completed, the MU80 returns to the Dump Out menu. NOTE If you have more than one MU80 connected in your MIDI system and wish to send different sets of data to each, you can specify a different Device Number for each. (See page 41.) You should set the Device Number on each MU80 you use, before dumping the data to a data storage device. Then, when you reload the data to the connected MU80s, each unit will automatically receive only the data that has the corresponding Device Number. To reload the data from the data recorder back to the MU80: Make sure that the devices are properly connected (see the Restoring Data illustrations above), and execute the appropriate data transfer operation from the data recorder. (Refer to the owner’s manual of that device for instructions.) The MU80 automatically receives incoming bulk data. Initialize Functions The Initialize functions allow you to restore the factory settings of the MU80. NOTE Since the Initialize functions replace existing data, you should save any and all important settings to a MIDI data storage device before using these functions. (See page 102.) Operation 1 Press the UTILITY button and select “INITIAL,” then press the ENTER button. 105 UTILITY MODE 2 From the Initialize menu, select the type of data to be initialized: Factory Settings (FactSet), selected Sound Module mode (XGInit, GM Init, C/MInit, PFMInit) or Drum (DrumInit) Then, press the ENTER button to call up the selected data dump. Factory Settings (FactSet) This restores the original factory settings of the MU80. Selected Sound Module Mode: Extended General MIDI (XGInit) 106 UTILITY MODE General MIDI (GM Init) Computer Music (C/MInit) Performance (PFMInit) One of the four parameters above will be available, depending on the currently selected Sound Module mode: XG, TG300B, C/M or PFM. Initializing this parameter restores the original settings for the selected mode. NOTES ● For the PFMInit setting, only the currently selected Performance will be initialized. ● For XGInit and GM Init, the initialized settings are the same as when the MU80 is reset upon receiving an XG System On or GM System On message. Drum (DrumInit) 107 UTILITY MODE Range: DrumS1 … DrumS4 This restores the original drum settings for the selected Drum SetupS1 … S4. (Use the VALUE q buttons to select the desired Drum Setup.) NOTE This parameter is not available when the MU80 is set to Performance mode. 3 -From the “Are you sure?” prompt, press the ENTER button to execute the operation, or press the EXIT button to cancel it and return to the previous display. An “Executing…” message appears in the display during the operation. When the operation is completed, the MU80 returns to the Initialize menu. Demo Song Play (DEMO) The Demo Song function in the Utility menu allows you to play the builtin Demo Song. Operation 1 Press the UTILITY button and select “DEMO,” then press the ENTER button. 2 Press the ENTER button to start the Demo Song. The Demo Song starts playing immediately and repeats indefinitely until stopped (in step 4 below). Playback of the individual Parts of the song is shown graphically by the “level meter” bars in the display. NOTE During Demo Song playback, no panel controls (with the exception of the EXIT button and the VOLUME control) can be used. 108 UTILITY MODE 3 To stop playback of the song, press the EXIT button. 4 To exit from the Demo Song function, press the EXIT button again. Sound Module Mode (MODE) This lets you select the operating mode of the MU80. Press the MODE button, then use the SELECT w buttons to select the desired Sound Module mode: XG (Extended General MIDI), TG300B (General MIDI), C/M (Computer Music) or PFM (Performance). If XG, TG300B or C/M are selected, the MU80 automatically sets itself to the Multi mode. When PFM is selected, the MU80 is in the Performance mode. (See page 34.) The bottom right of the display indicates the currently selected Sound Module mode. Arrow indicates selected Sound Module mode. Press the EXIT button (or any one of the other mode select buttons: PLAY, EDIT, UTIL, EFFECT or EQ) to use the MU80 in the current mode. NOTE When the MU80 is not set to the XG mode and an XG System On message is received, the MU80 changes to the XG mode after a slight pause of 0.5 seconds. 109 UTILITY MODE About Cable Messages The MU80 can receive Cable messages (F5) when the TO HOST terminal is connected to the serial terminal of a computer. On the MU80, MIDI receive channels A1…A16 are controlled from Port 1, and channels B1…B16 are controlled from Port 2. If the software you are using can address separate MIDI ports, data can be received over 32 channels simultaneously, allowing 32 parts to be played with only one serial cable. By connecting another multi-timbral tone generator to the MIDI OUT terminal of the MU80 and setting the Thru Port function (page 102) to a value other than 1 or 2, you can play back data over a total of 48 MIDI channels — 32 on the MU80 and another 16 on the connected tone generator. Thru Port setting: 3…8 MIDI OUT MIDI IN Port 1: Channels A1…A16 Port 2: Channels B1…B16 Tone Generator 110 Computer and Software with multiple-port capability APPENDIX The Reference section of this manual covers in detail all of the functions of the MU80. Refer to it when you need information about a specific function, feature or operation. Chorus Distortion Dump Effect EQ Initialize Reverb System Utility Variation APPENDIX XG Chapter 0: Format Overview Yamaha introduces a new tone-generator control format designed to meet the requirements of the coming multimedia environment. The new XG format — an extension of the existing GM format — provides broader capabilities suited to the demands of an increasingly sophisticated and diversified computerized environment. The new format enables a significantly higher level of musical expressiveness while at the same time ensuring the continued compatibility of existing sound data. Yamaha shall use the XG format as the basis for forthcoming electronic instruments, acoustic software, and tone-generating LSI circuitry, while working to maintain compatibility and adaptability among Yamaha models. Development Background Tone generators are utilized in a wide range of devices, from musical instruments to communications devices and computer games. The first international MIDI standard arose from the need to enable consistent external control of tone generators on all device types, regardless of manufacturer or model. Because tone generator voice arrangements tended to vary considerably among manufacturers and models, however, different MIDI devices often produced different types of sound in response to identical MIDI instructions. In 1991 the MIDI standard committee enacted additional specifications, referred to as the GM (General MIDI) standard, for the purpose of standardizing voice arrangements and improving MIDI uniformity. The GM standard significantly enhanced acoustics compatibility among complying devices, leading in turn to an expanding base of GM software applications. But the GM standard also has its limitations. It provides support for only 128 voices, whereas many users now perceive the need for a greater number of voices suited to a wider range of musical genres. Users have also indicated a desire for greater control over voice modifications and effects so as to enable a higher level of expressiveness. The advent of the computer-based multimedia age has added yet a different perspective, bringing increased attention to both image and sound technologies. Developments in multimedia-related sound and music processing parallel recent advances in the area of image compression, and are pointing the way to the future of multimedia. At present there are two fundamentally different approaches to the handling of sound and control data. One method is to digitally store sound data at the software side together with the control data, then send all of the data together to generate the playback. The second method is to have the software supply just control data to a tone generator on a computer or other such device. The tone generator processes the incoming data and generates the sound locally. The first method offers highly realistic sound, but requires immense quantities of data and locks in a specific set of performance characteristics and voices. The second method requires far less data while allowing for entirely free variations in voices, tempos, and virtually all other performance characteristics. The second method is therefore ideal for interactive multimedia applications such as karaoke and repetitive computer-game sounds. MIDI-based applications are typical of this second type of approach. As multimedia technology advances, we face a pressing need to expand this approach to accomodate a larger number of voices and greater degree of expressive control. This is why Yamaha is pleased to propose the new XG format — the tone generator format for the 21st century. 112 APPENDIX Basic Concepts The XG format maintains the universality and compatibility of the MIDI and GM standards while significantly increasing the range of expressiveness. It is designed to ensure data continuity, and to provide equipment manufacturers with considerable flexibility in designing machines that satisfy its requirements. Specifically, the XG format does the following. ● ● ● ● ● Enables production of extremely expressive sound data Significantly expands available voice types and variations Supports future compatibility of sound data among musical instruments, computers, and other devices Ensures that data will remain fully usable well into the future Supports standardized handling of new types of effects-inclusive data (such as karaoke data) The XG format is founded on the following three principles: ● ● ● Compatibility Scalability Expandability 1 Compatibility Any XG machine, regardless of model or manufacturer, will provide faithful reproduction of any XG sound data. Because the XG format maintains downward compatibility with the GM format, XG machines will also provide correct reproduction of GM sound data. 2 Scalability Although the XG format provides detailed and extensive specification of voice sets and voice changes, it does not require XG machines to support the full range of functions. Designers are free to develop a wide range of products to meet various cost and performance objectives. Each XG machine will replay XG data in accordance with the machine’s level of sophistication. If a model does not support a variation voice, it will automatically play the corresponding basic voice instead. If a model includes a graphic equalizer, it can take full advantage of graphic equalizer functions so as to control frequency characteristics to best suit the musical genre being played — from lively rock to soothing classical. 3 Expandability The XG format remains open to enhancements and extensions that will allow it to remain in step with future product developments. Additions to the GM format The XG offers the following extensions to the GM format. ● Voices: The GM format supports 128 voices. The XG format provides for Bank Select messages that significantly expand the number of voices supported. 1) Voice Extension by Bank-Select LSB Variations of basic GM voices are stored in banks. To select a variation, specify the desired bank by sending the appropriate Bank-Select LSB value. Each bank is associated with a specific type of variation, so that voices are easy to locate. 113 APPENDIX 2) Bank-Select MSB adds an SFX bank The Bank-Select LSB method is not useful for extension of distinctive SFX voices that have no meaningful variation. For this reason the XG format supports a full SFX bank of extension effects, which you can select by sending a Bank-Select MSB value of 40H. Bank-Select MSB 7H, in contrast, can be used to set any channel to rhythm-part play. ● Voice Modification: The XG format allows creation of extremely expressive control data that can darken or lighten voices, delay or accelerate sound start-up, or implement many other types of control. Most controls are issued by Control Change commands, although System Exclusive messages are also used. ● Effects: The XG format offers high-level effects support, enabling control of effects types, circuit operation, and internal parameter settings for both basic and elaborate effects. Devices equipped with graphic equalizers will be able to modify ambience and sound to suit the specific type of music being played. ● External Input: Whereas existing tone generators create sound in response to internal data only, the XG format provides for real-time participation by adding support for input of external audio signals. External signals can be processed by the mixer in the same way as internal tone-generator data. A model that supports this function would allow you, for example, to create karaoke data that can automatically set the microphone echo used for playback. New MIDI messages not available under GM format 1. Control Change Bank Select Portamento Time Portamento Sostenuto Soft Pedal Harmonic Content Release Time Attack Time Brightness Portamento Control Effects Send Level 1 (Reverb) Effects Send Level 2 (Chorus) Effects Send Level 3 (Variation) RPN Data Increment/Decrement NRPN Part Parameter Control RPN All Sound Off Reset All Controllers All Notes Off 2. Channel Mode Messages 3. Polyphonic Aftertouch 4. Channel Aftertouch 114 APPENDIX 5. System Exclusive Messages Parameter Change System Parameters Effects Parameters Three categories of system effects are supported. One of these categories can be switched with insertion effects. Graphic EQ and multiple insertion effects are supported as options. Part Parameters Filter cutoff and AEG value can be controlled by offset. Display Parameters External-Input Control Parameters Enable control of external signals input into internal mixer. Drum Setup Parameters Bulk Dump Parameter Request Dump Request Chapter 1: MIDI Specifications 1. Key On/Key Off Status: 9nH/8nH If multipart parameter “Rcv NOTE MESSAGE” is OFF, the part ignores these messages. If rhythm part’s “Rcv NOTE OFF”= OFF, the rhythm part ignores the Key Off message. 2. Program Change Status: CnH Default: 00H If multipart parameter “Rcv PROGRAM CHANGE” is OFF, the part ignores this message. Melody Voice As indicated in MU80 Sound List & MIDI Data booklet. Voices can be added through use of Bank Select LSB. (Refer to description of Bank Select, below.) Rhythm Voices As indicated in MU80 Sound List & MIDI Data booklet. Program Change message can be used to change the voice (drum kit). If the tone generator does not have a drum kit corresponding to the specified program number, it will ignore the message and continue to use the current drum kit. 3. Pitchbend Status: EnH Default: 40H 00H If multipart parameter “Rcv PITCH BEND” is OFF, the part ignores this message. 115 APPENDIX 4. Control Change Status: BnH If multipart parameter “Rcv CONTROL CHANGE” is OFF, the part will continue to accept Channel Mode messages but will ignore all other Control Change messages. Bank Select MSB/LSB: 00H/20H Cntrl# 0 32 Parameter Data Range Bank Select MSB Bank Select LSB 0:Normal 64:SFX voice 126:SFX kit 127:Drum 0 to 127 Default: 00 00H If multipart parameter “Rcv BANK SELECT” is OFF, the part ignores this message. The new bank selection does not become effective until receipt of the next Program Change message. The Bank-Select MSB selects melody voice, SFX voice, or rhythm kit. The MSB allows any channel to be designated for rhythm play. It also allows the user to mix standard GM voice sets with voice sets that are exclusive to the specific tone generator. Bank-Select MSB values are as follows. 00H: 01H to 3FH: 40H: 41H to 7DH: 7EH: 7FH: Melody voice not used SFX voice not used SFX kit (SFX voices arranged over keyboard) Rhythm kit (Rhythm voices arranged over keyboard) Note that Channel 10 is exclusively for rhythm voices and does not recognize Bank Select MSB/LSB. The Bank-Select LSB selects from the extended melody-voice set. (SFX kit and rhythm kit voices do not currently support Bank-Select LSB extension sets.) Each bank is set for a specific type of variation, simplifying retrieval of the desired voice. Extension voices, like basic voices, are associated with voice names (see MU80 Sound List & MIDI Data booklet). Other banks and voices may be added in the future. An XG machine need not support all LSB-selectable extension voices listed in MU80 Sound List & MIDI Data booklet. If support is included for one or more voices in an extension bank, however, any Program Change Number not supported by that bank must select the corresponding Bank #1 voice (basic voice). Note 1: Under default selection, Channel 10 plays rhythm voices, while other channels take Bank 1 melody voices. (Same as GM-system Level 1) Note 2: Receipt of Bank-Select LSB/MSB does not immediately change the voice. The channel stores the received Bank-Select LSB/MSB setting, but does not apply it until receipt of the next Program Change message. Note 3: If the new Bank-Select MSB is 00H (melody voice) but the tone generator does not support the melody voice corresponding to the last received Bank-Select LSB, the channel reverts to the Bank-Select LSB corresponding to its most recently played melody voice. 116 APPENDIX Note 4: If the new Bank Select MSB is 7FH (GM rhythm voice), the tone generator unconditionally uses LSB 00H. If the tone generator does not support a drum kit corresponding to the channel’s most recently received Program Change, the channel will revert to the Program Change corresponding to its most recently played rhythm kit. Note 5: If a Bank Select MSB value of 01H~7EH (SFX voice, or unused MSB) is received and the tone generator does not have a voice corresponding to the last received LSB and Program Change, the tone generator will produce no sound for that channel regardless of subsequent Key On messages. (Commentary) Users employing the XG format to generate music data should note the following general points. ● ● ● ● ● The discussion and examples provided above are intended to clarify operating specifications relevant to tone-generator manufacture. During general operation the MSB, LSB, and Program Change information should always be sent together (as under the MIDI standard). If the tone generator does not support a requested optional melody voice (melody voice in bank LSB-01 or above), it will produce the basic voice having the same Program Number. If it does not support a requested optional rhythm voice (Program Number other than 0), it will play the standard kit. For melody-voice play: If the channel cannot play from the bank selected by the last LSB specification, it will revert to the most recent playable LSB specifications. For rhythm-voice play: If the channel cannot play the kit selected by the last received Program Number, it will revert to the most recent playable Program Number. When creating data for the user area (Bank MSB = 01H ~ 3FH), remember that a channel will produce no sound if the tone generator does not support a voice corresponding to the Bank MSB. Modulation: 01H Cntrl# 1 Parameter Data Range Modulation 0 to 127 Default: 00H If multipart parameter “Rcv MODULATION” is OFF, the part ignores this message. Upon initialization this message applies to vibrato depth, but content can be changed by use of System Exclusive message. Portamento Time: 05H Cntrl# 5 Parameter Data Range Portamento Time 0 to 127 Default: 00H Sets the pitch-change speed used when Portamento is ON. Has no affect on portamento control. A value of 0 produces the shortest portamento time; value 127 selects the longest time. Data Entry MSB/LSB: 06H/26H Cntrl# 6 38 Parameter Data Range Data Entry MSB Data Entry LSB 0 to 127 0 to 127 Sets the value for the parameter specified by RPN/NRPN. 117 APPENDIX Master Volume: 07H Cntrl# 7 Parameter Data Range Volume 0 to 127 Default: 64H If multipart parameter “Rcv VOLUME” is OFF, the part ignores this message. Use this message to balance the volume among the different parts. Panpot: 0AH Cntrl# 10 Parameter Data Range Panpot 0 to 127 Default: 40H If multipart parameter “Rcv PAN” is OFF, the part ignores this message. Produces relative variations in pan among different installments of the rhythm part. Expression: 0BH Cntrl# Parameter Data Range 11 Expression 0 to 127 Default: 7FH If multipart parameter “Rcv EXPRESSION” is OFF, the part ignores this message. This message is used to control intonation expression (diminuendo and crescendo) during play. Sustain: 40H Cntrl# 64 Parameter Data Range Sustain 0 to 127 (0-63:Off 64-127:On) Default: 00H If multipart parameter “Rcv SUSTAIN” is OFF, the part ignores this message. Portamento: 41H Cntrl# 65 Parameter Data Range Portamento Default: 00H 0 to 127 (0-63:Off 64-127:On) If multipart parameter “Rcv PORTAMENTO” is OFF, the part ignores this message. 118 APPENDIX Sostenuto: 42H Cntrl# 66 Parameter Data Range Sostenuto Default: 00H 0 to 127 (0-63:Off 64-127:On) If multipart parameter “Rcv SOSTENUTO” is OFF, the part ignores this message. Soft Pedal: 43H Cntrl# Parameter Data Range 67 Soft Pedal 0 to 127 (0-63:Off 64-127:On) Default: 00H If multipart parameter “Rcv SOFT PEDAL” is OFF, the part ignores this message. Harmonic Content: 47H Cntrl# 71 Parameter Data Range Harmonic Content 0 to 127 (0:-64 64:+0 127:+63) Default: 40H Applies adjustment to the resonance value set by the voice. This parameter specifies relative change, with value 64 producing zero adjustment. As values get higher the sound becomes increasingly eccentric. Note that for some voices the effective parameter range is narrower than the legal parameter range. Release Time: 48H Cntrl# 72 Parameter Data Range Release Time 0 to 127 (0:-64 64:+0 127:+63) Default: 40H Applies adjustment to the envelope release time set by the voice. This parameter specifies relative change, with value 64 producing zero adjustment. For some voices the effective parameter range is narrower than the legal parameter range. Attack Time: 49H Cntrl# 73 Parameter Data Range Attack Time 0 to 127 (0:-64 64:+0 127:+63) Default: 40H Applies adjustment to the envelope attack time set by the voice. This parameter specifies relative change, with value 64 producing zero adjustment. For some voices the effective parameter range is narrower than the legal parameter range. 119 APPENDIX Brightness: 4AH Cntrl# Parameter Data Range 74 Brightness 0 to 127 (0:-64 64:+0 127:+63) Default: 40H Applies adjustment to the filter cutoff frequency set by the voice. This parameter specifies relative change, with value 64 producing zero adjustment. For some voices the effective parameter range is narrower than the legal parameter range. Portamento Control: 54H Cntrl# 84 Parameter Data Range Portamento Control 0 to 127 Portamento time is always 0. Effects Send Level 1 (reverb): 5BH Cntrl# 91 Parameter Data Range Effect-1 Depth 0 to 127 Default: 40H Adjusts the reverb send level. Effects Send Level 3 (chorus): 5DH Cntrl# 93 Parameter Data Range Effect-3 Depth 0 to 127 Default: 00H Adjusts the chorus send level. Effects Send Level 4 (variation): 5EH Cntrl# 94 Parameter Data Range Effect-4 Depth 0 to 127 Default: 00H Adjusts the variation effect send level. Effective only if “Variation Connection = System”. Data Increment/Decrement (RPN): 60H/61H Cntrl# 96 97 Parameter Data Range RPN Increment RPN Decrement 0 to 127 0 to 127 The data byte has no meaning. This message adds or subtracts 1 to/from the Pitchbend Sensitivity, Fine Tune, and Coarse Tune MSBs. Note that the Increment (Decrement) message will not change a setting that has 120 APPENDIX already reached its maximum (minimum) value. (Incrementation or decrementation of the Fine Tune value never carries over to the Coarse Tune value.) NRPN (Non-registered parameter number) LSB/MSB: 62H/63H Cntrl# 98 99 Parameter Data Range NRPN LSB NRPN MSB 0 to 127 0 to 127 If multipart parameter “Rcv NRPN” is OFF, the part ignores this message. First send the NPRN MSB and LSB to select the control parameter, then set the value by Data Entry. Once you have selected an NRPN on a given channel, the channel will apply subsequent Data Entry to the selected parameter. After making the necessary settings you should set RPN to Null to reduce the risk of operational errors. The following NRPN values are supported. NRPN MSB 01H 01H 01H 01H 01H 01H 01H 01H 14H LSB 08H 09H 0AH 20H 21H 63H 64H 66H rrH Data-entry MSB mmH mmH mmH mmH mmH mmH mmH mmH mmH Parameter Vibrato Rate Vibrato Depth Vibrato Delay Filter Cutoff Frequency Filter Resonance EG Attack Time EG Decay Time EG Release Drum Filter Cutoff Frequency 15H rrH mmH Drum Filter Resonance 16H rrH mmH Drum EG Attack Time 17H rrH mmH Drum EG Decay Time 18H rrH mmH Drum Pitch Fine 19H rrH mmH Drum Pitch Coarse 1AH rrH mmH Drum Level 1CH rrH mmH Drum Pan 1DH rrH mmH Drum Reverb Send Level 1EH rrH mmH Drum Chorus Send Level 1FH rrH mmH Drum Variation Send Level Data Range mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-40H-7FH(-64-0-+63) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-7FH(0-Max) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-40H-7FH(Random,L-Center-R) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-7FH(0-Max) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-7FH(0-Max) rr:drum instrument note number mm:00H-7FH(0-Max) rr:drum instrument note number Note that LSB values 14H through 1FH (drum parameters) are effective only for rhythm parts. 121 APPENDIX RPN (Registered parameter number) LSB/MSB: 64H/65H Cntrl# Parameter Data Range 100 101 RPN LSB RPN MSB 0 to 127 0 to 127 Default: 7F 7FH If multipart parameter “Rcv RPN” is OFF, the part ignores this message. The following parameters are supported. NRPN LSB MSB Data-entry MSB Parameter Data Range 00H 00H mmH Pitchbend Sensitivity mm: 00H-40H-7FH (-64-0-+63) Default: 02H LSB value is ignored. Minimum operational range is 00H00H-0CH00H (± octave). 01H 00H mmH Fine Tune 02H 00H mmH Coarse Tune 7FH 7FH Null mm: 00H-40H-7FH (-64-0-+63) Default: 40 00H mm: 00H-40H-7FH (-64-0-+63) Default: 40 00H — All Sound Off: 78H Cntrl# 120 Parameter Data Range — 0 Switches off sound from all parts. Does not reset the settings established by Channel Messages. Reset All Controllers: 79H Cntrl# 121 Parameter Data Range — 0 Resets the following values: Pitchbend, Modulation, Expression, Sustain, Registered Parameter Number, parameter settings. Resets portamento control. Specifically, clears condition in which source (Portamento Control Message) has been received but target (new Key On) has not. Leaves the following values unchanged: Program Change, Bank Select MSB/LSB, Volume, Pan, Dry Send Level, Effects Send Levels 1 ~ 5, Pitchbend Sensitivity, Fine Tuning, Coarse Tuning. 122 APPENDIX All Notes Off: 7BH Cntrl# 123 Parameter Data Range — 0 Switches off all currently “on” notes in all parts. Any notes being held by sustain or sostenuto continue to sound until sustain/sostenuto goes off. OMNI Off: 7CH Cntrl# 124 Parameter Data Range — 0 Same processing as for All Notes Off. OMNI On: 7DH Cntrl# 125 Parameter Data Range — 0 Same processing as for All Notes Off. (“OMNI ON” operation not supported.) MONO: 7EH Cntrl# 126 Parameter Data Range Mono 0 to 16 Generates “All Sound Off” operation. If the value of the third byte (mono number) is 0~16, the channel changes to Mode 4 (m=1). POLY: 7FH Cntrl# 127 Parameter Data Range — 0 Generates “All Sound Off” operation, and sets the channel to Mode 3. 5. Channel Aftertouch Status: DnH The message is not effective under initial settings to enable use of this message, send system Exclusive to change the channel aftertouch (CAT) parameters. If multipart parameter “Rcv CHANNEL AFTERTOUCH” is Off, the part ignores this message. 123 APPENDIX 6. Polyphonic Aftertouch Status: AnH The message is not effective under initial settings to enable use of this message, send system Exclusive to change the polyphonic aftertouch parameters. If multipart parameter “Rcv POLYPHONIC AFTERTOUCH” is Off, the part ignores this message. It is not necessary for the effect to apply to all note numbers (0~127). 7. Exclusive Messages XG System On F0H,43H,10H,4CH,00H,00H,7EH,00H,F7H 11110000 01000011 0001nnnn 00101011 00000000 00000000 01111110 00000000 11110111 F0 43 1n 4C 00 00 7E 00 F7 Exclusive status YAMAHA ID Device Number Model ID Address High Address Mid Address Low Data End of Exclusive This message switches SOUND MODULE MODE to XG and initializes the XG settings. The message requires approximately 50ms to execute, so sufficient time should be allowed before the next message is sent. GM System On F0H,7EH,7FH,09H,01H,F7H 11110000 01111110 01111111 00001001 00000001 11110111 F0 7E 7F 09 01 F7 Exclusive status Universal Non-realtime ID Device ID Sub ID1 Sub ID2 End of Exclusive Resets all data values to their defaults, with the exception of the MIDI Master Tuning value. MIDI Master Volume F0H,7FH,7FH,04H,01H,llH,mmH,F7H 11110000 01111110 01111111 00001001 00000001 0lllllll 0mmmmmmm 11110111 F0 7F 7F 04 01 ll mm F7 Exclusive status Universal Realtime ID Device ID Sub ID1 Sub ID2 Master Volume LSB Master Volume MSB End of Exclusive Changes volume of all channels. (“Universal System Exclusive”) 124 APPENDIX MIDI Master Tuning F0H,43H,1nH,27H,30H,00H,00H,mmH,llH,ccH,F7H 11110000 01000011 0001nnnn 00100111 00000001 00000000 00000000 0mmmmmmm 0lllllll 0ccccccc 11110111 F0 43 1n 27 30 00 00 mm ll cc F7 Exclusive status YAMAHA ID Device Number Model ID Sub ID2 Master Tune MSB Master Tune LSB End of Exclusive Changes tuning of all channels. Parameter Change 11110000 01000011 0001nnnn 01001100 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa 0ddddddd | 0ddddddd 11110111 F0 43 1n 4C aa aa aa dd | dd F7 Exclusive status YAMAHA ID Device Number Model ID Address High Address Mid Address Low Data Data End of Exclusive Includes 2 or 4 bytes of data, depending on parameter size. The following eight types of parameter change are provided. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) System Data parameter change Multi Effect Data parameter change Multi EQ Data parameter change Multi Part Data parameter change Drums Setup Data parameter change System Information Display Data parameter change AD Part Data parameter change *6) System Information is sent in response to dump requests. Received parameter changes are ignored. *7) Display Data parameter change is receive-only. System Exclusive messages are not accepted if “Rcv System Exclusive” is OFF. 125 APPENDIX Bulk Dump 11110000 01000011 0000nnnn 01001100 0bbbbbbb 0bbbbbbb 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa 0ddddddd | 0ddddddd 0ccccccc 11110111 F0 43 0n 4C bb bb aa aa aa dd | dd cc F7 Exclusive status YAMAHA ID Device Number Model ID Byte Count MSB Byte Count LSB Address High Address Mid Address Low Data Data Checksum End of Exclusive For information about “Address” and “Byte Count” fields, refer to Table 3. Checksum value is set such that the sum of Address, Byte Count, and Checksum has value zero in its seven least significant bits. No more than 512 bytes should be sent in a single transmission. If the Dump Request asks for more than 512 bytes, data should be sent in packets of 512 bytes or less, with at least 120msec between transmission of consecutive packets. Parameter Request 11110000 01000011 0011nnnn 01001100 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa 11110111 F0 43 3n 4C aa aa aa F7 Exclusive status YAMAHA ID Device Number Model ID Address High Address Mid Address Low End of Exclusive F0 43 2n 4C aa aa aa F7 Exclusive status YAMAHA ID Device Number Model ID Address High Address Mid Address Low End of Exclusive Dump Request 11110000 01000011 0010nnnn 01001100 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa 0aaaaaaa 11110111 Sending or receiving of dump request cannot be switched off except by setting “Exclusive” to OFF. 126 APPENDIX Troubleshooting Even though the MU80 is exceptionally easy to use, it may occasionally not function as you expect it to. If that happens, check the possible problems and solutions below before assuming that the instrument is faulty. Problem Possible Cause and Solution No power. If you are using an AC adaptor, check that the adaptor is properly plugged into both the AC outlet and the MU80 (See page 12.) No sound. Check that: ● The panel volume control is set to an appropriate level. ● Other volume-related parameters are set to appropriate levels. (See Volume and Expression in the Single Part controls, pages 38…39, and Master Volume and Master Attenuator in the All Part controls, page 42.) ● Mute or Solo are not active. (See page 23.) If a Part is being muted, or an empty Part is being soloed, you may not get any sound. ● The Variation effect settings are appropriate. No sound will be output at all if Variation Connection is set to INS (page 91), Variation Send is turned on for the Part (page 40), and NO EFFECT is selected for the Variation Type (page 90). The easiest solution in such a case is to turn off Variation Send for the Part. ● The EG Attack Time (page 47) is appropriately short, for short percussive sounds. ● The Velocity Sensitivity Offset (page 56) is appropriate. ● The Note Limit Low and Note Limit High (page 57) settings are appropriate. If the former is set higher than the latter, no sound will be output. ● The Velocity Limit Low and Velocity Limit High (page 59) settings are appropriate. If the former is set too high and the latter too low, no sound may be output. No sound when playing the MU80 from a computer, sequencer or external keyboard. Check all MIDI connections, making sure that the MIDI OUT of the external device is connected to the MIDI IN of the MU80, and that the MIDI IN of the external device is connected to the MIDI OUT of the MU80. (See pages 28…29.) Or, if you are using the TO HOST terminal with a computer, make sure that the terminal is properly connected to the computer and that the HOST SELECT switch is properly set for your particular computer. (See pages 26…28.) Also, make sure that you have turned on the connected MIDI instrument or computer before turning on the MU80. If you haven’t, simply turning the MU80 off and back on again may solve the problem. Notes are cut off or omitted. The maximum polyphony of the MU80 may be exceeded. The MU80 can play no more than 64 notes at once. (Though 64 notes may seem to be more than enough, you may run short when playing a connected keyboard along with some densely arranged song data.) Reverb, Chorus and/or Variation effects cannot be heard. Check all Reverb-, Chorus- and Variation-related controls: Reverb Send, Chorus Send and Variation Send in Single Part controls (pages 39…40); Reverb Return, Chorus Return and Variation Return (when Variation Connection is set to SYS) in All Part controls (pages 42…43). Also check the individual effect settings; if no Type has been selected, or if the parameter settings are too low, there may be no effect sound. The A/D input sound (mic, guitar, etc.) cannot be heard. Make sure that the appropriate A/D Part (A1 or A2) has been turned on and that the A/D INPUT control is set to an appropriate level. Also for best results, make sure that the A/D input type (Mic, Guitar, Keyboard, Audio) is set to match the input you are using. 127 APPENDIX Error Messages Battery Low! The battery voltage (for internal memory backup) may be too low. Bring the unit to your local Yamaha dealer or any other authorized Yamaha service personnel. Illegal Data! A data error resulted during reception of MIDI messages. Try transmitting the data again, or turn the MU80 off and back on again. MIDI Buffer Full! Too much MIDI data is being received by the MU80 at one time. Reduce the amount of data being sent to the MU80. HOST is OffLine! This message appears when the host computer is not turned on, the connecting cable is not properly connected, or the sequencing software is not active. SysEx Adrs ERROR! The data of the received System Exclusive message is incorrect. Check the address of the message and try transmitting again. SysEx Data ERROR! The data of the received System Exclusive message is incorrect. Check the data of the message (as to whether it requires an MSB or LSB header) and try transmitting again. SysEx Size ERROR! The data of the received System Exclusive message is incorrect. Check the size of the message and try transmitting again. Check Sum ERROR! The checksum of the received System Exclusive message is incorrect. Check the checksum of the message and try transmitting again. This Parameter isn’t Excl Data The selected parameter has no System Exclusive value and cannot be displayed with the Show Exclusive function. No Parameter The selected parameter for use with the Show Exclusive function does not exist as a valid parameter. Rcv CH is OFF! The selected parameter for use with the Show Exclusive function cannot be converted to a MIDI message value since the Receive Channel for the Part is off. Set the Receive Channel to an appropriate value. 128 APPENDIX Specifications Tone Generation Method AWM2 (Advanced Wave Memory 2) Maximum Simultaneous Polyphony 64-note Sound Module Modes XG (Extended General MIDI), TG300B, C/M, and Performance Multi-timbral Capacity 32-Part (on 32 MIDI channels; with element reserve priority for later notes and dynamic Voice allocation) Internal Voice/Program Structure Normal Programs Total Voices ......................... XG mode ............................. TG300B mode .................... C/M mode ........................... 729 537 614 128 (Parts 1 … 9), 64 (Parts 11 … 16) Drum Programs Total Programs .................... 21 XG mode ............................. 11 TG300B mode .................... 10 C/M mode ........................... 1 Performance Programs Up to four Voices plus all effect settings can be memorized to a Performance. Preset Programs .................. 64 × 2 User Programs .................... 128 Effects Five sections of multi-effects: Reverb (12 Types), Chorus (10 Types), Variation (44 Types), Distortion (3 Types), and EQ (4 Types) Demo Song 1 (not editable, stored in ROM) Display Custom back-lit LCD 129 APPENDIX Controls A/D INPUT level control; POWER/VOL control; Mode select buttons: PLAY, UTIL (UTILITY), MODE, EDIT, EFFECT, EQ; other buttons: MUTE/SOLO, ENTER, EXIT, PART q , SELECT w , VALUE q Jacks and Terminals Front panel: A/D INPUT jack (stereo 1/4"), PHONES jack (stereo mini-pin) Rear panel: OUTPUT R, L/MONO jacks (Right, Left/Mono); DC IN jack; TO HOST terminal; HOST SELECT switch; MIDI IN A/B, MIDI OUT, and MIDI THRU terminals Computer/MIDI Interface Direct connection to host computer port (RS-232C, RS-422) with optional cables (CCJ-PC1, CCJ-PC1, CCJ-MAC); MIDI terminals allow connection to MIDI sequencer or MIDI controller Data Transfer (Baud) Rate MIDI — 31,250 bps (bits per second) Mac — 31,250 bps PC-1 — 31,250 bps PC-2 — 38,400 bps Power Supply Yamaha PA-1207 AC Adaptor (included) Dimensions (W × D × H) 220 × 210 × 44 mm (8-5/8" × 8-1/4" × 1-3/4") Weight 1.3 kg (2 lbs., 14 oz.) Included Accessories Owner’s Manual, Yamaha PA-1207 AC Adaptor * Specifications subject to change without notice. 130 APPENDIX Glossary A/D input Abbreviation for analog-to-digital. The A/D inputs of the MU80 allow you to process analog inputs (such as a microphone, electric guitar, CD player, or another electronic instrument) with the digital effects of the MU80 and mix them with the internal Voices. host computer The controlling computer in a computer music system. The host computer is connected to the MU80 (via the TO HOST or MIDI terminals) and runs the software necessary for recording and playing back song data, which is reproduced by the internal sound sources and effects of the MU80. Assignable Controller 1 Certain functions on the MU80 (such as the Filter, Volume or Variation effect) can be changed in real time by controllers on a connected MIDI instrument. Assignable Controller 1 lets you determine which controller (for example: modulation wheel, breath controller, foot controller, etc.) is used for that purpose. LFO Abbreviation for low frequency oscillator, which generates a low frequency signal that is used to modulate certain aspects of the sound, such as pitch or level. Chorus, Flanger, Tremolo, Vibrato and other modulation effects use LFOs. AWM2 Abbreviation for Advanced Wave Memory 2, an enhanced version of Yamaha’s original tone generation system, featuring digital filters for superior sound. MIDI Acronym for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, a worldwide standard that allows MIDI-compatible instruments and devices to communicate with each other. For the instruments to communicate, they normally must be set to the same MIDI channel. bank A set of Voices or programs. The MIDI standard supports up to 128 banks, each of which can contain up to 128 Voices or programs. edit Editing is the process of changing or adjusting the settings of the MU80. EG Abbreviation for Envelope Generator, a common control on electronic instruments that affects the “shape” (or envelope) of the sound in time. The MU80 provides two types of EGs: one for level and the other for pitch. Filter A control for affecting the frequency content of a sound. Filters are used to selectively cut or boost certain frequency ranges in the sound — subtly enhancing the sound, or dramatically changing its character. On the MU80, the Filter can be controlled in real time with the Assignable Controller 1. General MIDI (GM) An addition to the MIDI standard which effectively ensures that any General MIDI-compatible song data can be properly played back on any General MIDI-compatible tone generator. The standard specifies that a GM-compatible tone generator must have at least 24-note polyphony, 16-part multi-timbral capacity and 128 standard voices. The MU80 exceeds this with 64note polyphony, 32-part multi-timbral capacity and 729 Voices. modulation wheel A controller found on most MIDI keyboards which is normally used to control pitch and other types of modulation. It can be used to control various aspects of the MU80 sound by proper setting of the Assignable Controller 1. (See pages 77…78.) multi-timbral This refers to the capacity of a tone generator to produce several different sounds at once. The MU80 is a 32-Part multi-timbral tone generator, capable of playing 32 different instrument Voices at once, each over an independent MIDI channel. Mute The Mute function of the MU80 allows you to silence one Part to hear how all of the other Parts sound without it. parameter The word “parameter” refers to any adjustable setting of an electronic musical instrument. For example, the Filter function of the MU80 has two parameters: Cutoff Frequency and Resonance. Part The Voices of the MU80 are assigned to separate Parts, and up to 32 of these Parts can sound simultaneously. Parts are analogous to the various instrumental parts in music: e.g., piano part, guitar part, etc. 131 APPENDIX Performance In the MU80, “Performance” refers to an operation mode and the programs that are used in that mode. A Performance can contain up to four different Parts, all controllable over the same MIDI channel. The preset Performances of the MU80 are special multi-Part sound programs designed particularly for live performance and studio recording purposes. Pitch Bend A function found on virtually all MIDI keyboards (usually controlled with a pitch bend wheel) that allows the pitch to be raised or lowered continously. The Pitch Bend Control parameter on the MU80 allows you to set the range over which the pitch can be changed. polyphony The number of notes that can be sounded simultaneously by an electronic instrument. The MU80 has 64-note polyphony, ensuring that even the most complex song data will play back completely and accurately, with no “note robbing.” port To answer the need for more MIDI channels (the limit is 16), many MIDI interfaces offer two or more MIDI ports, each of which can address 16 MIDI channels. The MU80 is equipped with two independent MIDI ports (A and B), providing 32channel operation. The two ports are also addressable via the TO HOST computer interface. Portamento A function found on early synthesizers that creates a continuous pitch glide between successively played notes. On the MU80, the time of the pitch glide can be adjusted. return Related to effect operation, “return” refers to the effect-processed signal that is returned to the overall sound mix. For example, the parameter Reverb Return determines the amount of Reverbprocessed signal that is blended with the overall sound mix of the MU80. (“Return” is the companion function of “send” below.) send Related to effect operation, “send” refers to the signal that is sent to an effect for processing. For example, the parameter Reverb Send determines the degree to which an individual Part is processed with the Reverb effect. (“Send” is the companion function of “return” above.) sequencer A device used for recording, editing and playing back of MIDI data. Sequencers are generally of two types: “dedicated” sequencer units, and computer-based sequencing software. The MU80 can be used with either type. 132 Solo The Solo function of the MU80 allows you to isolate a single Part, to hear how that Part sounds by itself. Sound Module mode The MU80 has four Sound Module modes, and these determine the basic operation of the unit as a tone generator. Three Multi modes (XG, TG300B and C/M) and one Performance mode (PFM) are available. tone generator An electronic instrument that functions as a MIDI-controllable sound source. For the most part, the term “tone generator” refers to those devices that have no keyboard or other controller, but are meant to be connected to and played from a separate keyboard or computer. Variation In the MU80, “Variation” refers to the special section of various effects, including Reverb, Delay, Chorus, and many others. The Variation effects total 44, and can be used simultaneously with the other effect sections of the MU80: Reverb, Chorus, Distortion and EQ. velocity The speed at which a note is played (for example, on a keyboard). Normally, the faster (or harder) a key is struck, the higher the corresponding note’s velocity — and, hence, the louder the sound produced. The MU80 features a variety of velocity-related parameters that provide extensive control over the velocity response of the Voices, and even allow you to set up sophisticated velocity splits, in which the Voices change in response to playing velocity. Vibrato Vibrato is a quavering, vibrating sound, and is produced in the MU80 by regularly modulating the pitch of a Voice. The speed and depth of the Vibrato can be adjusted, as well as the time it takes before the Vibrato effect is applied. Voice The basic sound unit (or sound program) of the MU80. There are a total of 729 Voices available on the MU80. XG-MIDI An abbreviation for Extended General MIDI, a new standard created by Yamaha which significantly improves on the General MIDI standard by providing a greater variety of high-quality Voices and enhanced effect operation. APPENDIX Index A A/D input .......................................................... 24–25 A/D Part ............................................................ 24, 77 A/D Part Lock ......................................................... 99 All Part control ..................................... 41–43, 72–74 All Part control, selecting ....................................... 41 Alternate Group (Drum Setup) ............................... 64 Assignable Controller 1 .............................. 77–78, 82 Assignable Controller 1 Amplitude Control ........... 82 Assignable Controller 1 Control Change Number ....................................................... 77–78 Assignable Controller 1 Filter Control ................... 82 Assignable Controller 1 Variation Control ............. 90 B Bank (Performance mode) ................................ 67–68 Bank Number (Multi mode) ................................... 38 Bank Number (Performance mode) ........................ 69 banks, changing .......................................... 18, 67–68 C C/M mode ......................................... 34, 55, 106, 109 Chorus .............................................................. 88–89 Chorus Pan ........................................................ 88–89 Chorus Return (Multi mode) .................................. 43 Chorus Return (Performance mode) ....................... 74 Chorus Send (Drum Setup) .................................... 63 Chorus Send (Multi mode) ..................................... 40 Chorus Send (Performance mode) .......................... 71 Chorus Send (to Reverb) ........................................ 89 Chorus Type ............................................................ 88 Common parameters ......................................... 75–78 computer, connecting cables ................................... 32 computer, connecting MU80 with .......................... 26 computer, IBM PC and clones .......................... 27–28 computer, Macintosh ........................................ 26–27 connections, audio ............................................ 12–13 connections, MIDI ................................ 12–13, 28–29 Contrast ................................................................ 101 Copy ................................................................. 83–84 Cutoff Frequency (Drum Setup) ............................. 63 Cutoff Frequency (Multi mode) ............................. 45 D Demo song .............................................. 15, 108–109 Detune .............................................................. 54, 80 Device number ........................................................ 41 Distortion .......................................................... 91–92 Distortion Part ........................................................ 92 Distortion Type ....................................................... 92 Drum Setup controls ......................................... 61–65 Drum Setup menu, selecting and editing .......... 61–62 Dry Level .......................................................... 60, 81 Dry/Wet (Variation) ................................................ 90 Dry/Wet Balance (Distortion) ................................. 92 Dump Interval ....................................................... 101 Dump Out functions ..................................... 102–105 E editing, in All Part ................................................... 41 editing, in Single Part ............................................. 37 Effect Edit mode ............................................... 86–95 effect connections (System and Insertion) ........ 92–95 EG (Envelope Generator) ........................... 46–51, 79 EG Attack (Drum Setup) ........................................ 65 EG Attack Time ...................................................... 47 EG Decay 1 (Drum Setup) ..................................... 65 EG Decay 2 (Drum Setup) ..................................... 65 EG Decay Time ...................................................... 48 EG Release Time .................................................... 48 EQ Frequency parameters ...................................... 97 EQ Lock ............................................................... 100 EQ Type .................................................................. 96 Equalizer (EQ) .................................................. 96–97 Expression .............................................................. 39 F Filter ........................................................... 44–46, 79 I Initialize functions ........................................ 105–108 Insertion connection ......................................... 92–95 L Level (Drum Setup) ................................................ 62 M Master Attenuator ................................................... 42 Master Tune ............................................................ 98 Master Volume ........................................................ 42 MIDI channel, changing ......................................... 72 MIDI data flow (diagram) ...................................... 31 MIDI data storage device ............................... 30, 102 MIDI devices, connecting to ........ 12–13, 28–29, 102 MIDI keyboard, playing the MU80 with ................ 16 MIDI keyboard, selecting Voices with ................... 19 MIDI, Receive Channel .......................................... 37 MIDI, Receive Port ................................................. 37 Modulation Wheel — LFO Filter Modulation Depth .......................... 81 Modulation Wheel — LFO Pitch Modulation Depth ..................... 60, 81 Mono/Poly Mode .............................................. 55, 80 Multi Edit mode ...................................................... 44 Multi mode ....................................................... 34–65 Multi mode, selecting ............................................. 34 Multi Play mode ..................................................... 35 Mute ........................................................................ 23 Mute Lock .............................................................. 99 133 APPENDIX N Note Limit High ............................................... 57, 80 Note Limit Low ................................................ 57, 80 Note Shift (Multi mode) ......................................... 40 Note Shift (Performance mode) .............................. 71 O Others parameters ............................................. 53, 80 P Pan (Drum Setup) ................................................... 62 Pan (Multi mode) .................................................... 39 Pan (Performance mode) ........................................ 70 Part controls .......................... 6, 20, 36, 37–43, 69–74 Part Edit mode .................................................... 7, 10 Part Mode ............................................................... 54 Part parameters ................................................. 78–82 Part settings, changing ............................................ 22 Parts, selecting .................................................. 20–21 Performance Bank ............................................ 67, 72 Performance Edit mode ................................ 9, 75–82 Performance mode ...................... 55, 66–85, 106, 109 Performance Name ........................................... 75–76 Performance Number .............................................. 72 Performance Pan ..................................................... 73 Performance Part control .................................. 69–74 Performance Play mode .................................... 66–68 Performance Volume .............................................. 73 Performances, selecting Preset or Internal . 67–68, 72 Pitch Bend Control ........................................... 60, 81 Pitch Coarse (Drum Setup) ..................................... 62 Pitch EG ........................................................... 49–51 Pitch EG Attack Time ............................................. 50 Pitch EG Initial Level ............................................. 49 Pitch EG Release Level .......................................... 50 Pitch EG Release Time ........................................... 51 Pitch Fine (Drum Setup) ......................................... 62 Play displays ..................................................... 35–36 Play mode ....................................................... 6, 7, 35 playing the MU80 ............................................. 14–16 Portamento Switch ........................................... 58, 80 Portamento Time .............................................. 58, 81 Program (Voice) Number (Multi mode) ................. 38 Program (Voice) Number (Performance mode) ..... 69 R Receive Bank Select ............................................. 101 Receive General MIDI Exclusive ......................... 100 Receive Note Off (Drum Setup) ............................. 65 Receive Note On (Drum Setup) .............................. 64 Receive System Exclusive .................................... 100 Resonance (Drum Setup) ........................................ 64 Resonance (Multi mode) ........................................ 45 Reverb ............................................................... 86–87 Reverb Pan .............................................................. 87 Reverb Return (Multi mode) .................................. 42 Reverb Return (Performance mode) ....................... 73 Reverb Send (Drum Setup) ..................................... 62 Reverb Send (Multi mode) ..................................... 39 134 Reverb Send (Performance mode) .......................... 70 Reverb Type ...................................................... 86–87 S Send Chorus to Reverb ........................................... 89 Send Variation to Chorus ........................................ 91 Send Variation to Reverb ........................................ 91 Single Part control (Multi mode) ...................... 37–40 Single Part control (Performance mode) .......... 69–71 Single Part control, selecting .................................. 37 Solo ......................................................................... 23 Sound Module mode ................................................ 6 Sound Module mode, selecting ...................... 34, 109 Store .................................................................. 84–85 System connection ............................................ 92–95 System functions ............................................ 98–102 System MIDI Channel ............................................ 72 System Transpose ................................................... 74 T TG300B mode .................................. 34, 55, 106, 109 Thru Port ............................................................... 102 Transpose .......................................................... 43, 74 U Utility mode .............................................. 10, 98–109 V Variation ........................................................... 89–91 Variation Connection .............................................. 91 Variation Pan .......................................................... 91 Variation Return (Multi mode) ............................... 43 Variation Return (Performance mode) .................... 74 Variation Send (Drum Setup) ................................. 63 Variation Send (Multi mode) .................................. 40 Variation Send (Performance mode) ...................... 71 Variation Send (to Chorus) ..................................... 91 Variation Send (to Reverb) ..................................... 91 Variation Type ......................................................... 90 Velocity Limit High .......................................... 59, 81 Velocity Limit Low ........................................... 59, 81 Velocity Sensitivity Depth ................................ 56, 80 Velocity Sensitivity Offset ................................ 56, 80 Vibrato ........................................................ 51–52, 80 Vibrato Delay .......................................................... 52 Vibrato Depth ......................................................... 52 Vibrato Rate ............................................................ 51 Voices, selecting ............................................... 17, 19 Volume (Multi mode) ............................................. 38 Volume (Performance mode) .................................. 70 X XG mode .......................................... 34, 54, 106, 109